Blood from a vein for worms. What blood tests will help to determine helminthic invasion in a short time? Preparation for delivery
A more detailed and accurate picture of the infection of the body with worms can be seen from the results of a blood test.
Immunoenzymatic type of diagnostics
ELISA allows you to determine the amount of antibodies, the type of worms, the degree and duration of infection.
When infected with worms, the body begins to intensively produce immunoglobulins - a special type of IgM antibodies. An analysis for worms shows the presence of early antibodies for a maximum of a year after infection with helminths. After 12 months they disappear and never appear again. Instead of IgM, IgG antibodies arise, which remain in a person's blood for life.
What the result shows:
- high level of IgG - helminthic invasion is chronic;
- detection of IgM antibodies - the disease is in an acute stage;
- a high level of antibodies of both types is an exacerbation of chronic pathology.
Results can be found in 2-5 days. Negative - a titer of less than 1:100 - indicates the absence of antibodies to worms, the person is not infected. With a titer of more than 1:100, drug treatment is prescribed in accordance with the type of worms, the degree of infection. If the values are borderline, a re-surrender is required after 14 days.
Advantages and disadvantages of ELISA diagnostics
Enzyme immunoassay can be taken in almost any private or public laboratory, such an analysis for the presence of worms is inexpensive. ELISA allows you to diagnose infection at an early stage, track the dynamics of the development of the infectious process in the body, and the effectiveness of therapy.
Disadvantages of the method - sometimes false-positive and false-negative results of a blood test are possible. rheumatoid factor and some chronic diseases misrepresent diagnostics.
What other tests reveal worms?
If a child or adult is suspected of being infected with worms, it is necessary to undergo a comprehensive examination and submit all the necessary biomaterials to the laboratory.
In addition to the enzyme immunoassay, the following types of diagnostics are used to determine the infection of the body with worms:
- analysis of feces for eggs of worms and dysbacteriosis;
- scraping;
- general blood analysis;
- biochemical and serological studies.
1. Coprogram and scraping must be taken three times, with a break of 5-7 days. The results depend on the qualifications of the laboratory assistant, they have a large error. This type of diagnosis is necessary when a child enters a kindergarten, school, to obtain a certificate for the pool.
4. With helminthic invasions, hemoglobin values decrease, the number of eosinophils increases, the ESR rises to 15–20 mm/hour. A high white blood cell count may indicate infection.
An increased level of eosinophils can be caused not only by worms, but also by allergies. The maximum allowable value in adults is 5%. In children under 2 years old, the norm is 1-7%.
6. A biochemical blood test is aimed at assessing the level of activity of AST (one of the indicators of protein metabolism in the body), ALT (marker enzymes for the liver). In the presence of worms, the level of bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase increases.
Ascariasis is a dangerous disease that requires competent and thorough treatment. Before starting drug therapy, the diagnosis should be confirmed using modern diagnostic methods.
Types of diagnosis of the disease
The clinical picture of ascaris invasion depends on the stages of the life cycle of individuals and is in many ways similar to other diseases, therefore, for any ailment, you should seek help from a general practitioner, pediatrician or infectious disease specialist and take a general blood test.
Possible symptoms of ascariasis:
Fecal analysis for ascariasis is the easiest and most affordable way to detect helminthic invasion. To conduct research, you should:
- collect a few grams of fresh feces in a sterile container (sold in pharmacies);
- make sure that urine does not get on the feces;
- if necessary, store the material in the refrigerator for no more than 8-12 hours;
- bring feces to the laboratory.
If ascaris eggs are found in the stool, the doctor will immediately prescribe antihelminthic drugs. However, it should be remembered that this research method is more reliable in the later stages of infection and may give false-negative results during the "journey" of the larvae through the body.
The absence of eggs and particles of worms in the stool may indicate the following:
Blood test
- mechanical hepatitis;
- abscesses of internal organs;
- Chronical bronchitis;
- pneumonia;
- asphyxia;
- perforation of the intestinal wall;
- acute intestinal obstruction;
- duodenal ulcer;
- anemia;
- vision loss;
- peritonitis.
A blood test for ascariasis can be carried out from 7-10 days from the onset of infection, when antibodies to ascaris antigens (IgG) begin to be produced in the body.
