Water pump for heating: consider water pumps for heating a private house. Calculation of a pump for a heating system: selecting the optimal pump based on key parameters How to choose a circulating pump for heating

In order to install a water heating system with forced circulation, it is necessary to correctly select and install a circulation pump in it, which will provide it. Currently, there is a wide variety of models of different designs and with different characteristics. Which one and how to choose? In this article we will look at how to select a circulation pump for a heating system yourself.

Main selection criteria

In order to select a circulation pump for a heating system, it is necessary to determine its main characteristics that will be required during its operation: the operating pressure (pressure) and flow rate (supply) that it must provide. And in order to determine them, it is necessary to know both the power of the heating system itself and its hydraulic resistance. Both of these indicators can be calculated more accurately, using complex calculations, or simplified, using a calculation that almost anyone can do. We will consider it.

Heating system power and required flow

As we have already said, when selecting a circulation pump for a heating system, first of all, you need to determine its thermal power. It must correspond to the amount of heat required to heat the building, which, in turn, is determined by its area and the level of thermal insulation of external structures (walls, floors, ceilings, windows, doors). To calculate this indicator accurately, it is necessary to take into account their thickness, material, design and other factors.

In order to simplify the calculation, you can take an average of 100-150 W of thermal energy for every 1 m2 of room, with a ceiling height of up to 3 m. If the building is insulated well enough, you can take a lower value. So, for example, a well-insulated house with an area of ​​100 m2 will require heating with a thermal power of 10 kW. If the circulation pump is installed in an existing system with natural circulation, then its power can be found out from the technical characteristics of the boiler that is installed.

Now, knowing the required heating power, you can determine the required performance (flow) of the circulation pump using one of the following formulas:

P = Q/(1.16 x ΔT),(kg/h)

• Q– thermal power of the heating system (W);
• ΔT– the temperature difference between the supply and return pipes (for two-pipe systems is usually taken within 20°C, and for heated floors – about 5°C);
• 1,16 – coefficient of specific heat capacity of water, W× h/kg× °C(for other types of coolants this indicator will be slightly different and can be found in reference books or on the Internet).

Another formula that can be used to calculate the required performance:

P = 3.6 x Q/(c × ΔT),(kg/h)

Where: With– specific heat capacity of the coolant (for water it is 4,2 kJ/kg×°С).

For example, for the thermal energy power of 10 kW discussed above and a two-pipe water heating system, using the first formula we obtain:

P = 10000/(1.16×20) = 431 kg/h or 0.43 m 3 /h(for coolant water 1kg=1l).

Hydraulic resistance and required pressure

In order to select a pump for a heating system based on this parameter, it is necessary to calculate the hydraulic resistance that it will need to overcome to ensure normal circulation of the coolant (water). To calculate, you can use the following formula:

J = (F+R×L)/p×g(m)

• L– length of the system to the most distant radiator (m);
• R– hydraulic resistance of a straight pipe section (Pa/m);
• p– coolant density (for water – 1000 kg/m3);
• F– resistance of connecting and shut-off valves (Pa);
• g– 9.8 m/s2 (gravitational acceleration).

To accurately calculate the value R And F can be found in the reference literature. For simplicity, we can accept the averaged data obtained experimentally:
R— within 100-150 Pa/m;
F– depending on the type:

• in each connecting fitting, about 30% is lost additionally to the losses in a straight pipe in this section;
• in a three-way mixer or similar devices – additionally up to 20%;
• in thermostats – up to 70% of losses in a straight pipe.

In addition to the above, you can use another formula proposed by specialists from the famous German company Wilo:

J = R× L × k, m

Where: k– coefficient taking into account the resistance in shut-off and control valves and which has the following values:

• 1.3 – for simple systems without complex fittings;
• 2.2 – with control valves;
• 2.6 – for more complex ones.

If one pump will provide circulation in a heating system with several circuits (branches), then to select it it is necessary to take into account their total resistance. If it is planned to install a separate pump for each circuit, then each such branch of the line must be calculated separately, both in terms of thermal power and hydraulic resistance. At the same time, the number of storeys of the building does not play a big role when calculating the pressure. Since in a closed system the liquid columns of the supply and return lines are balanced.

How to choose a circulation pump based on the data received

Having calculated and now knowing the main required characteristics of the circulation pump, you can easily select the required option using the characteristics graphs that are in the operating instructions or data sheet of any model. As a rule, such graphs have two axes: pressure (pressure) and flow (feed).

