What to read for ablution. Procedure for performing small ablution

Many people today think that the traditions of another people are too difficult and meaningless. But it’s not for nothing that they say that judging another is a thankless task. For Muslims, daily prayer is not hard labor, but an obligatory item. Moreover, in addition to direct prayer, one has to undergo preparation for it, which is individual for men and women.

It is more difficult for the fair sex, because a lady is not always pure before Allah. How is prayer performed for women?

What it is?

This is a special prayer in Islam, which is a strictly regulated action, since the number and time of prayers are determined, as well as the direction in which one must turn to the Almighty. Namaz for women must be preceded by ablution. That is, you need to wash your face, ears, neck, arms and legs. Many religious authorities believe that ablution is not considered complete if the lady still has nail polish on her nails. It needs to be erased. If there is no water, then it is permissible to perform ablution with sand, which is suitable for desert conditions. There is no such practice in Russia. After ablution, one should put on clothes in accordance with Islamic requirements. It should be a closed suit that does not hug the body and is not considered seductive.

Same place, same hour

Namaz for women can be performed at home, but men more often go to the mosque. If a family lives in a city without a church, then they can pray at home, although the husband and wife usually pray separately. A woman can also visit a mosque, where there is a special room for religious ceremonies. Regardless of the gender of the believer, prayer is performed five times a day. Namaz for women differs in the process itself.

You cannot raise your hands up, unlike a man. The last words “Allah Akbar!” the woman speaks with her elbows pressed to her body. And in general, she should be restrained in her movements. During the process, your arms need to be folded on your chest, and not on your stomach, as men do. There is a special feature when performing a bow to the ground, called “sajdah”. A woman completes the correct prayer by bringing her body as close to the ground as possible and sitting on her knees. By the way, in the text itself there are no differences from the male version, so only the movements are specific.

Allah and his slaves

The Almighty could not place on his slaves a greater burden than they could bear, so Islam is considered a religion of relief. Some types of worship for girls are limited during the menstrual cycle. For example, ablution for women before prayer does not give full results. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform prayer, and it does not require replenishment. There is no need to adhere to the fast, but then you will have to make up for it. There is no need to circumambulate the Kaaba during the Hajj, but other rituals are permitted.

They say that Aisha was talking about the journey with the Messenger of Allah, when there was a conversation about the pilgrimage, and at the end of the walk she began to menstruate, which caused profuse tears. Then the Messenger of Allah was curious about the reason for the tears. Having found out, he said that in such a state one can do everything that pilgrims do, except for walking around the Kaaba. During menstruation, a woman should not have sexual intercourse, come to the mosque, touch the Koran and read its surahs.

Responsibilities

Each woman keeps her own calendar and therefore knows her cycle schedule. Naturally, its duration is different for everyone, but, according to scientists, it lasts from a day to 15 days. Bleeding beyond this period is considered an anomaly, therefore, if the discharge continues on the 16th day, you need to take a bath and begin performing your duties, since the nature of the bleeding is no longer considered menstrual.

If the discharge lasts less than a day, then it is not considered menstruation, and therefore it is necessary to make up for the missed fast and prayer, but there is no need to perform a complete ablution. If the bleeding is accompanied by pain, then there is no need to leave the prayer. A woman should wash herself, insert a tampon, put on a pad and put on something clean. By the way, ablution for women before prayer in the month of Ramadan excludes a tampon, since this is contrary to the rules of fasting.

Why can you postpone prayer?

Morning prayer for women can be postponed for a number of reasons, the first of which is covering the awrat.

A good reason would be going to the mosque or waiting for collective prayer. If blood comes out before prayer, then this does not interfere with prayer, since it is not the woman’s fault. It happens that a girl forgot to put tampons in or postponed prayer for worldly reasons. In such cases, only farz prayers or sunnat prayers are performed. Chronic bleeding for a woman gives the right to one obligatory prayer after each ablution. It is said that Muaza once asked Aisha about making up for missed fasts and prayers after menstruation. She replied that the Messenger of Allah ordered fasts to be compensated, but did not say anything about prayers. And Said Mansur reported that a woman who has cleared herself of menstruation during afternoon prayer should perform lunch and afternoon prayers. Continuous discharge, which lasted 5 days, must end with complete ablution and restitution of prayers and fasts.