For a blood test for roundworms, blood is taken from a vein. Donate blood on an empty stomach, no earlier than 8 hours after the last meal. You can drink water.
Deciphering the results:
- negative result (normal) - there are no IgG antibodies in the blood serum;
- doubtful result - the amount of antibodies is close to the borderline (re-examination is recommended after 2 weeks);
- a positive result is an antibody titer greater than 1:100.
A positive test result indicates infection or a previous illness (these antibodies circulate in human blood for up to 3 months). That is why it is important to conduct a comprehensive examination for suspected ascariasis, and not just a blood test. It should also be remembered that the detection of antibodies in a patient is a reason for examining all family members.
In the absence of complaints, a negative test for worm eggs, a repeated doubtful analysis of blood serum for antibodies is equated to a negative result.
- When should you take an analysis?
- What are the tests for the presence of worms?
- Blood analysis
- How to take a blood test?
When should you take an analysis?
Children often suffer from worms, so parents should periodically go to the clinic for an analysis. This will help to identify the problem in advance. But this rule is not always followed. When is it necessary to pass the analysis? There are certain symptoms that indicate the possible presence of worms in the body. The main features include:
This study can show:
How to take a blood test?
To get the most accurate result, you should know how to take a blood test. This study is carried out on an empty stomach, you can drink non-carbonated water. The last time you ate food should be at least 8 hours ago. For 2 days it is better not to eat fatty and spicy dishes. Blood is taken from a vein.
If parents are not sure about the result, then it is recommended to repeat the procedure after another 2 weeks. To compare the doctor's decision, it is worth contacting the same clinical laboratory a second time. After that, the doctor will make a final diagnosis. The price of such a service in each clinic is different.
How to protect a child from worms?
All parents should closely monitor the health of their children, as they need attention. In order to detect the problem in time, it is worth systematically showing the doctor. And the appearance of worms in children is a common problem. Therefore, it is recommended to constantly check the child for prevention. For this, a blood test is taken. If you find worms in time, getting rid of them will be easy.
- you should always wash your hands with soap before eating, after a walk;
- it is not recommended to touch animals that live on the street;
- need to wash fruits and vegetables;
- toys of small children should be cleaned, washed and washed;
- parents need to wash their babies' underwear at high temperatures;
- it is worth adhering to simple rules of hygiene;
- cut your nails regularly.
So, if the child is still infected with worms, he will have certain symptoms. As soon as suspicions arise, you should immediately go to the clinic for appropriate tests.
Clinical blood test for worms
Worms are unique organisms, they are able to live at the expense of people, animals and other organisms. They are able to harm the host and even kill him, release toxins, damage organs and tissues. With such diseases, timely diagnosis and proper treatment are important. It is equally important to find out which helminths attack the body in order to know who to fight.
Serological tests are aimed at detecting antibodies and antigens in the blood serum. This is a common diagnostic method; no special training is required to pass such a test.
Laboratory methods for the presence of worms
Medicine has always kept pace with the times, every year more and more diagnostic methods appear. Laboratory research is an integral part of the treatment process, since blood is an important material for diagnosing diseases of the human body.
Biochemical. By doing such an analysis, you can get maximum information about the internal organs of a person.
A hemostasiogram and a coaluogram are done to find out the state of blood clotting. Such studies help prevent blood loss. Hormonal studies are of great importance for a person. With the help of these studies, the amount of hormones is determined. Since deviation from the norm can lead to diabetes, infertility, mental retardation. Serological studies are based on the detection of antibodies. This method confirms the presence of the disease, regardless of when the infection occurred. Such methods make it easy to obtain the necessary information about the state of health, make an accurate diagnosis, and prescribe the correct treatment.
The condition of a person's blood speaks volumes. An effective research method is a biochemical analysis of blood composition. Even if the disease has just begun and the person has not yet felt any symptoms, he will show the slightest changes in the body. This will help prevent diseases in time. Also, this analysis is done to determine which microelement is lacking in the body.
The doctor can always prescribe biochemistry just for prevention.
When a person begins to suspect that uninvited guests have settled in his body, you should immediately seek help. First of all, you should definitely see a doctor, and
But here another problem may arise. The disease progresses quickly and the start of treatment directly depends on how quickly the results of the study are ready. Of course, it is cheaper to do tests in a state clinic, but not so fast. It is much more convenient to go to a private medical laboratory, it is a little more expensive and faster. Since modern laboratories are equipped with the latest equipment and conduct a complete study.
