Who was the Queen of England before Elizabeth 2. Queen Elizabeth II and the Royal Family
In London, in the family of the Duke and Duchess of York.
Queen Elizabeth usually celebrates her real birthday in the family circle, while the official birthday of the monarch in the UK is celebrated in June with a colorful military parade in central London.
According to the tradition established at the beginning of the 20th century by King Edward VII, the monarch’s birthday is celebrated in the UK on one of the Saturdays of June, depending on the weather (the king chose this date because the weather in June cannot spoil the national holiday).
Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor), as the future queen was named at birth, is from the Windsor dynasty. She is the eldest daughter of the Duke of York George, the future King George VI of Great Britain (1895-1952) and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (1900-2002).
Elizabeth received a good education at home, in addition to the usual school subjects, she was taught the basics of economics, jurisprudence and constitutional law. The curriculum also included lessons in horseback riding, dancing and music. Her mother introduced her to palace etiquette.
After the abdication of her uncle, King Edward VIII, and her father's accession to the throne in December 1936, 10-year-old Elizabeth became heir to the British throne and moved with her parents from Kensington to Buckingham Palace.
In preparation for political life, the future queen began attending constitutional history classes at Eton College.
At the outbreak of war in 1939 they were evacuated to Windsor Palace.
During World War II, Elizabeth insisted that her parents let her go to military service. She mastered the profession of a driver in a military transport training center, having received the qualification of a truck driver, learned how to change tires on a truck, disassemble and assemble a motor.
In 1945, Elizabeth worked in the Reserve Women's Territorial Services (Women's Auxiliary Territorial Service), where she ended the war with the rank of junior commander.
Elizabeth's close acquaintance with royal duties began in 1944, when she became a member of the Council of State and began to get involved in business, replacing George VI when he went on a trip to the fronts.
On February 6, 1952, King George VI died of a lung disease, and Elizabeth, who was at that time with her husband on vacation in Kenya, was declared Queen of Great Britain on the same day.
However, the official coronation ceremony of Elizabeth in Westminster Abbey in London took place only a year later, on June 2, 1953.
© Photo: Victoria and Albert Museum, LondonQueen Elizabeth II on her coronation day 2 June 1953. Photo from the exhibition "Royal Photography by Cecil Beaton"
© Photo: Victoria and Albert Museum, London
Since that time, she has been Queen Elizabeth II, head of state of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and is also the queen of 15 Commonwealth states (Australia, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Canada, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint -Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Jamaica), Head of the Anglican Church, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces and Lord of the Isle of Man. She was also Queen from May 29, 1953 to May 31, 1961. South Africa. In 1999, Australia put the status of the queen to a referendum, but the Australians preferred to keep her nominal status as head of state.
On November 20, 1947, Elizabeth married her distant relative, who, like her, is the great-great-grandson of Queen Victoria - Prince Philip Mountbatten, son of the Greek Prince Andrew, who was then an officer in the British Navy. She met him at the age of 13, when Philip was still a cadet at the Dortmouth Naval School. Becoming her husband, Philip received the title of Duke of Edinburgh.
In November 2007, the Queen and her husband the Duke of Edinburgh celebrated their "diamond wedding" - the sixtieth anniversary of their marriage. For the sake of such an occasion, the Queen allowed herself a little liberties - for one day they retired with her husband for romantic memories in Malta, where Prince Philip once served, and the young Princess Elizabeth visited him.
On December 29, 2010, Elizabeth II became a great-grandmother for the first time. On this day, her eldest grandson, Princess Anne's eldest son Peter Phillips, and his Canadian wife, Autumn Kelly, had a daughter. The girl became 12th in the British line of succession.
In 2006, Buckingham Palace released 80 fascinating facts from the life of Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain, thanks to which it became known that the Queen is fond of photography, loves to take pictures of her family members. In 1997, the Queen launched the first ever website of the British monarchy.
Since her youth, Elizabeth II has been a fan of the corgi, a noble hunting breed, several of which constantly accompany her on vacation. The Queen also introduced a new breed of dog, the Dorgi.
The Queen's other passion is horses and horse racing. She is a good rider herself and every year she watches the main competitions with interest, and also breeds horses in her stables.
The Queen speaks fluent French and does not need an interpreter during visits and audiences with representatives of Francophone countries.
Elizabeth is the oldest monarch in the history of Great Britain by age, but the record for the duration of the reign, set by Queen Victoria, who ruled for 63 years and seven months, is still only for her. To do this, she needs to stay on the throne until at least September 9, 2015.
