The return of Peter 1 from Europe. How Peter I was replaced
Studying historical facts and events that were carefully hushed up and kept secret, we can definitely say that PETER 1 on the throne was replaced by an impostor.
The substitution of the real Peter 1 and his capture took place during his trip to Amsterdam along with the Great Embassy. I tried, by copying, to put together in this post various sources confirming this tragic fact in the history of Russia.
The embassy is leaving a young man of twenty-six years old, above average height, solid build, physically healthy, with a mole on his left cheek, with wavy hair, well-educated, loving everything Russian, Orthodox (it would be more correct - orthodox) Christian, who knows the Bible by heart and etc. etc.
Two years later, a man returns who practically does not speak Russian, who hates everything Russian, who until the end of his life never learned to write in Russian, having forgotten everything he could before leaving for the Grand Embassy and miraculously acquired new skills and abilities, without a mole on on the left cheek, with straight hair, a sickly, forty-year-old looking man.
Isn't it true, some unexpected changes happened to the young man during his two years of absence.
Curiously, the papers of the Great Embassy do not mention that Mikhailov (under this surname young Peter went with the embassy) fell ill with a fever, but it was no secret for the embassy who, in fact, “Mikhailov” was.
A man returns from a trip with a fever in chronic form, with traces of long-term use of mercury preparations, which were then used to treat tropical fever.
For reference, it should be noted that the Grand Embassy went by the northern sea route, while tropical fever can be “earned” in southern waters, and even then, only after visiting the jungle.
In addition, after returning from the Great Embassy, Peter 1, during naval battles, demonstrated extensive experience in boarding combat, which has specific features that can only be mastered by experience. Which requires personal participation in many boarding battles.
All this together suggests that the person who returned with the Great Embassy was an experienced sailor who participated in many naval battles and sailed a lot in the southern seas.
Before the trip, Peter 1 did not take part in naval battles, if only because during his childhood and youth, Muscovy or Moscow Tartaria did not have access to the seas, with the exception of White Sea, which is simply impossible to call tropical. Yes, and on this Peter 1 was not often, and even then, as an honorary passenger.
During his visit to the Solovetsky Monastery, the boat on which he was miraculously saved during a storm, and he personally makes a memorial cross for the Archangel Cathedral, on the occasion of salvation in a storm.
And if we add to this the fact that he often corresponded with his beloved wife (Tsarina Evdokia), whom he missed, when he was away, upon his return from the Great Embassy, without even seeing her, without explaining the reasons, he sends him to a convent .
The Russian embassy that accompanied the tsar consisted of 20 people, and was headed by A.D. Menshikov. After returning to Russia, this embassy consisted of only the Dutch (including the notorious Lefort), only Menshikov remained the only one from the old composition.
This "embassy" brought a completely different tsar, who spoke Russian poorly, did not recognize his friends and relatives, which immediately betrayed a substitution: This forced Tsarina Sophia, the sister of the real Tsar Peter I, to raise archers against the impostor. As you know, the Streltsy rebellion was brutally suppressed, Sophia was hanged on the Spassky Gates of the Kremlin, the impostor exiled the wife of Peter 1 to a monastery, where she never reached, and called his own from Holland.
“His” brother Ivan V and “his” little children Alexander, Natalya and Lavrenty False Peter immediately killed, although the official story tells us about this in a completely different way. And he executed the youngest son Alexei as soon as he tried to free his real father from the Bastille.