What is the timing of the tests and when to pick up the results?
To get results on time and not to delay treatment, you can and should pay attention to such factors:
- Method of laboratory research.
- Technological equipment of the laboratory.
- The amount of material for diagnostics.
The timing of the analyzes directly depends on the capabilities of the clinic, and on the cost of ongoing research. But do not forget that each analysis has a limited shelf life.
Biochemical and clinical analyzes: approximately the same terms of readiness about 5 days and terms of action up to 15 days.
Hormonal studies: readiness period 10 days, validity period 6 months.
Allergic test: 7 days of readiness, and about 3 weeks of shelf life.
How to determine the presence of invasions in the body by the composition of the blood
How do blood cells react to helminthic invasions
Research types
Speaking of dysbacteriosis research, it is used to determine changes in the normal intestinal flora. With worms, inhibition of normal E. coli in humans is possible.
Why is it necessary
In addition to changes in the composition of the blood, the symptoms of the disease will help determine the presence of helminths. With helminthic invasion, the patient feels constant fatigue, depression manifests itself, the work of the gastrointestinal tract is disturbed, there is itching in the anus.
ELISA blood test
Group
It is necessary to take such an analysis not only if you suspect worms. There are people who are at risk:
- Veterinarians and those whose professions are related to the care of animals.
- Health care workers exposed to similar infections.
- Employees of preschool institutions, canteens, restaurants and cafes.
- Children entering Kindergarten.
The procedure for taking tests
To pass the ELISA and obtain a reliable result, the patient needs to prepare. An analysis is given for worms in the morning on an empty stomach, after the last meal, at least nine hours must pass. The patient can only drink non-carbonated water. Experts recommend that you stop taking medications 14 days before the test. In this case, the result will be more objective. If it is impossible to refuse to take the funds, you must inform the doctor about the name of the drug. Thus, it will be possible to take into account possible data distortions. Alcoholic drinks and drugs may also adversely affect the results.
The results of the analyzes should be deciphered by the attending physician. For accurate diagnosis, you can choose effective method treatment and quickly get rid of unwanted guests.
Blood test for worms
The development of diseases associated with the ingestion of pathogens of helminthiases into the human body is not uncommon. It is necessary to diagnose the presence of worms in the body using a number of clinical and laboratory research methods. The study of feces for the presence of eggs and larvae of helminths can not always identify the pathogen. In this case, a blood test plays a significant role, especially when it comes to the acute phase of the course of helminthiasis.
The so-called "blood test for worms" in fact may include:
- complete blood count (in particular ESR, eosinophils);
- liver tests (AST and ALT, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase);
- enzyme immunoassay for antibodies to helminths.
But it is worthwhile to understand that it is not possible to unambiguously diagnose the presence of helminths in the body by the blood itself, and even more so to specifically indicate their type. These diagnostic methods are additional and are used in combination with others.
When analysis is needed
Conducting such a study makes it possible to detect the presence of several pathogens of helminthiases in the human body at once. The value of this analysis is especially noticeable if the larvae and eggs of worms migrate from one organ to another in the body. The main indications for a blood test are suspicions of:
Study Characteristics
This analysis involves the study of previously taken blood, followed by the determination of the level of eosinophils (special leukocytes), since an increase in this indicator always indicates infection with helminthic invasions. In the case of a severe course of enterobiasis in children (rarely in adults), a significant decrease in hemoglobin levels can be observed.
The appearance of helminthic invasions in the body often provokes the formation inflammatory processes, which may be indicated by an increase in the level of leukocytes in a blood test, as well as an increase in ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate).
Blood test for ascariasis
In more detail, such a study will be considered on the example of one of the most common diseases caused by roundworms. To detect the causative agents of this disease, as well as to assess the severity of damage to the body by roundworms, a clinical blood test is performed. In the acute stage of ascariasis, there will be a persistent increase in the level of eosinophils.
Another important indicator in this case is the level of leukocytes in the blood. It would be quite logical to assert that the higher the level of leukocytes and eosinophils in the blood, the more infected the human body with helminths.