What to do during menstruation?

I wonder how to do namaz for a newbie woman. We need to say Dhikr more often, turn to Allah with requests, surround ourselves with pious sisters and read spiritual literature. It is permissible to read verses with words of supplication when making a request. The Prophet's wife Aisha said that Muhammad spoke of monthly defilement as a blessed purification. If on the first day of desecration a woman repents before the Almighty, she will be included in the list of those freed from hellfire. Those representatives of the fairer sex who do not follow their cycle and skip prayers are called absent-minded and difficulties are predicted for them on the Day of Judgment.

How to perform namaz for women with manicure? Before bathing, you should not cut your nails, since there are words in the hadith that removed nails and hair return on the Day of Judgment in a desecrated state. Another interesting question is about a woman teaching the teachings of the Koran. According to some, she can work during menstruation, but her work is limited, but she can teach the alphabet.

Bathing

After the completion of menstruation, ritual bathing, or the so-called ghusl, must be performed. It cannot be postponed, and before the procedure one should express the niyat. Now you can begin ablution with words addressed to Allah. First of all, the perineum is washed, then the head and the right side of the body are poured. Then there’s the left side. Now the whole body is washed again. Women mostly have long hair and braids, and if the water does not go inside, then they need to be unbraided and washed. In Sharia, a mark is made in case water does not enter naturally curled hair.

According to etiquette

Before performing namaz, a woman needs to fulfill all her natural needs so as not to offend Allah with them. There is even a kind of etiquette for these processes. So, you need to choose a secluded place, avoid getting your body and clothes dirty, and avoid standing in water. After this, you need to clean both passages with water or paper. A woman should not be in a state of poisoning, sleep or unconscious during ablution. You cannot eat camel meat, touch the genitals, cook food over fire, laugh or touch uncleanliness.

The question of how to perform namaz for a novice woman arises when she reaches adulthood. In addition, the girl must be of sound mind and have the intention to perform namaz. The prayer becomes invalid if a person is an apostate, refuses the obligatory actions of prayer, performs only bows or bows to the ground, distorts sounds, or deliberately eats and drinks.

Before performing namaz, a woman should not look up, put her hands on her belt, or close her eyes. In addition, one cannot express one’s intentions to perform namaz verbally or get ahead of the imam during collective prayer. There are also a number of places where it is not recommended to pray. So, how to perform namaz for women? Avoid praying in a cemetery, in a bathhouse, in a toilet, or in a camel pen. By the way, you cannot pray after childbirth or miscarriage. During such a period, fasting is also prohibited.

1. Ablution should be performed with clean water.

2. Anything that could interfere with the access of water to those parts of the body that should be washed (for example, wax, dough or paint) should be removed from the skin.

The varnish that women use prevents water from reaching their nails, and therefore wudu will only be valid after removing it.

Dried mucus in the nose prevents water from reaching the skin and should therefore be removed before washing the face.

If the ring is narrow, it must be moved so that water can penetrate under it; if it is wide enough, it should be moved in accordance with the sunnah.

Before performing ablution, a woman must remove her false nails (if any) as they block the flow of water.

Wiping false hair is invalid, since it is tantamount to wiping a headdress, which cannot serve as a substitute for wiping the head during wudu.

3. It is necessary that the process of defilement, incompatible with ablution, cease.

Thus, the ablution will be invalid for someone who, without sufficient grounds for this, begins it before he stops urinating or bleeding from the wound.

Similarly, the ablution of a woman who has not completed her period or postpartum bleeding will be invalid.

Pillars of Ablution

A pillar is any duty that is an integral part of a particular type of worship. Examples include washing the face while performing partial ablution or bowing to the ground during prayer.

Responsibilities are divided into unconditional (katy) and practical (amali).