Rice. 1 Example of a graph of the characteristics of a circulation pump

We can plot the previously obtained results on the existing graph, plotting their values ​​along the corresponding axes, and at their intersection we can obtain a working point, which should be slightly below the line IN a graph displaying the characteristics of a given pump (the best option is A2). If the point is above ( A3) – such a pump is not suitable, it will not be able to provide the necessary circulation. If the operating point is significantly below the schedule ( A1), this is also not very good, since it will provide circulation, but having too large a reserve, it will consume more electricity, and its cost will also be higher than a pump with more modest characteristics.

Rice. 2 Selection of a pump according to its characteristics graph

If the model has not one, but 2 or 3 speeds, then the lines on the characteristics graph will be, respectively, 2 or 3. In this case, it is necessary to select a pump for the heating system according to the schedule of the speed at which it is supposed to be operated.

Other factors influencing choice

In addition to the main characteristics discussed above, the selection of a circulation pump for a heating system is influenced by other factors, such as: reliability, workmanship, operating temperature, cost, connection method, etc.

Workmanship, reliability and durability are usually directly related to cost. Manufacturers that offer reliable and high-quality models, for example: Grundfos (Denmark), Wilo (Germany), DAB, Lowara, Ebara and Pedrollo (Italy), evaluate their products accordingly.

wilo circulation pump in a heating system

Domestic or Chinese models are cheaper, but the guarantee of their quality is correspondingly lower. Here everyone must make a choice themselves, choose a quality product at a higher price or buy a cheaper circulation pump, with the knowledge that it may have to be changed soon.

If you want to save money, you can also buy used “Grundfos” or “Wilo”; often they can work normally longer than new Chinese ones, but it is better to purchase them from familiar, trusted specialists who give a certain guarantee.

In addition, when choosing, you need to pay attention to the type and diameter of the connection between the pump and the system pipes. Some models are equipped with “American” type connecting elements, while for some you will have to select them yourself.
Another parameter that you need to pay attention to is the operating temperature of the circulation pump, which should be in the passport. This is especially important if it is installed on the supply pipe in a system with a solid fuel boiler. In this case, the maximum permissible temperature must be at least 110°C. If the pump is installed on the “return”, then this is not so important, since the temperature at the boiler inlet rarely exceeds 80°C.

To improve the quality of heating, it is necessary to install a circulation pump. A model that is correctly selected according to the main parameters will speed up the movement of hot water along the circuit several times. This will provide more uniform and high-quality heating and at the same time help reduce resource consumption. The result is good operation of the heating system and minimal payment. How to calculate the power of a heating circulation pump in order to improve home heating and optimize payment costs?

Circulation pump in the heating system

What you need to know to calculate the power of the circulation pump

• creating a water pressure sufficient to overcome the hydraulic resistance of the system components;
• pumping such a volume of hot water through the circuit that will ensure effective heating of all rooms of the building.

To fully calculate the power of the heating circulation pump, it is necessary to determine the following parameters:

• Pump flow (also called performance or flow). This is an indicator of the volume of water that the device can pump in 1 hour. Consumption is measured in m.cub./h.
• Pressure This indicator determines the hydraulic resistance that the pump overcomes and is measured in meters.

It is advisable to have an experienced engineer handle the calculations. If it is not possible to contact a specialist, you can find out the necessary indicators using formulas and tables. Having determined the pressure and flow rate of the pump, calculate the required performance and select the appropriate model from the catalog. If you buy a device with adjustable performance, the task is even easier. In this case, small errors in calculations will not be fundamentally important.

How to find out the pump flow rate

The calculation formula looks like this: Q=0.86R/TF-TR

Q – pump flow rate in m.cub./h;

R – thermal power in kW;

TF – coolant temperature in degrees Celsius at the system inlet,

TR – at the exit.

Layout of the heating circulation pump in the system

Three options for calculating thermal power

Difficulties may arise in determining the thermal power index (R), so it is better to focus on generally accepted standards.

Option 1. In European countries, it is customary to take into account the following indicators:

• 100 W/sq.m. – for small private houses;
• 70 W/sq.m. – for high-rise buildings;
• 30-50 W/sq.m. – for industrial and well-insulated residential premises.

Option 2. European standards are well suited for regions with mild climates. However, in the northern regions, where there are severe frosts, it is better to focus on the standards of SNiP 2.04.07-86 “Heating networks”, which take into account external temperatures down to -30 degrees Celsius:

• 173-177 W/sq.m. – for small buildings whose number of storeys does not exceed two;
• 97-101 W/sq.m. – for houses of 3-4 floors.