For a more accurate assessment of the severity of the course of the pathological process in ascariasis, the doctor may recommend a biochemical blood test. This study assesses the level of AST and ALT, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase.
In the chronic course of this disease, an increase in the total number of eosinophils will also be observed, while the concentration of leukocytes will be slightly reduced due to suppression of immunity. In chronic ascariasis, the level of hemoglobin will also suffer. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) will be significantly increased.
Carrying out a clinical blood test for ascariasis is in some cases uninformative. For a more detailed diagnosis, it is possible to use an RNGA analysis (a blood test for antibodies to helminths), for which special reagents are used. To perform such tests, a preliminary blood sample is taken from a vein.
It should be noted that in some cases, with ascariasis, it is advisable to conduct a study not only of blood, but also of sputum, in which larvae of pathogens can also be observed.
Ascaris larva in the blood
Analysis procedure
There are a number of specific indications for such a study. The following categories of people are subject to mandatory blood tests for helminthiasis:
- The contingent of people whose work activity is associated with constant contact with animals (veterinarians, cynologists).
- People who have a persistent increase in the level of leukocytes in the blood.
- People living in places with the greatest risk of infection various types helminthiases.
- In case of suspicion of the presence of helminthic invasions.
24 hours before the proposed blood test, you must follow a special diet, which involves the complete exclusion of alcohol, fried, fatty and spicy foods. Physical activity should also be limited to a minimum. Taking any medications on the eve of the test is also highly undesirable. If taking the drug is unavoidable, it is important to inform the laboratory assistant about this in advance.
Obtaining a false result when conducting a blood test for worms is possible in the presence of any serious diseases. A blood test for helminthiasis should be used as part of one overall plan for the diagnosis of worms. Only in this scenario can you get the most reliable information.
Clarify in more detail what the analysis for worms is called, which one should be taken so as not to spend extra money, and also get advice on this study You can visit a parasitologist.
Namely, worms. At first, they do not cause much discomfort, but then, they begin to actively multiply and eat what a person eats. One of the most reliable methods to find out if there are worms in the body is a blood test.
Signs of the existence of worms in the body
If the above symptoms appear, you should immediately consult a doctor so that he can prescribe tests.
When to donate blood for worms
There are a number of indications for conducting blood tests for the detection of worms, which usually include persistent headaches, skin problems, frequent colds, weight loss, etc. Sometimes even a doctor gives a referral for blood for worms, if a person suffers from insomnia, he is constantly nervous and has a low hemoglobin level.
True, people do not always pay attention to such symptoms, attributing everything to. And that is why patients are referred for tests mainly because of itching in the anus, as well as a sharp weight loss. For prevention purposes, children attending schools and kindergartens are forced to take these tests once a year. In addition, employees medical institutions, as well as employees of educational institutions, canteens, etc., without fail, pass tests for worms.
You can donate blood for worms almost everywhere, both in a paid clinic and a free one. It is best not to eat for at least eight hours before the procedure. Basically, blood sampling takes place in the morning and within a few days the person receives the results.
Who needs to donate blood for worms
As mentioned above, there are certain groups of people who must donate blood for worms without fail. These include:
- People who work directly with animals. These can be both veterinarians, mainly working with pets, and veterinarians in villages.
- People who live in areas with an increased number of cases
- Medical workers, as they constantly work with people, and must be absolutely healthy. In addition, they can easily become infected from their patients.
- Kindergarten workers, as they have contact with young children and must be healthy
- Employees of canteens, cafes, restaurants, as they have contact with food and can easily be carriers
- Also, all children who enter kindergarten and school receive a referral for tests for worms, and if they were found in feces or blood, they will be prescribed treatment and postpone the trip to educational institution until full recovery.
ELISA blood test
Sometimes tests can be both false positive and false negative. In this case, you will need to retake the analysis in about two weeks to find out the exact result. For enzyme immunoassay, venous blood is taken, about 3 milliliters. According to the results, it is possible to determine both the degree of the course of the disease, and its absence. True, it depends on the professionalism and attentiveness of the laboratory employee who conducts the analysis itself. The correctness and reliability of the result depends on how well he knows how to recognize various antibodies.