Unconditional is such an obligation, the need for fulfillment of which is confirmed by a direct indication of the Quran or Sunnah. So, wiping your head when performing ablution is necessary due to what Allah Almighty said (meaning): "...and wipe your heads » .

A person who denies the need to fulfill such duties deserves to be accused of unbelief, and refusal to fulfill them invalidates the action of which such a duty is an integral part.

Practical An obligation is similar to an unconditional one in that refusal to fulfill it also invalidates the action. However, a person who denies the need to perform duties of this kind does not deserve to be accused of disbelief, if we are talking about the measure determined by ijtihad. An example would be the decision to wipe a quarter of the surface of the head during ablution.

There are four pillars of ablution:

1) one-time facial washing;

2) one-time washing of hands up to the elbows (inclusive);

3) one-time wiping of a quarter of the head;

4) one-time washing of the feet up to the ankles (inclusive).

The obligatory nature of these pillars is confirmed by the words of the Almighty (meaning): “O you who believe! When you begin prayer, wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, and wipe your heads, and (wash) your feet up to the ankles...” (Surah Al-Maida, verse 6).

In height, the surface of the face includes everything from the upper border of the forehead to the bottom of the chin, and in width - everything that is between the earlobes. The face includes the part of the cheek between the temple and the ear, as well as the parts of the closed lips protruding outward.

Washing the outer part of a thick beard, through which you cannot see what is underneath, replaces washing the skin. If the beard is sparse and the skin is visible through it, then it must be washed with water. It is not necessary to wash beard hair that goes down beyond the oval of the face. All of the above also applies to the mustache, eyebrows and hair growing between the lower lip and chin.

If the nail is long and covers the tip of the finger, preventing water from reaching what is underneath, you need to remove the obstruction and rinse what is under the nail.

You should not wash the area from which your beard or mustache was shaved a second time, just as you should not wash an abrasion or head a second time after shaving.

The hands should be washed together with the elbows, and the feet with the ankles.

Desirable actions (mustahabbat) during ablution

1. Rubbing the neck after wiping the head.

The Prophet ﷺ is reported to have said: “On the Day of Resurrection, whoever wipes his neck while performing ablution will be protected from bondage.” (Ad-Dailami).

Lais bin Musarrif reported the words of his father, who said that his grandfather saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ rubbing his head, reaching the back of his head and the beginning of his neck. Another version of this hadith says: “Having wiped his head, he said: “So,” and made a sign with his hand, pointing first to the front of his head, and then to the lower part of his neck from the back of the head.” (Ahmad; at-Tahawi; at-Tabarani).

2. Turning to the qibla during ablution,

since ablution is a form of worship and the best position should be chosen for it.

3. Perform ablution in a clean place.

4. Performing ablution and being ready for prayer before the time allotted for it,

since this makes it possible to wait for the time of prayer to begin, and for waiting for the beginning of prayer the same reward is given as for performing it. “The slave will remain in a state of prayer as long as he remains at the place of his prayer, waiting for the time of (next) prayer to come, and the angels will say: “O Allah ﷻ, forgive him, O Allah ﷻ, have mercy on him!” - until he leaves (this place) or becomes defiled.” (Muslim).

5. While performing ablution, it is advisable to wash and wipe various parts of the body yourself,

without resorting to outside help, but there is nothing wrong with turning to someone for help when you need to drain or bring water. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said: "After the Messenger of Allah ﷺ satisfied the need, I often brought him water with which he performed ablution.” (Muslim).

Al-Mughira bin Shuba (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said: “One night when I was with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he dismounted and satisfied his need. When he returned, I began to drain water for him from the vessel that I had, and he performed ablution and wiped his leather socks." (Muslim).

6. It is advisable to draw water for rinsing your mouth and rinsing your nose with your right hand, and blow your nose and wipe your feet with your left.

If a person is not fasting, it is necessary to rinse the mouth and nose as thoroughly as possible. Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) is reported to have said: "Messenger of Allah ﷺ used his right hand for everything clean and for eating, and his left hand for washing and everything unclean.” (Ahmad; Abu Dawud).