Option 3. Below is a table from which you can independently determine the required thermal power, taking into account the purpose, degree of wear and thermal insulation of the building.

Table: how to determine the required thermal power

Formula and tables for calculating hydraulic resistance

Viscous friction occurs in pipes, shut-off valves and any other components of the heating system, which leads to specific energy losses. This property of systems is called hydraulic resistance. A distinction is made between friction along the length (in pipes) and local hydraulic losses associated with the presence of valves, turns, areas where the diameter of pipes changes, etc. The hydraulic resistance indicator is denoted by the Latin letter “H” and measured in Pa (pascals).

Calculation formula: H=1.3*(R1L1+R2L2+Z1+Z2+….+ZN)/10000

R1, R2 indicate pressure loss (1 – supply, 2 – return) in Pa/m;

L1, L2 – pipeline length (1 – supply, 2 – return) in m;

Z1, Z2, ZN – hydraulic resistance of system components in Pa.

To facilitate calculations of pressure loss (R), you can use a special table that takes into account possible pipe diameters and provides additional information.

Averaged data for system elements

The hydraulic resistance of each element of the heating system is given in the technical documentation. Ideally, you should use the specifications specified by the manufacturers. In the absence of product passports, you can rely on approximate data:

• boilers – 1-5 kPa;
• radiators – 0.5 kPa;
• valves – 5-10 kPa;
• mixers – 2-4 kPa;
• heat meters – 15-20 kPa;
• check valves – 5-10 kPa;
• control valves – 10-20 kPa.

Information about the hydraulic resistance of pipes made of various materials can be calculated from the table below.

How to calculate a heating circulation pump based on boiler power

It often happens that the boiler is purchased in advance, and the remaining elements of the system are selected later, focusing on the power ratings of the heating device declared by the manufacturer. Often, a circulation pump is purchased to modernize heating systems with natural circulation, in order to provide the ability to accelerate the movement of the coolant.

If the boiler power is known, use the formula: Q=N/(t2-t1)

Q – pump flow rate in m.cub./h;

N – boiler power in W;

t2 – water temperature in degrees Celsius at the outlet of the boiler (input to the system);

t1 – on the return.

Graph of the relationship between pressure and flow characteristics. The closer points A and B are on the graph, the better the pump is suitable for the system

Video: selection of a heating circulation pump

Having determined the flow rate and pressure of the circulation pump, you can find a model suitable for the parameters. In this case, you should read the technical documentation for the devices and pay attention to the markings. Typically, the pump body indicates the diameter of the pipes to which they can be connected (the first digit of the marking) and the height of the liquid rise in decimeters (the second digit). Knowing the required characteristics, it is easy to decide. A high-quality three-speed model will ensure a comfortable temperature in the house in any weather, even if the calculations were not ideal.

In most private houses, an autonomous heating system is used to heat living spaces in cold weather. It is a pipeline network with coolant circulating from the heating boiler to the batteries. Moreover, the operating efficiency of all equipment largely depends on the difference in coolant temperature at the outlet and inlet of the heating boiler.

The smaller this value is, the less gas is required to maintain the required temperature in heated rooms. One way to solve this problem is to increase the speed of water passing through the pipeline. This is what a circulation pump is used for.

Variety of circulation pumps

Features of the heating option with natural coolant circulation

Heating systems with natural coolant circulation are of the open type. They include a heating boiler, a piping network, batteries and an expansion vessel in direct communication with the environment. The movement of the coolant, which is water, is carried out due to the laws of thermodynamics and under the influence of gravitational forces.

Open heating system with circulation pump

The density of hot water in the boiler decreases, and it rises up the riser. Then, under the influence of gravitational forces, it flows by gravity into the batteries, gives off heat to the heated rooms and returns again to the boiler. As the temperature of the liquid decreases, the density increases, and as a result, cold water pushes the water heated in the boiler upward, the cycle is completed. To ensure the movement of coolant by gravity, horizontal sections of the network are made with an inclination of at least one centimeter per linear meter of pipeline length.

Air bubbles trapped inside move with the water and come out in an expansion tank in contact with the atmosphere. The function of the expansion tank is to ensure stable pressure in the system. Excess water that expands when heated enters the compensation tank; when it cools, it is drained back, as a result, the internal pressure does not change.

Such heating equipment is characterized by low circulation pressure and high inertia, due to the significant volume of coolant required for the operation of the system.