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Peter the impostor did such transformations with Russia that we are still echoing around. He began to act like an ordinary conqueror:
- defeated the Russian self-government - "zemstvo" and replaced it with the bureaucratic apparatus of foreigners who brought theft, debauchery and drunkenness to Russia and vigorously planted it here;
- transferred the peasants to the property of the nobles, which turned them into slaves (to whiten the image of the impostor, this "event" falls on Ivan IV);
- defeated the merchants and began to plant industrialists, which led to the destruction of the former universality of people;
- defeated the clergy - the bearers of Russian culture and destroyed Orthodoxy, bringing it closer to Catholicism, which inevitably gave rise to atheism;
- introduced smoking, drinking alcohol and coffee;
- destroyed the ancient Russian calendar, rejuvenating our civilization by 5503 years;
- He ordered all Russian chronicles to be brought to St. Petersburg, and then, like Filaret, he ordered them to be burned. He called on the German "professors"; write a completely different Russian history;
- under the guise of a struggle with the old faith, he destroyed all the elders who lived for more than three hundred years;
- forbade the cultivation of amaranth and the use of amaranth bread, which was the main food of the Russian people, which destroyed the longevity on Earth, which then remained in Russia;
- canceled natural measures: a fathom, a finger, an elbow, an inch, which were present in clothes, utensils and architecture, making them fixed in the Western manner. This led to the destruction of ancient Russian architecture and art, to the disappearance of the beauty of everyday life. As a result, people ceased to be beautiful, since divine and vital proportions disappeared in their structure;
- replaced the Russian title system with the European one, which turned the peasants into an estate. Although the "peasant" is a title, higher than the king, about which there is more than one evidence;
- destroyed the Russian script, which consisted of 151 characters, and introduced 43 characters of the script of Cyril and Methodius;
- disarmed the Russian army, exterminating the archers as a caste with their miraculous abilities and magical weapons, and introduced primitive firearms and stabbing weapons in a European manner, dressing the army first in French and then in German uniforms, although the Russian military uniform was the weapon itself. Among the people, the new regiments were called "amusing".
But his main crime is the destruction of Russian education (image + sculpture), the essence of which was to create in a person three subtle bodies that he does not receive from birth, and if they are not formed, then the consciousness will not have a connection with the consciousnesses of past lives. If in Russian educational institutions from a person they made a generalist who could, starting from bast shoes and ending with a spaceship, do everything himself, then Peter introduced a specialization that made him dependent on others.
Before Peter the Pretender, people in Russia did not know what wine was, he ordered barrels of wine to be rolled out onto the square and the townspeople to drink for free. This was done to ward off the memory of a past life. During the period of Peter, the persecution of babies who were born, remembering their past lives and able to speak, continued. Their persecution began with John IV. The mass destruction of infants with past life memories cast a curse on all incarnations of such children. It is no coincidence that today, when a talking child is born, he lives no more than two hours.
After all these deeds, the invaders themselves did not dare to call Peter the Great for a long time. And only in the 19th century, when the horrors of Peter the Great had already been forgotten, did a version arose about Peter the innovator, who did so much useful for Russia, even brought potatoes and tomatoes from Europe, allegedly brought there from America. Solanaceae (potatoes, tomatoes) were widely represented in Europe even before Peter. Their endemic and very ancient presence on this continent is confirmed by a large species diversity, which took more than one thousand years. On the contrary, it is known that it was during the time of Peter that a campaign was launched against witchcraft, in other words, food culture (today the word "witchcraft" is used in a sharply negative sense). Before Peter there were 108 types of nuts, 108 types of vegetables, 108 types of fruits, 108 types of berries, 108 types of root nodules, 108 types of cereals, 108 spices and 108 types of fruits *, corresponding to 108 - Russian gods.
After Peter, there were units of sacred species used for food, which a person can see for himself. In Europe, this was done even earlier. Cereals, fruits and nodules were especially destroyed, since they were associated with the reincarnation of a person. The only thing that Peter the impostor did was allowed to cultivate potatoes ( Orthodox Old Believers it is not used for food), sweet potato and earthen pear, which are rarely eaten today. The destruction of sacred plants consumed at a certain time led to the loss of complex divine reactions of the body (remember the Russian proverb “every vegetable has its own time”). Moreover, the mixing of food caused putrefactive processes in the body, and now people exude stench instead of fragrance. Adoptogenic plants have almost disappeared, only weakly active ones remain: the “root of life”, lemongrass, zamaniha, golden root. They contributed to the adaptation of a person to difficult conditions and kept a person young and healthy. There are absolutely no plants-metamorphizers left that contribute to various metamorphoses of the body and appearance, for 20 years it was found in the mountains of Tibet "The Sacred Coil", and even that has disappeared today.