7. During ablution one should not talk about worldly affairs,

so that ablution, which is the threshold of worship, is free from the impurities of this world.

8. You should neither waste too much water nor save it excessively.

9. It is advisable to drink the water that remains after ablution while standing and facing the qiblah.

Al-Husayn bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said: “(One day) Ali ordered water to be brought to him for ablution...” after which he described how Ali performed ablution, and then said: “Then he stood up and said to me: “Give me (the vessel),” and I brought it to him a vessel containing the remains of the water he used for ablution. He drank this water while standing, and I was surprised at this. Noticing my surprise, he said: "Do not be surprised, for I saw the Prophet ﷺ did the same thing that I did before your eyes. He ordered that water be given to him, which he used for ablution, and while standing he drank what was left." » (An-Nasai; at-Tahawi).

10. Having completed ablution, it is advisable to read the following prayer:

“I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone ﷻ, Who has no partner, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. O Allah ﷻ, number me among those who repent and number me among those who are purifying (Ashhadu alla ilaha illa-Llahu wahda-hu la sharika lyahu, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasulyuhu. Allahumma jal-ni mina-t-tavvabina wa-jal-ni minal-mutatahkhirina)".

11. After ablution, it is advisable to pray two rak'ahs.

It is reported that one day Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) performed ablution and then said: “I saw the Messenger of Allahﷺ performed ablution similar to my ablution, and then said: “Past sins will be forgiven to the one who performs ablution similar to this ablution of mine, and then prays two rak’ahs without talking to himself.”(Muslim).

12. When washing your hands and feet, it is advisable to wash more than prescribed, including not only the elbows and ankles.

Nuaim bin Abdullah is reported to have said: “(Once) I saw Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) perform ablution. He washed his face completely, then he washed his right hand until he reached his forearm, then he wiped his head, then he washed his right foot until he reached his shin, then he washed his left foot until he reached his shin, and then he said: “I saw that this is how the Messenger of Allah performed ablutionﷺ, who said: “By performing ablution properly on the Day of Resurrection, you will have white stars on your foreheads and white rings on your hands and feet, so let him of you who is able to increase his star and his rings do so.”(Muslim).

Ruling (hukm) regarding ablution

1. Performing ablution becomes obligatory (fard) in the case when a person in a state of minor defilement wishes to perform prayer (salat), be it funeral prayer (janazah) or prostration (sajah) while reading (tilyawa) certain verses Koran.

Allah Almighty said (meaning): “O you who believe! When you begin prayer, wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, and wipe your heads, and (wash) your feet up to the ankles...” (Surah Al-Maida, verse 6).

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Prayer will not be accepted from the defiled person until he performs ablution.” (Al-Bukhari).

2. Ablution must be performed (wajib) before circumambulation (tawaf) of the Kaaba, since circumambulation is a type of worship similar to prayer.

The Prophet ﷺ said: “Circleing around the House (Kaaba) is similar to prayer, except that during this circumambulation you talk. Let the one who begins to talk while walking around speak only about good.” (At-Tirmidhi; an-Nasai; al-Hakim).

3. It is advisable to perform ablution (mandub) periodically, since the Prophet ﷺ constantly did this. In addition, it is advisable to perform ablution after renouncing sins and making repentance (tawbah).

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When a slave (of Allah) ﷻ ), a professing Islam (or: a believing slave), performs ablution and washes his face, everything sinful that he looked at with his own eyes disappears from his face along with water (or: along with the last drop of water); when he washes his hands, all the sinful things that he took with them come off his hands along with the water, and when he washes his feet, all the sinful things that they were heading for come off his feet along with the water (and so on until then) until he comes out free from sins" (Muslim).

It was reported from Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Sins will leave the body of the one who performs ablution properly, even coming out from under his nails.” (Muslim).