Benefits of using a circulation pump

In heating systems with natural circulation of the coolant, its turnover rate is reduced due to the influence of friction forces, a decrease in flow speed at turning turns, and so on. In this case, there is a significant decrease in the outlet temperature, and a large amount of energy has to be expended to heat the water.

In a modern heating system, a circulation pump is required

The use of pipes of smaller diameter leads to only a partial solution to the problem; for this reason, in order to increase the turnover of the coolant, a water pump is used for heating. Its use has the following advantages:

• heat is distributed evenly throughout all rooms;
• the necessary pressure is provided;
• it becomes possible to use antifreeze as a coolant;
• rotation speed control is provided;
• uninterrupted workflow thanks to automatic control;
• long service life.

Types of pumps for water circulation

A natural question arises, which pump to choose for domestic purposes? The device for pumping water is an electric motor with an impeller located on its shaft. When its blades rotate, as a result of centrifugal forces, the required operating pressure is created in the pumped liquid flow. An electric motor consists of a housing, a stationary stator and a rotor rotating inside it.

Examples of pump housings made of steel, brass and cast iron

The housings of the units are made of alloys of cast iron, steel, aluminum, brass or bronze. Rotors are made of steel or ceramic. If the rotating part has contact with the pumped liquid, then this pump design is called “wet”, otherwise it is called “dry”. These are the main types of the device in question, in addition to this, they often differ in the type of power supply and other operational characteristics.

In what cases are dry rotor pumps suitable?

The main advantage of dry rotor pumps is their high efficiency of about eighty percent. However, during operation they require regular maintenance, since solid inclusions in the fluid flow can damage the O-rings and cause depressurization of the equipment. In addition, pumps of this type make a lot of noise during operation, which is why they should be installed in a separate room.

Appearance and design of a dry rotor pump

It becomes clear that pumps with a dry rotor are convenient to use in large heating networks, where saving electrical energy, determined by the high performance of this type of equipment, is of great importance. Owners of small private houses have difficulty carrying out regular maintenance; it is not always possible to choose a separate room for installation, and performance is not such an important parameter in domestic conditions.

Application range of glandless pumps

A distinctive characteristic of the design of wet rotor pumps is that their rotating part is immersed in water, which provides lubrication and cooling of the device. The electrical part of the stator, to which the supply voltage is supplied, is enclosed in a sealed glass. During operation, pumping equipment of this type makes very little noise, does not require regular maintenance, is easy to install, and is light in weight and size.

Gland pump design

The main disadvantage is the low efficiency of about fifty percent. As a result, wet rotor pumps are used in heating systems with a short pipeline network, which is most often installed in small private houses.

Which pump to choose?

When choosing a circulation pump, it is necessary to take into account the totality of its operational characteristics and the features of the device. In addition, the type of heating system available, the size of the area of ​​the heated premises, the volume of circulating coolant, the condition of the boiler and pipeline network are important. As a result, in order to choose the right pump for heating, you need to pay attention to the following parameters of the pumping equipment:

• power indicators;
• maximum temperature of the working fluid;
• internal pressure;
• performance value;
• the amount of electrical energy consumption.

When choosing, you should carefully study the characteristics of the pump

You should not focus on the maximum values, but select the average characteristics for a given type of heating system. Equipment rarely operates at peak load; excessively powerful units will waste a lot of energy resources. This approach will reduce the cost of money not only at the acquisition stage, but also during the maintenance process.

Selecting a circulation pump based on technical characteristics

It is important to choose the right water pump according to its characteristics. There are special formulas for calculating the operational characteristics of heating and pumping equipment. When choosing a water pump for a private home, you can use the following average values:

• The performance of the circulation pump must correspond to the power of the heating boiler. That is, if the power of the boiler equipment is forty kilowatts, then the pump pumps forty liters of coolant per minute.
• The height provided by the pump to which it is capable of raising the water column, or in other words, the value of its pressure, is taken equal to 0.6 per ten meters of the length of the pipeline network. That is, if the total length of the heating system pipes is forty meters, then the pump pressure should not be less than 2.4 meters. This parameter must be indicated in the technical data sheet of the product.
• Depending on the size of the pipe cross-section, the electrical power of the pumping equipment is selected. The hydraulic resistance of fluid flow increases with decreasing pipeline diameter, that is, heating systems with small pipe diameters require more powerful pumps.
• The amount of heat transfer to heated rooms depends on the speed of movement of the coolant. It is necessary to choose models with the ability to change this parameter, which will allow you to adapt to temperature fluctuations in the external environment. In any case, you should not accelerate the coolant until the silent circulation threshold is exceeded.