How to get rid of worms
- Levamisole, the cost of which varies from 70 to 90 rubles
- Piperazine, the cost of which varies from 10 to 30 rubles
- Nemozol, the cost of which varies from 130 to 160 rubles
- Vermox, the cost of which varies from 90 to 100 rubles
An analysis for worms by blood is prescribed by specialists very often, especially when it is impossible to accurately determine the presence of eggs by feces. Sometimes even some doctors bypass the study of feces and prescribe immediately, since this type of study is more reliable. True, before you pass it, you need to prepare, namely, do not eat for 8 hours and do not drink alcohol. This is necessary for the accuracy of the results.
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According to statistics, every third person is infected with helminthiasis, but not everyone knows about it. Often, with a small degree of infection, the symptoms are blurred, or do not manifest themselves at all. To confirm or refute the diagnosis, doctors usually recommend taking a stool test for worm eggs. But everyone knows that this method is not always indicative. For complete certainty, there are several diagnostic methods, which we will talk about in order to understand how to find out if a person has worms.
What types of diagnostics are there?
Many methods have been developed to detect helminthiasis. Some are more common than others but are less effective.
Fecal analysis
It is for this study that doctors usually give direction if helminthiasis is suspected. An analysis of feces for worms must be taken by the child upon admission to preschool institutions, swimming pool and school. Therefore, parents should know how to take a stool test for worm eggs. The technique is more than simple. After going to the toilet, you need to collect some feces in an impenetrable tightly closed container. It is advisable to indicate on it the patient's data and the date of collection of the analysis.
The bowel movement should be natural. Laxatives and enemas should not be used to prevent inclusions of undigested food, starch, and fats from entering the sample. Jars for tests are sold in pharmacies. If the patient has problems with morning stools, then the analysis can be collected the day before. It can be stored overnight in a sealed container in the refrigerator.
When studying feces for the detection of worms and protozoa, the following methods are used:
- Coprogram. They study the physico-chemical characteristics of feces, detect helminths. The method is used to identify flukes, roundworms and tapeworms. The result is obtained after 6 days. For a reliable result, you need to take it three times.
- Kato method (thick smear method). With its help, ascariasis is detected. A sample of the material is clarified with glycerin and tinted with brilliant green. Then it is applied to glass in a thick layer and examined under a microscope. The Kato method is informative. Identifies the type of helminth. Requires three repetitions of the analysis.
- enrichment method. An effective procedure that allows you to detect up to 18 types of helminths at a time. A solution is prepared from the donated feces, which is passed through a filter with cells of a certain size. The resulting precipitate is then examined under a microscope.
Taking material with a cotton swab
This diagnostic method is used to detect helminth eggs in the anus. Before taking such an analysis for worms, you need to wear gloves. Slightly push the buttocks and hold with a cotton swab. Place it in a sterile container or jar and take it to the laboratory. The analysis for enterobiosis and worm eggs is different in that a cotton swab is moistened in glycerin.
Scraping and tape test
The method is similar to the fence with a cotton swab, but it uses a strip of adhesive tape, which is about 2 cm wide and 5 cm long. The tape is applied between the buttocks, and then carefully removed. They are glued to a glass slide, which is sent to the laboratory, where it will be determined whether a person has worms or not.
The disadvantage of scraping and scotch test methods is that they can detect only enterobiasis and ascariasis. It is pinworms and roundworms that come out at night and lay eggs in the anus.
These types of analyzes do not require special preparation. But it is important to take the material before the morning toilet. At negative result the sampling procedure is repeated two more times in 2-3 days.
Unfortunately, the analysis of feces for worm eggs has significant drawbacks. It is not always informative. To obtain a reliable result, the analysis must be passed at least three times. In addition, in the later stages of the disease, when helminths migrate from the intestines to other organs, stool examination will not be able to detect them.
Many are interested in how long the analysis is valid, how soon it needs to be delivered to the laboratory. The analysis is able to maintain its characteristics during the day, but if a situation arises in which the material is delivered to the laboratory for more than 8 hours, then it is necessary to ensure its storage in the cold.
It is important to understand that the result of the study of feces for helminthiases remains valid for only 10 days. Therefore, having learned how much the analysis is done, and when it is ready, you need to immediately go to the doctor. Usually, the analysis is done on the day of delivery, but the finished result comes to the doctor only after a couple of days.
In addition to the main methods for detecting helminths, there are additional ways to study biological materials that help identify worms in humans.