In 2012, in honor of the 60th anniversary of the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, the famous Big Ben clock tower near the British Parliament building in London was officially.
The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources
Elizabeth fell in love with Philip at first sight: they met when she was 13 years old and he was 18. A well-built blond, a cadet of the Royal Naval College, right away. Correspondence began between her and Philip.
2. Elizabeth's parents were against her marriage to Philip
Philip comes from a royal family: at birth, he bore the title of Prince of Greece and Denmark. However, Philip's family was expelled from Greece. Leaving his native country, his relatives settled in Paris, and Philip was sent to London, where he studied, received the rank of midshipman and went to serve in the navy during World War II. Although the young man wrote long and tender letters to the future Queen of England from the front, Elizabeth's relatives were not at all delighted with the choice of their daughter. They believed that Philip was not a couple for the princess - his family was ruined. The only inheritance that Philip received from his father was a signet ring.
3. Philip had to give up his title and religion
The wedding of Philip and Elizabeth, however, still took place. True, for her sake the young man had to sacrifice a lot. So, he ceased to be called a Greek prince, became a British subject and switched from Orthodoxy to Anglicanism. He was ready to forever remain in history as the queen's husband.
4. The wedding of Elizabeth and Philip was modest
Elizabeth and Philip got married at the end of 1947 - then the war had just ended ... The wedding was played by royal standards, rather modest, although very beautiful. The dress for the main day in her life was sewn by court fashion designer Norman Hartnell, who was inspired by Sandro Botticelli's painting "Spring". “I discovered a Botticelli painting in the museum, which depicted a girl in ivory silk flowing along her body, strewn with jasmine flowers, asparagus and rosebuds. I recreated all this flora with the help of crystal beads and pearls,” he recalled. Elizabeth's head was adorned with her mother's precious tiara, and two pages carried a five-meter veil. The outfit was complemented by satin heeled sandals, the silver buckles of which were decorated with pearls.
5. Philip became the first to take the oath of allegiance to Elizabeth as queen.
Elizabeth and Philip after the wedding were inseparable. The girl took care of the house and was happy as a wife. Soon the couple had children - Charles and Anna. But in February 1952, the measured life of the family ended. The King of England and Elizabeth's father, George VI, died of a blood clot in his heart ... Philip was the first who, on bended knee, took an oath of allegiance to Elizabeth II as queen.
6. At first, Elizabeth forbade Philip from giving his children his last name.
After the coronation of Elizabeth, Philip had not only to leave the service in the navy, but to devote himself entirely to royal duties. He accompanied the queen on all trips, helped her in public affairs ... The man dreamed that his wife and children would bear his last name, but then the Windsors would officially cease to be rulers - and Mountbatten would become. The mere thought of this aroused indignation among all of Elizabeth's relatives. The Queen consulted with Prime Minister Winston Churchill and refused her husband's request to assign his surname to Charles and Anne. Philip was very worried and joked bitterly, calling himself the only person in the country who could not give his family name to his own children.
7. Philip and Elizabeth were on the verge of a divorce
In the mid-50s, Elizabeth was all absorbed in state affairs, and Philip suffered because he had to leave the service in the navy. The relationship of the spouses became cool and, perhaps, things even went to divorce - but the duke unexpectedly found himself in charity work. And then Elizabeth became pregnant again - and suddenly allowed her husband to give the newborn boy Andrew her last name. The fourth child of the royal couple, Edward, also received his father's surname. Thus, the couple's older children, Charles and Anna, have the surname Windsor, while the younger ones, Andrew and Edward, have Mountbatten-Windsor.
Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain- (Queen Elizabeth II) was born April 21, 1926 in London in the family of the Duke and Duchess of York. Queen Elizabeth usually celebrates her real birthday in the family circle, while the official birthday of the monarch in the UK ... ... Encyclopedia of newsmakers
Elizabeth II Elizabeth II ... Wikipedia
Elizabeth II Elizabeth II ... Wikipedia
From the Windsor dynasty. Queen of Great Britain since 1952. Daughter of George VI and Elizabeth. Married since 1947 to Philip, son of the Greek Prince Andrew (born 1921). Genus. 21 Apr. 1926 As a child, Elizabeth was educated at home. Except… … All the monarchs of the world
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- (אלישבע) Hebrew Other forms: Elisaveta, Elissiv (Old Slavic) Prod. forms: Liza Foreign language analogues: English. Elizabeth, Eliza Arab. اليزابيث arm ... Wikipedia
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- Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain. A look at the modern British monarchy, A. A. Polyakova. Everyone has heard about the English Queen Elizabeth II, but few people know what kind of person she is, how she lives and what it means to be a queen, especially in our time. This book will provide you…
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Queen of England- another iconic symbol of London. British Queen Elizabeth 2 has been on the throne for over sixty years.