Pay attention to additional options

If the parameters of the heating system differ from the statistical average, you need to adjust the technical characteristics values ​​up or down. For example, if a well-insulated small house has powerful boiler equipment, it makes sense to install a low-capacity circulation pump.

Various options for connecting the circulation pump

In case of insufficient boiler power, which does not ensure the maintenance of a comfortable temperature in living quarters during extreme cold, it is necessary, as a temporary measure, to install a high-performance pump. In the future, you will need to insulate the house or install another boiler.

You must also pay attention to the maximum coolant temperature for which a particular pump is designed. What matters is the material from which its body is made, the presence of protection against dry running and overheating. The pumping equipment is connected to the pipeline network using a flanged or threaded method, so you should choose the option that is more suitable for installation.

The best manufacturers and specific models

Circulation pumps are complex products, and decisions regarding the purchase of this type of product should be made in accordance with the general principles for selecting equipment. If possible, you should prefer well-established European manufacturers. Specifications for specific models are presented in the following table.

Technical characteristics of circulation pumps
Pump brand	Productivity, l/min	Head, m	Number of speeds	Maximum pressure, Atm	Power, W	Price, %
Caliber NTs-15/6	40	6	3	6	90	100
BELAMOS BRS25/4G	48	4,5	3	10	72	119
Elitech NP 1216/9E	23	9	1	10	105	204
Marina-Speroni SCR 25/40-180 S	50	4	1	10	60	222
Wilo Star-RS 15/2-130	42	2,6	3		45	260
Gilex Compass 25/80 280	133	8,5	3	6	220	268
Grundfos UPA 15-90	25	8	1	6	120	300
Grundfos UPS 25-80	130	6	3	10	170	660

Rules for installing a circulation pump

General diagram of installation of a circulation pump in a heating system

In order for the circulation pump to operate smoothly for a long time, it must be installed correctly. When inserting pumping equipment into the pipeline network, the following installation rules must be observed:

• Shut-off valves are installed at the inlet and outlet of the pump for ease of dismantling if necessary;
• installation of a special filter in the inlet circuit prevents the penetration of solid mechanical particles into the unit;
• to bleed air trapped in the system, an automatic or manual valve is installed in the bypass circuit;
• joints and threaded connections are sealed with gaskets and treated with heat-resistant sealant.

First of all, of course, the circulation pump must correspond to the characteristics of the boiler, which, in turn, are selected based on their heated area. Otherwise, if there is insufficient flow, the “extreme” batteries will be too cold.

The approximate formula for calculating the required performance is simple: Q = 0.86 x P/dt. Here P is the thermal power of the system, and dt is the temperature delta at the boiler outlet and return. That is, if we use a 40-kilowatt boiler and want to provide a delta of 20 degrees (usually this value is taken for normal operation), then in theory it will be enough for us to have a productivity of 1.72 cubic meters per minute. Then why did we list much more efficient pumps in the rating? Wait, that's not all.

During operation, the circulation pump must overcome the hydraulic resistance of the heating system. Please note that it is this that is important, and not the height of the system: the return balances the supply, that is, if the resistance was equal to zero, the pump would not actually be loaded with pumping. But in reality, pipes and radiators will always have resistance. A rough calculation for a two-pipe system gives the required lift height equal to the number of floors multiplied by a factor from 0.7 to 1.1; for a collector-beam system it increases to 1.16-1.85. That is, if we heat two floors with a “two-pipe”, and the boiler is in the basement, then the pump requires a lift height of about 3.3 m. Again, less than the pumps in the rating.

The fact is that volume height and pump performance are antagonists: increasing resistance inevitably limits performance. Therefore, each pump’s documentation contains a “height-performance” graph for each speed. So, the pump that suits us should have a graph such that the points of the required performance and lift height intersect approximately in the middle - such a “middle point” guarantees us that the pump will not be overloaded. This is especially important at the time of start-up, because the motor has to spin up immediately under load. Accordingly, the maximum performance and lift height figures for a properly selected pump will be higher than those obtained from the calculation.

Also keep in mind that glycol coolants have a higher viscosity compared to water, and the graphs are given specifically for water: you also need to make a reserve for this. In this case, the manufacturer must directly indicate in the pump characteristics the maximum concentration of propylene glycol in the coolant.

Finally, the pump itself must match the installation method(not everyone can work both horizontally and vertically), installation dimensions. Otherwise, the already assembled heating will have to be redone.