Analysis of urine
Diagnosis of worms in humans by urinalysis is rare. It is usually prescribed for suspected echinococcosis. Thanks to a special laboratory research detect infection released into biological material. If infection with schistosomes occurs, then their eggs are clearly detected in the urine.
Sputum analysis
This is a study on helminths and protozoa. In sputum, pathogens of ascariasis, paragonimiasis (tapeworms), echinococcosis, amoebiasis, and necatoriasis can be detected. The analysis is prescribed for severe clinical forms of infection, with bronchopneumonia of unknown origin. The patient may develop a prolonged cough, shortness of breath, hemoptysis. Sputum analysis provides for compliance with certain rules:
- They collect material in the morning so that it has time to accumulate during the night.
- In order to stimulate the formation of sputum the day before, you need to drink plenty of water.
- The patient should be trained to collect the material correctly.
Two methods of sputum collection are used:
- Expectoration. The patient inhales deeply several times, then coughs vigorously and spits out the sputum into the prepared sterile container.
- Extraction from the trachea by suction.
The fence from the trachea occurs in this way:
- A sputum trap is attached to the catheter.
- The lubricated catheter is inserted into the nasal passage with suction off. Pass through the larynx, it causes the patient to cough.
- The catheter is pushed into the trachea.
- Include suction for 15 seconds to collect sputum.
- Carefully remove the catheter.
The resulting material is labeled and sent to the laboratory.
Analysis of duodenal contents
A method for detecting worms in the body by examining samples of bile, gastric, intestinal and pancreatic juice. To collect material, duodenal sounding is used, which shows the presence of inflammatory foci and the accumulation of helminths in the digestive system.
Preparation for the study begins 5 days in advance. It includes the following measures:
- An exception for taking medications that can affect the result (laxatives, antispasmodics, choleretic, vasodilators).
- A day before the procedure, atropine (0.1% solution) is administered subcutaneously to the patient or a mixture is given to drink (8 drops of atropine, 30 g of xylitol and a small amount of water).
- Don't overeat the night before. Eliminate completely products that cause gas formation (black bread, vegetables, milk, legumes).
- The procedure is carried out in the morning on an empty stomach. Previously, a swab is taken from the throat to detect pathogenic microflora in order to prevent it from entering the bile samples.
The procedure for taking the material is quite complicated and unpleasant. For it, a probe with a metal or plastic tip with holes into which the material penetrates is used. First, I make marks on the probe to determine its location. The initial mark is at the level of the teeth, the final mark is at the level of the navel.
The course of the duodenal sounding procedure is as follows:
- Having lubricated the tip of the probe with glycerin, put it as close as possible to the root of the tongue.
- With calm breathing, the patient makes uniform swallowing movements.
- When the first mark reached the level of the teeth, it means that the probe entered the stomach.
- The person lies down on the right side and continues to swallow the probe up to the second mark. This will mean that the probe has reached the pylorus, after which it will enter the duodenum.
- The third label indicates that the probe is in the duodenum. A golden liquid appears in the hose.
Usually, diagnosis by duodenal sounding lasts about 1.5 hours. Take 5 samples after a certain time. The first portion appears after the introduction of the probe into the duodenum. Pick up time is 20 minutes. Then magnesium sulfate is added. Bile ceases to be secreted. The phase lasts 5 minutes. Then 4 minutes collect the contents of the biliary tract. Now comes the phase of collecting the most important material for research - the second portion of bile from the gallbladder. It is a thick brownish liquid.
The third portion - light bile appears after the gallbladder is empty.
Due to the complexity of the procedure, it is only possible to determine that you have worms with this method in adults and older children. Probing is contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women.
- ELISA (enzymatic immunoassay). 8 hours before the analysis, it is not recommended to eat food, and two days before the analysis, exclude salty and spicy foods, as well as stop taking certain drugs. The study shows the body's response to helminth invasion, that is, by taking a blood test for antibodies to helminths, we can detect worms. Blood is taken from a vein. The result is prepared from 2 to 5 days. ELISA blood test for antibodies such as JqM, JqA, JqG, counts their number in the sample. Based on these data, the doctor draws a conclusion about the stage of the disease and the type of helminthic invasion.