Ablution before bed

Al-Bara bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: “Oh so-and-so, if you want to go to bed, perform the same ablution that you do before prayer; lie down on your right side and say: "Oh Allah ﷻ, I surrendered to You and turned my face to You, and entrusted My work to You, and I turned to You in search of refuge at my desire and out of fear (of You). There is no refuge and no salvation from You except (turning to) You! I believed in Your Scripture, which You sent down, and in Your Prophet ﷺ whom You sent (Allahumma, inni aslyamtu nafsi ilyayka, wa vajjahtu wajhi ilyayka, wa favvadtu amri ilyayka wa alja "tu zahri ilyayka ragbatan wa rahbatan ilyayka. La malja"a wa la manja minka illya ilyayka! Amantu bikitabika-l-lyazi anzalta wa Binabiyika -l-lyazi arsalta)".And, truly, if you die this night, you will (die) in the state inherent in you from birth, and if you live until the morning, you will find good.”(Al-Bukhari; Muslim).

Literature used: “Hashiyatu Takhtavi”, p. 91; "Imdadul Fatah", p. 80; "Fikhu Muyassar", page 41

Without special ablution it is impossible to perform a single prayer. After all, one can appear before Allah only after being ritually purified. This procedure is important and raises many questions among women. Therefore, let's figure out how to properly perform full and small ablutions for women.

There are two types: small ablution and complete ablution.

How to perform ablution correctly

Complete ablution is called ghusl in Islamic culture. For women, it is performed after sexual intercourse with a man, postpartum bleeding, the end of critical days, as well as before prayers on Fridays and for holiday prayers.

Let us describe how to properly perform a full ablution for women point by point:

• First, you need to have an intention in your heart and say that you intend to perform a complete ablution for the pleasure and blessing of Allah.
• Before undressing, say: “Bismillah” to begin your action with the name of the Gracious and Merciful.
• Wash your hands three times.
• Wash thoroughly, clean the genitals from traces of intimacy, menstruation, etc.
• Perform small ablutions.
• Pour water over the entire body three times: start with the head, then move to the shoulders: first the right, then the left; wash your entire body and only wash your legs at the very end.

If a woman has her hair tied up during complete ablution, there is no need to deliberately let it go. The main thing is that while pouring, the roots of the hair are wet. It is also necessary to remember that complete ablution is considered completed if a Muslim woman has washed her entire body, cleared her nose and rinsed her mouth.

How to do ablution correctly

Lesser ablution is called wudu. When is small ablution necessary for a woman? For example, after a complete ablution, you visited the restroom, fell asleep, fainted, started bleeding, began to pus, vomited, or became intoxicated or any other type of mental confusion. Touching the genitals also obliges one to perform wudhu.

How to properly perform ablution for a woman:

• It is necessary to begin small ablution with words about the intention to perform the ritual for the pleasure of Allah.
• Next, you need to say: “Bismillah” to begin the small ablution in the name of the compassionate protector.
• Wash your hands up to your wrists.
• Rinse your mouth three times.
• Clean your nose three times.
• Wash your face three times.
• Wash your hands again, but this time up to the elbows (also three times).
• Wipe your head and clean your ears: wipe the inside with your index fingers, and wipe the outside with your first fingers. All these manipulations are repeated only once.
• At the end of the small ablution, wash your feet three times. The first time you need to rinse between your fingers.

Ablution is an important but not difficult process before appearing before Allah Almighty. If you know all the nuances and perform them in the required sequence, this will ensure the ritual purity of a Muslim woman before

It is important not only to perform daily prayers in the correct order, but also to learn how to do Taharat before each of them. It consists of several types of ablution that every believer is required to do. Look in more detail at what Taharat consists of in this article.

How to do ablution correctly - what does the external Taharat consist of?

There are two main types of ablution:

• Small ablution - Wudu.
• Full or large ablution - Ghusul.

In addition to these, there are the following responsibilities: brushing teeth, washing all clothes and shoes, dry ablution using a stone or earth, and washing are acceptable.

Before prayer, a small ablution is performed; for a complete ablution, there are special cases, which will be discussed in more detail later.