Evgeniy Sedov

When your hands grow from the right place, life is more fun :)

Content

Many residents of the private sector are familiar with the phenomenon of cold batteries. This happens due to insufficient fluid pressure in the heating system. To solve the problem once and for all, you need to select a water pump for heating, which is installed in the water supply system next to the boiler. How to choose the right device? What characteristics should you pay attention to? What brands of goods are in great demand in the market?

What is a heating pump

Heating designs with a natural whirlpool or recirculating supply can be quite effective, but only when serving small areas. For private houses and apartments with a large area, it is necessary to install a special device next to the boiler to force the movement of water through the system. A circulating pump is a technological device that operates in ring heating, continuously moving water through pipes. Its main task is to ensure continuous heat supply and water circulation in the system.

Circulation pump device

In a simplified version, the operating principle of such a technological device is based on the interaction of a motor and a rotor, which is immersed in a coolant. The motor provides a continuous supply of fluid, and the rotor helps convert kinetic energy into potential energy, thereby creating the required level of pressure in the system. However, in many ways, the high-quality and reliable operation of the circulation pump in the heating system depends on the type of device and its characteristics.

Species

Heating devices can be classified not only by brand name, but also by the characteristics and operating principle of the device. Thus, the types of circulating sediments are conventionally divided into only two types:

• A dry type ejector is characterized by the fact that the rotor part of the device does not come into contact with water. Such a heating pump at the output provides an efficiency of up to 85%, but creates a fair amount of noise, which is why it is preferable to install the device in separate gas boiler houses.
• Wet pumps are those devices in which the entire moving part is in constant contact with water. Warm liquid provides such technological devices with constant lubrication of parts and silent operation. The efficiency of circulation devices of the wet operating principle is only 50-65%, which is why it is preferable to install them in private homes.

Characteristics

To buy a circulation pump for heating, it is important to have a good understanding of its technical parameters. There are not too many characteristics that are worth focusing on. In fact, only two will be important for the common man:

• Pressure is the hydraulic resistance of the system. The value is measured in meters and, as a rule, is set by the value of the highest point of the pipeline.
• Productivity is a parameter showing how much liquid the device is capable of processing per unit of time. Productivity is measured in cubic meters per hour.

It is worth knowing that these concepts are inversely proportional. So the maximum power of the electric pump will be achieved at zero pipeline height, and the pressure at the same flow. Thanks to these basic characteristics, you can choose a model with optimal parameters for yourself. At the same time, the principle of choosing a device - the more productive, the better - is not suitable for achieving high performance. Purchasing the wrong unit will lead to a decrease in heat transfer and an increase in electricity consumption.

Marking

Before you finally select a pump for your heating system, you should familiarize yourself with and decipher the alphanumeric designations on the unit label. As a rule, the following characteristics are included in the marking of circulation pumps for heating systems:

• The letters UP indicate the type of unit. In this case, circulation.
• Then come the letters S/E, indicating the control method: step-by-step speed switching or smooth adjustment.
• After the letter characteristics come the numerical ones. The first block indicates the internal diameter in millimeters of narrow pipes, the second part indicates the maximum pressure in decimeters.
• The third numerical block is the millimeter value of the installation length. This indicator is important in case of insertion of the device.
• In addition, different manufacturers may indicate additional information on the label: type of housing material, method of connection to pipes, power or class of electricity consumption.

How to calculate the power of a circulation pump for heating

In order for the pump for circulating water in the system to fully meet the requirements, before purchasing it is necessary to calculate the power for the motor. If a unit is supplied with a performance index that is too high, the water in the pipes will make noise. Less power will not provide adequate heat. In fact, to correctly select a pumping device, it is necessary to calculate two quantities:

• engine performance;
• supply pressure.

The operating power will come from the total thermal output of the heating system. Simply put, the device must pump such a volume of liquid that it is enough to meet the needs of all radiators in the house. To calculate this, it is necessary to know the exact resource requirement for complete heating of the building. For private houses with an area of ​​100 square meters, this value will be 10 kW. The calculation itself should be made according to the following scheme X = 3600U (a * b), where:

• U – heat consumption for heating;
• A – thermal conductivity of water = 4.187 kJ/kg;
• B – temperature difference between the supply and return lines. As a rule, a value of 10-20 degrees is conventionally accepted.