- Blood chemistry. Allows you to evaluate the overall functioning of organs, metabolism, the balance of trace elements. Blood is taken in the morning on an empty stomach. On the eve you can not eat fried, fatty, salty food. Revealing helminthiasis by analysis, the doctor pays attention to hemoglobin and eosinophils. If hemoglobin decreases and the number of eosinophils increases, this may be due to helminthic invasion.
- Hemoscanning. Examine "live" blood, allows you to detect the larvae of worms and other protozoa. They take a drop of material from a finger and immediately place it under a microscope connected to a monitor, on which the patient can observe the processes occurring in blood cells on his own. Diagnostics allows you to both check for worms and provide information about immunity, the state of the liver, hormonal background, the presence of sugar, uric acid, cholesterol, fungi, a tendency to heart attack or stroke. The study takes about 2 hours.
- Modified Knott method. It is used to count the number of pathogens. To do this, a hemolyzed blood sample is filtered. hot water the filter is fixed and stained by the Romanovsky-Giemsa method. Then they are dried, clarified and, covered with a glass slide, they begin to explore.
Diagnosis of helminthiases with blood sampling is not always prescribed. Most likely, these are cases when they cannot make a diagnosis for a long time, the treatment does not bring results.
Additional analyses. When they are appointed
Suspecting helminthiasis, a person finds out what tests are being taken for worms, and hurries to undergo an examination. But in some cases, when the diagnosis is questioned, additional diagnostics are required. There are enough such methods.
It happens that the doctor prescribes several methods of additional diagnostics to clarify the diagnosis.
Test for the detection of worms at home (by symptoms)
Some people have no time to go to the doctor and pass the necessary tests. How to understand that you have worms without going to the doctor. There is a check - a test for worms, which everyone can pass without leaving home. It is enough to honestly answer the list of questions:
- Does itching in the anus area bother you?
- Are there skin rashes and inflammations?
- Is there frequent nausea, sometimes accompanied by vomiting?
- Is sleep disturbed? Do you feel tired in the morning?
- Do flatulence and bloating bother you?
- Do you have frequent stomach upsets?
- Does bitterness hurt in the mouth?
- Are there swollen lymph nodes?
- Does constant aching in the joints and muscles bother you?
- Do you often grind your teeth while sleeping?
If you answered yes to 7 or more questions, the likelihood of helminthic invasion is high. But do not rush to scream in horror: “I have worms!” The presence of these symptoms may indicate other diseases. Therefore, you need to consult a doctor who will send you for an examination to establish a diagnosis.
It remains to be added that a home symptom test is not The best way how to determine if a person has worms. Helminthiasis can be secretive for a long time. When a person decides how to be tested for invasion, the first signs appear. The question arises where to take such tests for worms in adults and how appropriate it is. Unfortunately, in the state polyclinic it is impossible to undergo an examination by the listed methods free of charge. In Moscow, as in other major cities, many laboratories and clinics providing a wide range of different examinations. The need to do a blood test in expensive ways should be consulted with a doctor. Depending on the severity of the symptoms, the patient's condition, the results of general tests, he will tell you which additional examination is better to undergo.
Questions and answers
How long is a stool test done?
An analysis of feces for helminth eggs is usually ready during the day when the analysis was taken. The coprogram is deciphered for 6 days.
How to store fecal analysis?
You can store the sample in the refrigerator at a temperature not exceeding 8 degrees. Under these conditions, the assay remains valid for 8 hours.
How long is a stool test valid?
Fecal analysis for helminths and protozoa is valid for 10 days. Then the result expires and will have to be retaken.
How to take a blood test for worms?
A blood test is taken in the morning before meals. Blood is usually taken from a vein, sometimes from a finger. For a day, fatty, fried, salty, spicy foods are excluded from the diet. For two days, you need to stop taking some medications that can affect the result. The doctor talks about this in more detail. If you need to take any vital medications, then you need to inform the doctor so that he takes this into account when studying the results of the analysis.
Where can I get tested for worms?
The main signs of the presence of worms:
You can find out about the presence of helminths in the body by coprogram, smear, general blood test and enzyme immunoassay:
ELISA diagnostics
- count the number of antibodies;
- specify the type;
- find out the duration and stage of infection.
ELISA is the most popular test for worms in adults, which is fast and accurate.