* Today, the word “fruit” is understood as a unifying concept, which includes fruits, nuts, berries, which used to be called simply gifts, while gifts of herbs and shrubs were called fruits. An example of fruits are peas, beans (pods), peppers, i.e. peculiar unsweetened fruits of herbs.
The campaign to impoverish our diet continues and at present, Kalega and sorghum have almost disappeared from consumption, it is forbidden to grow poppies. From many sacred gifts, only the names remain, which are given to us today as synonyms for famous fruits. For example: pruhva, kaliva, bukhma, landushka, which are passed off as rutabaga, or armud, kvit, pigwa, gutey, gun - disappeared gifts that are passed off as quince. Kukish and dulya in the 19th century denoted a pear, although these were completely different gifts, today these words are used to call the image of a fig (also, by the way, a gift). A fist with an inserted thumb, used to denote the mudra of the heart, today it is used as a negative sign. Dulya, figs and figs were no longer grown, because they were sacred plants among the Khazars and Varangians. Already in recent times proska began to be called "millet", barley - barley, and millet and barley cereals disappeared forever from the mankind of agriculture.
What happened to the real Peter I? He was captured by the Jesuits and placed in a Swedish fortress. He managed to convey the letter to Charles XII, King of Sweden, and he rescued him from captivity. Together they organized a campaign against the impostor, but the entire Jesuit-Masonic fraternity of Europe, called to fight, together with the Russian troops (whose relatives were taken hostage in case the troops decide to go over to the side of Charles), won at Poltava. The real Russian Tsar Peter I was again captured and placed away from Russia - in the Bastille, where he later died. An iron mask was put on his face, which caused a lot of talk in France and Europe. The Swedish king Charles XII fled to Turkey, from where he tried again to organize a campaign against the impostor.
It would seem, kill the real Peter, and there would be no trouble. But the fact of the matter is, the invaders of the Earth needed a conflict, and without a living king behind bars, neither the Russian-Swedish war nor the Russian-Turkish war would have succeeded, which in fact were civil wars, which led to the formation of two new states: Turkey and Sweden, and then several more. But the real intrigue was not only in the creation of new states. In the 18th century, all of Russia knew and talked about the fact that Peter I was not a real tsar, but an impostor. And against this background, the “great Russian historians” who arrived from the German lands: Miller, Bayer, Schlozer and Kuhn, who completely distorted the history of Russia, no longer presented any particular difficulty in declaring all the Dmitriev tsars False Dmitrys and impostors who did not have the right to the throne, and who did not managed to groan, they changed the royal surname to - Rurik.
The genius of Satanism is Roman law, which is the basis of the constitutions of modern states. It was created contrary to all ancient canons and ideas about a society based on self-government (autocracy).
For the first time, judicial power was transferred from the hands of the priests to the hands of people who did not have a spiritual dignity, i.e. the power of the best has been replaced by the power of anyone
Roman law is presented to us as the “crown” of human achievement, in reality it is the pinnacle of disorder and irresponsibility. State laws under Roman law are based on prohibitions and punishments, i.e. on negative emotions, which, as you know, can only destroy. This leads to a general lack of interest in the implementation of laws and to opposition of officials to the people. Even in the circus, work with animals is based not only on a whip, but also on a carrot, but a person on our planet is rated lower than animals by conquerors.