Rules for installation in a heating system

In order for the water supply unit to serve for a long time and be convenient to maintain, a number of rules must be followed when inserting:

• For ease of dismantling, ball valves must be installed on both sides of the unit.
• To create a barrier to small mechanical particles, it is advisable to install a special filter in front of the device.
• It is advisable to install an automatic or manual air valve at the top of the bypass, which will remove accumulated oxygen from the system.
• Due to the fact that the installation of pumps in the heating system of different manufacturers has its own distinctive features, it is important to follow the installation direction indicated on the device body.
• It is always necessary to install the pump for water circulation in a wet-type heating system horizontally, so as not to damage the electric motor during operation. In this case, the terminals of the unit should always point clearly upward.
• Joints and threaded connections must be treated with sealants, and a gasket must be placed between the mating parts.

Buy a heating pump

How much a pump costs depends on the characteristics of the unit, power, as well as the country of origin or brand. The cheapest options are made in China, however, as practice shows, such devices are not the most reliable, although they are cheap. For trouble-free operation during the entire warranty period, it is better to buy time-tested circulation heating pumps from well-known brands. The following product rating will help you decide on the model.

Belamos

On the Russian market, the industrial company Belamos is a leading manufacturer and supplier of high-quality heating equipment. The following model of surface circulation unit is especially popular among representatives:

• Model name: Belamos BRS 25/4G.
• Price: the average cost in Moscow and St. Petersburg is 1800-2100 rubles.
• Characteristics: can withstand water heating up to 110 degrees, maximum pressure is 4.5 m, and throughput is 2.8 cubic meters of water per hour.
• Pros: ability to install vertically/horizontally, reasonable price, quiet operation, good build quality.
• Cons: the control unit is not sealed, the nuts included are not of the best quality.

The Belamos wet pump of higher power is not inferior in quality to its brother:

• Model name: Belamos BRS 32/8G (180mm).
• Price: on Yandex Market from 4738 rubles.
• Characteristics: cold water pressure – 8 m, permissible temperature +110/-10 degrees, W*H*D dimensions – 15*18*17 cm.
• Pros: there is a speed control system, good nuts and cable are included, the impeller is made of polymer.
• Cons: creates noise.

Dab

The sale of equipment from the Italian company DAB PUMPS in the Russian Federation has been carried out for more than 30 years. In addition, the company often holds promotions, thanks to which circulation systems of equipment can be purchased at a discount at very low prices. For example, you can often find the following model on sale:

• Model name: household pump dab VA 35/180.
• Price: you can buy from official representatives for 3,334 rubles, if you order by mail, the cost with delivery will be about 4,000 rubles.
• Characteristics: productivity - 3 cubic meters / hour, pressure -4.3 m, network voltage - 220-230 W.
• Pros: there is overheating protection, three rotor speeds.
• Cons: none identified.

Caliber

Among the inexpensive and trustworthy Chinese products, you can highlight heating equipment from the Caliber company. Among the wide range of units, the following device can be distinguished:

• Model name: pump caliber NTs – 90/B.
• Price: on Yandex Market from 2304 rubles.
• Characteristics: pressure max. – 6 m, power consumption – 90 W, throughput – 2.4 cubic meters/hour.
• Pros: reasonable price, economical energy consumption, ease of maintenance and installation.
• Cons: when the lights are turned off, it completely blocks the heating system.

Aquario

The international company Aquario will create competition for any of the above products. Among the wide assortment, it is difficult to choose models that stand out, but according to consumer reviews, the following deserve special attention:

• Model name: Aquario AC 159-160A.
• Price: 3200 rubles when purchased in online stores; when purchased in bulk on the official website, the price will be reduced.
• Characteristics: develops pressure up to 9 meters, runs on electricity with a power of 120 W, can process up to 1.75 cubic meters of liquid in an hour.
• Pros: there is the ability to artificially increase pressure, high performance, service life from 5 to 10 years.
• Cons: none identified.

Buyers also did not miss another Aquario model with more powerful performance:

• Model name: Aquario AC 1512-195A.
• Price: when ordering online 4582 rubles without delivery.
• Characteristics: develops pressure inside the system up to 12 m, maximum throughput – 2.79 cubic meters, consumes power up to 270 W.
• Pros: suitable for installation in any position, the motor runs silently.
• Cons: overpriced with average performance.

Calpeda

The largest Italian concern for the production of pumping and heating equipment presents to your attention the following products:

• Model name: Calpeda NCE 32-60/180.
• Price: 6316 rubles on the olx website.
• Characteristics: maximum pressure force - 5 m, throughput - 4 cubic meters per hour of operation, withstands temperatures up to 95 degrees.
• Pros: there is protection against overheating, the product belongs to the energy-saving class with marking A.
• Cons: slightly noisy during operation.