Formation of antibodies to worms
In response to infection with worms, IgM immunoglobulins are produced in the blood. However, the information content of the test remains throughout the year. After this period, the antibodies disappear, and instead of them, IgG complexes are formed, which can show an earlier infection.
The appearance of IgA is fixed after 2-4 weeks. Their complete disappearance after therapy will indicate a cure.
Enzyme immunoassay for worms has several interpretations:
ELISA diagnostics answers the question of whether it is possible to speak of a complete recovery. The criterion will also be the absence of antibodies.
At borderline values, the test is repeated after two weeks.
The advantage of ELISA is its availability. Testing for worms is now carried out in private and public laboratories, and can be done at will.
The advantages of diagnosis are obvious in the initial detection and therapy:
- the ability to determine the presence of worms at an early stage;
- tracking the progress of the infection;
- testing the effectiveness of treatment.
When conducting an analysis, sometimes there are false positive and false negative results associated with other factors that affect the state of the blood. Rheumatoid arthritis can skew the results.
Before donating blood from a vein, you need to prepare for the analysis:
- exclude fatty, spicy and salty foods two days before the study;
- give up smoking and alcohol;
- donate biomaterial on an empty stomach.
Some drugs affect the results of the ELISA, so the examination is carried out two weeks after any drug treatment.
Indications for the diagnosis of helminths by ELISA are:
Features of the diagnosis of certain types of infection
Laboratory tests for worms are carried out in batches that include several pathogens. You can perform an antibody test for certain parasites.
A blood test for worms is the most effective. It allows you to get an answer to the question of whether there are helminths in the body, with an accuracy of 95%. In Russia, representatives of 20 varieties of helminths are more common than others. They can be determined by passing tests for worms by blood sampling. The biomaterial is taken from a vein/finger.
For a number of indications, it is necessary to consult a doctor to get a referral for a blood test. If individual symptoms are not always associated with helminthiasis, then in the event of a serious deterioration in health with diverse deviations, one should think that the body is affected by worms. General signs this disease:
The accuracy of the answer will be high, provided that everything is done correctly. If a blood test for helminths was performed with violations or the patient did not prepare for it, you can get false negative or, conversely, false positive results. To check the answer received, it is recommended to take a second blood test for antibodies to helminths. This is usually done 2 weeks after the first study.
Biomaterial sampling for helminthiasis is performed on an empty stomach. When infected with worms, the appetite often decreases in adults, so it will be easy to refuse food 8 hours before the procedure. It is allowed to drink only water, preferably mineral, but only without gas.
In addition, it is recommended to eat right, starting 2 days before the desired day. Salty, fatty, spicy foods are excluded from the diet. Blood for worms should not contain residual chemicals that enter the body while taking medications. For this reason, approximately 2 weeks before the procedure, you need to stop taking the drugs.
What tests can really determine the worms?
If symptoms of infection appear, helminthiasis can be suspected. There are several main and most available ways diagnostics that allow you to check the body for the presence of worms:
In addition, additional diagnostics and examination of individual organs and tissues may be required. For this purpose, a skin section, sputum are examined, a urine test is taken, the condition of the biliary tract and intestines is examined.
Biomaterial sampling rules
Blood is taken from a vein on an empty stomach. The last meal is not earlier than 8 hours.
It is recommended to stop treatment a few weeks before the test procedure. pharmacological preparations. However, in cases where it is impossible to do this for certain reasons, the number of drugs that the patient is taking should be indicated to the laboratory assistant, which will allow taking into account the factor of a possible distortion of the overall picture. If this is not done, the result may be a false negative/false positive.
A negative result means that no antibodies to helminth antigens were found, not infected.
Worms are determined by a blood test for several days: from 2 to 9. ELISA takes longer than a general blood test. If in the second case it may take a couple of days, then the result of an enzyme immunoassay is sometimes obtained on day 9. On average, such an analysis is carried out in 3-5 days.
Useful video: What kind of tests reveal worms?
Types of analyzes
Determination of helminths by blood is carried out in different ways:
- General blood analysis;
The first of the options is prescribed by a doctor with a general weakening of the body, any ailments.
General blood analysis
ELISA - a modern research method
A blood test for worms (ELISA) reveals, with high accuracy, not only the presence of worms, but also their appearance.