During this time, the map of the planet changed many times, states appeared and disappeared, coups, revolutions and wars took place, and Her Royal Majesty Elizabeth 2 personified the stability and sustainable development of her country - Great Britain.
Neither fascism, nor communism, nor any form of extremism has gone through here. Great Britain and her queen were, are and always will be.
And although the great imperial times are long gone, the glory of Britain does not fade, the country is developing, its standard of living has been and remains one of the highest in the world, and millions of subjects love Queen Elizabeth of England. The recently magnificently celebrated diamond anniversary of her reign - the sixtieth anniversary - is direct evidence of this.
was bornElizabeth Alexandra Mary (full name Queen Elizabeth 2) April 21, 1926 in a London area that remains wealthy and aristocratic to this day. The house where the future queen was born, unfortunately, has not been preserved, but even today, wandering through the streets near Berkeley Square and Brewton Street, it is quite possible to feel the spirit of the glorious Windsor past.
In 1947, Princess Elizabeth got married for Lieutenant of the British Navy Philippa Mountbatten, a member of several royal families in Europe, the great-grandson of three monarchs, including the Russian Emperor Nicholas 2. The queen had the only younger sister, Princess Margaret (1930 - 2002).
Elizabeth became British monarch February 6, 1952 after the death of his father George 6. The coronation took place June 2, 1953 in Westminster Abbey.
During this time, together with her, the country was ruled by more than a dozen prime ministers and several thousand deputies of the House of Lords and the House of Commons. Queen Elizabeth 2 experienced both sad and joyful moments in the history of the country, crises, wars, the Olympics, the World and European Football Championships, the flight of the British into space and much, much more.
The Queen of Great Britain lives in, in the very center of London.
The palace is closed to visitors. Only a few of its halls open to tourists in the summer, when Her Royal Majesty leaves for one of her country residences.
During normal times, country residences are open to the public, unlike Buckingham Palace.
One of the most interesting country residences of the Queen is the Palace with a huge garden, located in.
It's 20 miles east of London.
The Queen and her husband Philip, Duke of Edinburgh have four children. Queen Elizabeth's Children 2: The Prince Charles, Princess Anna, prince Andrew and prince Edward.
The image of Queen Elizabeth II and the English monarchy as a whole appears in London at every step - in souvenirs, in the names of streets, squares, theaters and pubs, in street advertising, and it seems even in the very air of London.
In honor of the anniversary of Elizabeth II, we present a selection of photographs taken in different years from the archives of the Press Association.
Princess Elizabeth was born on April 21, 1926 in London. She was the first child of Duke Albert of York and his wife, nee Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon.
Princess Elizabeth at the entrance to the Olympia Exhibition Center, where the Royal Tournament was held. Close relatives called the little princess Elizabeth Lilibet. Her cousin Margaret Rhodes said she was "a cheerful little girl, yet very intelligent and obedient."
In this photograph, the Princess shakes hands with a military officer during the Royal Tournament, which she arrived with her family in 1936.
In 1940, 14-year-old Princess Elizabeth was a guest on the Children's Hour radio program. She sent her best wishes to the children evacuated from Britain to the US, Canada and other countries during the worst times for Britain during the Second World War. This is the very first recording of the future queen in the BBC archives.
Princess Elizabeth (now Queen Elizabeth II) driving a military vehicle
The royal family was offered to leave Britain for Canada for security purposes, but the king and queen refused. The children were taken to Windsor Castle. “We left for the weekend and stayed for five years,” they later said. AT Last year During the war, Elizabeth herself tried on a military uniform, joining the Women's Auxiliary Territorial Corps (ATS). She spent three weeks with other hand-picked recruits, learning basic auto mechanics and driving a truck.
On November 20, 1947, she married her fourth cousin, Prince Philip of Greece, at Westminster Abbey.
Their first child Charles was born in 1948. For several years, the couple enjoyed a relatively ordinary life. Charles' sister Anna was born in 1950.
Elizabeth and Philip lived with their children at Clarence House in London. Her father was terminally ill with lung cancer. In January 1952, while on a visit to Kenya, Elizabeth learned of the king's death. Already queen, she immediately returned to London.
Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Charles, Princess Anne, the Duke of Edinburgh, the Queen Mother and the Duke of Gloucester watch the air parade of the Royal Armed Forces after the coronation on the balcony of Buckingham Palace. Her coronation in June 1953 was televised. Millions of people - many of them for the first time - gathered at the television screens to watch Queen Elizabeth II take the oath.