How to do ablution correctly

A believer must have the intention to cleanse himself of sins and be morally pure; without this thought in your head, you simply wash your face and do not perform a ritual. First, calm down and put your thoughts in order, express your desire to perform Taharat, usually this is done out loud with the words “Bismil lahi raakhmani raahim,” which is considered a request for help in performing this ritual.

• Now begin ablution by washing your hands. First the right one and only then the left one. Be sure to rinse all areas, even if you have rings and bracelets. Remove them or move them from place to place. You need to wash all your hands, including your wrists.
• Use your right hand to scoop up water and rinse your mouth three times.
• Rinse your sinuses three times; you also need to draw water with your right hand, and blow your nose and wipe your nose with your left.
• Wash your face well with both hands three times.
• Wash your hands again, but this time up to the elbow. The right hand is washed first.
• Wash your hair, at least a quarter of your head. This is done with wet hands.
• Now rinse your ears: both inside and outside. Wash your hands afterwards.
• You need to wipe your neck.
• Place a container of water under your feet. Wash your right foot first, then your left. Don't forget the area between your toes and ankles. Finish washing each foot with your little finger.

You are allowed to moisten the water with a cloth, only after that you can start praying.

How to do complete ablution

This ritual is performed only after various desecrations, for example, before fasting or going to the mosque, after childbirth in women or illness.

This type of ablution includes small ablution and several other actions:

• First you need to wash your hands and all places that are subject to mandatory concealment.
• Perform small ablution from beginning to end.
• Wash your head three times, then all parts of your body three times too.
• Wash your feet again.

Water in all types of ablution should be clean, odorless and impurity-free.

When can you perform dry ablution?

There is a list of when a person can avoid touching water during Taharat:

• Any source of water is more than 1900 meters away from you.
• You are sick and cannot contact water.
• There is an obstacle that you cannot overcome.
• It's too cold to use water.
• If this leads to thirst, due to your small supply of fresh water.

In this case, you rub your hands on the ground, leaning with your entire palm. Earth or sand appears instead of water.

Complete ablution is called ghusl. This is the process of pouring water over the entire surface of the body. A woman is required to perform a complete ablution after the cessation or postpartum bleeding, as well as after intimacy.

Procedure for performing complete ablution:

• Make (niyat) the intention with the words: “I intend to perform a complete ablution for the pleasure of Allah Almighty.”


• Before undressing, you must say the words: “Bismillah” (In the name of Allah). Since a naked person cannot say a prayer and it is undesirable to talk.


• First of all, you need to wash your hands.


• Wash yourself, wash your private parts, remove everything unclean from your body.


• Perform a small ablution without washing only your feet.


• Pour water over the body three times, starting from the head and moving to the right shoulder, then to the left, wash the whole body, lastly the legs.

If the hair is braided, a woman is not required to undo it if nothing prevents water from reaching the roots of the hair. That is, there is no need to let your hair down, the water should get to the roots of the hair, but not necessarily the hair.

Full ablution is considered valid if a person has rinsed his mouth, washed his nose and washed his entire body. That is, three mandatory actions must be completed.

Lesser ablution

Lesser ablution is called wudu.

Procedure for performing small ablution:

• Intention: “I intend to perform ablution for the sake of the pleasure of Allah Almighty.”


• Saying the word: “Bismillah” (In the name of Allah).


• Washing hands up to wrists.


• Rinse your mouth three times.


• Rinse your nose three times (suck in water through your nose and blow your nose).


• Rinse your face three times.


• Wash your hands up to the elbows three times.


• Wiping the head, wetting the hands only once, wiping the ears without re-wetting the hands and neck with the back of the hand. You should rub the inside of your ears with your index fingers, and the outside with your thumbs (all this is done only once).


• Wash your feet three times. First, rinse once between your fingers.

Minor ablution is spoiled by any discharge from the genitals and anus (feces, urine, gases, etc.), discharge of blood, pus from the body, vomiting, loss of consciousness, sleep.

Without complete ablution, the minor ablution is considered invalid. After complete ablution, there is no need to take small ablution again.