In addition, it is worth paying attention to a similar one produced by Calpeda, the body and internal parts of which are made of high-quality materials:

• Model name: Calpeda NC3 32-70/180.
• Price: 7354 rubles.
• Characteristics: throughput 4.5 cubic meters in 60 minutes, maximum liquid pressure – 70 meters, power consumption – 136 W.
• Pros: there is the possibility of installation in a water supply system, high-quality performance.
• Cons: high cost, can only be mounted in a vertical position.

Octopus

The BAPHA company presents a diverse line of circulation pumping stations, among which the following stands out especially clearly:

• Model name: Octopus GPD 25-4S-180.
• Price: from 5500 to 6000 rubles.
• Characteristics: mains operation with a power of 160 W, output water pressure of 3.5 meters, throughput per hour of 3 cubic meters of liquid.
• Pros: quiet engine operation, low overall weight.
• Cons: difficult to find on sale, only available for horizontal orientation.

In addition, it is worth paying attention to a similar product from the same company:

• Model name: SPRUT GPD 32-8S-180.
• Price: from 8000 to 9000 rubles.
• Characteristics: output water pressure is 7.3 meters, throughput per hour is 10 cubic meters.
• Pros: ability to choose the installation method, high performance, quick heating of the room.
• Cons: apart from the high cost, no other disadvantages have been identified.

Wester

Wester circulation units are characterized by a long service life, quiet operation and good quality parts:

• Model name: Wester WCP 25-40G.
• Price: 2127 rubles.
• Characteristics: a surface heating pump passes up to 2.5 cubic meters of liquid, creating a maximum permissible pressure in the system of up to 4 meters.
• Pros: installation in any position is available, the engine runs almost silently.
• Cons: Expensive compared to competitors.

Another model from the same company differs in its ability to create higher pressure inside the heating system:

• Model name: Wester WCP 15-90.
• Price: 3041 rubles.
• Characteristics: liquid throughput up to 1.5 cubic meters per hour, pressure – 9 meters, withstands temperatures up to 60 degrees.
• Pros: there is a pressure boost function.
• Cons: Vertical installation only.

Grundfos

Devices from Grundfos, popularly known under the nickname "Grundik", are distinguished by high performance, long service life and quality:

• Model name: Grundfos UPS 32-80 180.
• Price: you can buy a heating pump in a private house for 20,983 rubles.
• Characteristics: can create resistance up to 7.5 meters, has a throughput per hour of 11 cubic meters, the declared motor power is 135 W.
• Pros: ability to choose installation method, good quality, quiet operation, long service life.
• Cons: high cost.

Another good unit from the same company will surprise you with its efficiency in operation, without creating extraneous noise:

• Model name: heating pump Grundfos ALPHA2 25-40 180.

• Price: approximately 7615 rubles.
• Characteristics: the device produces a pressure of up to 4 meters, has the ability to pass up to 2.4 cubic meters of liquid per hour, consumes 22 W of power.
• Pros: there is automatic control of the water level in the system, a night mode function and a front control panel.
• Cons: none identified.

Heating pump Wilo

This heating device from the famous brand Vilo also has no worse parameters than its competitors:

• Model name: Wilo Star-RS 25/4.
• Price: 4087 rubles.
• Characteristics: a pump with a wet rotor produces up to 4 meters of pressure and pumps up to 3 cubic meters of water per hour of operation, the power declared by the seller is 22 W.
• Pros: there is a speed regulator, instructions.
• Cons: the design has only vertical mounting.

A small wilo heating pump will perfectly cope with the task in a small house or apartment:

• Model name: Wilo Star-Z Nova.
• Price: you can choose and purchase through the website for 5,759 rubles.
• Characteristics: creates pressure in the system up to 0.84 meters, and passes up to 0.36 cubic meters of water per hour of operation.
• Pros: helps save on electricity, heats well in small spaces, operates silently.
• Cons: high cost, only vertical connection method.

How to choose a heating pump

To make the right decision, the selection of a circulation pump must take into account the following requirements and rules:

• The unit must fully comply with the received power calculations. You need to calculate the performance in advance or ask the heating adjuster about it. Under no circumstances should you buy a product at random.
• In order for the pump to produce the pressure declared by the manufacturer, you need to select a device based on your pipe diameter. The larger the diameter, the more powerful it is worth buying the device.
• It is worth taking into account external weather conditions. If the pumping station is located in a separate room, then there is a high probability that the unit will freeze.