Queen Elizabeth II in the library at Sandringham Palace after her first televised address to the nation on Christmas Day
In this photo taken in 1957, the Queen is seen sitting in the library at Sandringham Palace after her first televised address to the nation on Christmas Day. Elizabeth is holding a book, The Pilgrim's Progress to the Heavenly Land, from which she read a few lines in the course of her speech.
1963 The queen in a side saddle returns to Buckingham Palace after attending a military parade. Elizabeth has attended Trooping the Color to celebrate the monarch's birthday every year of her reign, with the exception of once in 1955, when it had to be canceled due to a general rail strike. The Queen began traveling by carriage in 1987.
England captain Bobby Moore holds the Queen's Jules Rimet Trophy after his team beat West Germany 4-2 in the World Cup Final at Wembley Stadium in 1966.
In 1969, Queen Elizabeth II formally invested her son, Prince Charles, with the Prince of Wales Crown in a ceremony at Caernarvon Castle. In fact, he took the title at the age of nine, but the queen insisted that the ceremony be postponed until a time when he was fully aware of its significance.
Queen with her corgis
In this picture, the Queen sits with her Corgis in the village of Virginia Water during the Royal Windsor Horse Show. In total, the Queen has had over 30 Corgis, many of whom are descendants of her first dog, Susan. Now she only has two - Holly and Willow - and she does not plan to have more.
Queen Elizabeth II walks in Portsmouth during the Silver Jubilee celebrations
In 1977, the Queen celebrated her 25th birthday on the throne with a large-scale tour of Britain - in 10 weeks she visited 36 counties. She also traveled the world, covering a total of 56 thousand miles (more than 90 thousand kilometers).
Queen Elizabeth II with a Jersey cow given to her at an exhibition at Le Petit Catel in Saint John Parish, Jersey
Queen Elizabeth II with a Jersey cow given to her at an exhibition at Le Petit Catel in Saint John Parish, Jersey. Over the years, the queen has been given an impressive number of animals, including a canary from Germany, jaguars and sloths from Brazil, two black beavers from the Seychelles, and an elephant named Jumbo from Cameroon. All of them were placed in the London Zoo.
Queen with a Rollei camera
The Queen often photographs herself. She is photographed here with a Rollei camera during a visit to Tuvalu in 1982.
An official photo of The Queen Mother, Queen Elizabeth II, Prince William, Prince Harry and the Prince and Princess of Wales following Harry's christening in 1984. The Queen has eight grandchildren and five great-grandchildren.
Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh at the Badaling site on the Great Wall of China on the third day of their state visit to the country in 1986. No British monarch has ever traveled to mainland China, let alone visited the wall, so this royal visit is historic.
1991 Queen Elizabeth II invites Dutch Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers to sit in an empty seat in the Music Room at Buckingham Palace ahead of the G7 leaders' meeting.
Queen Elizabeth II inspects Windsor Castle after the fire in 1992. She called this year "annus horribilis" (terrible year), since at the same time Princess Anne divorced and the Duke and Duchess of York, as well as the Prince and Princess of Wales, parted.
After the death of Diana, Princess of Wales, the royal family was criticized for the restraint of the official reaction to her death. The queen was accused of indifference and isolation from the mood of society. This outburst of anger struck Elizabeth, and she admitted that "there is a need to learn from her life and the extraordinary reaction of society to her death."
In this photograph taken in 1999, the Queen is seen drinking tea at Susan McCarron's home in Glasgow. Her visit was part of a new, more personal and informal approach for the royal family to communicate with subjects. Elizabeth II prefers to drink Earl Gray tea with milk and without sugar.
The Prince of Wales leaves St George's Chapel, Windsor after marrying Camilla Parker-Bowles. Queen Elizabeth II attended the religious part of the wedding, but did not attend the secular ceremony. At the wedding celebration, the queen told the guests that her son "found his happiness with the woman he loves."
The Queen on stage outside Buckingham Palace with Charles, Camilla and pop stars at her Diamond Jubilee concert.
Elizabeth on a steam-powered train in Scotland
By 5:30 p.m. on September 9, 2015, Elizabeth II had ruled for 23,226 days, 16 hours, and approximately 30 minutes. On this day, she broke the record of her great-great-grandmother Queen Victoria. While in Scotland, she thanked many well-wishers at home and abroad for "their touching messages of kindness". Together with Prince Philip, she rode a steam-powered train from Edinburgh to the village of Tweedbank, where she officially opened the new Scottish Railway.
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