In contrast to Roman law, the Russian state was built not on prohibitive laws, but on the conscience of citizens, which strikes a balance between encouragement and prohibition. Let us recall how the Byzantine historian Procopius of Caesarea wrote about the Slavs: "They had all the laws in their heads." Relations in ancient society were regulated by the principles of horse, from where the words “canon” (ancient - konon), “from time immemorial”, “chambers” (i.e. according to horse) have come down to us. Guided by the principles of the horse, a person avoided mistakes and could incarnate again in this life. The principle is always above the law, because it contains more possibilities than the law, just as a sentence contains more information than one word. The very word "law" means "beyond the horse." If a society lives according to the principles of the horse, and not according to the laws, it is more vital. Commandments contain more than a horse, and therefore surpass it, just as a story contains more than a sentence. The commandments can improve human organization and thinking, which in turn can improve the principles of the horse.
As the remarkable Russian thinker I.L. Solonevich, who knew from his own experience the charms of Western democracy, in addition to the long-lived Russian monarchy, based on popular representation (zemstvo), merchants and clergy (meaning pre-Petrine times), democracy and dictatorship were invented, replacing each other in 20-30 years. However, let us give him the floor himself: “Professor Whipper is not quite right when he writes that modern humanitarian sciences- this is only "theological scholasticism and nothing more"; it is something much worse: it is deceit. This is a whole collection of deceptive travel signals, beckoning us to the mass graves of famine and executions, typhus and wars, internal ruin and external destruction.
The “science” of Diderot, Rousseau, D’Alembert and others has already completed its cycle: there was famine, there was terror, there were wars, and there was the external defeat of France in 1814, in 1871, in 1940. The science of Hegel, Mommsen, Nietzsche and Rosenberg also ended its cycle: there was terror, there were wars, there was famine and there was defeat in 1918 and 1945. The science of the Chernyshevskys, Lavrovs, Mikhailovskys, Milyukovs and Lenins has not yet gone through the whole cycle: there is hunger, there is terror, there were wars, both internal and external, but the defeat will still come: inevitable and inevitable, one more payment for the verbiage of two hundred years, for swamp lights lit by our masters of thoughts over the most rotten places of a real historical swamp.
Not always the philosophers listed by Solonevich themselves came up with ideas that could destroy society: they were often prompted to them.
V.A. Shemshuk "Return of Paradise to Earth"
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“With other European peoples, you can achieve the goal in philanthropic ways, but not so with the Russians ... I am not dealing with people, but with animals that I want to turn into people” - such a documented phrase of Peter 1 very clearly conveys his attitude towards the Russian people.
It is hard to believe that these same "animals", in gratitude for this, called him the Great.
Russophobes will immediately try to explain everything by the fact that yes, he made people out of animals, and only because of this Russia became Great and the “animals” that became people thankfully called him the Great.
Or maybe this is the gratitude of the owners of the Romanovs for the perfectly fulfilled obligations to destroy precisely the traces of the greatness of the Russian People, which haunted those who wanted to create for themselves Great History, the ruling circles of states, until recently the former provincial outlying provinces?
And it was this very Greatness of the Russian People that did not allow them to create it?
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One can talk a lot and interestingly about Peter I. For example, today it is already known that his short but intense reign actually cost the Russian people more than 20 million lives (read the article by N.V. Levashov “Visible and invisible genocide” about this). Maybe that's why the man who is called today Peter I is now declared "great"?
Anyone interested in this topic can also watch the video:
In fact, the impostor of the false Peter I is the Roman protege Isaac Andre.
He is buried in St. Isaac's Cathedral, named after him. The story of Peter
I was invented by the Latin rulers of the true Slavic history
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CRITICISM OF THE VERSION ABOUT THE SUBSTITUTION OF THE RUSSIAN TSAR PETER THE GREAT FOR HIS DOUBLE
Now in the global network, called the Internet, a lot of materials on past history have appeared, which challenge the established point of view and offer new versions of certain events. Since history is a human matter, it could not be compiled without the influence of certain groups of people in power and defending their interests and benefits. That is why it is not surprising that many facts of the past were presented exaggeratedly and distortedly, or even completely invented. HOWEVER THE GENERAL CANVAS STAYED CLOSE TO REALITY.
What really happened, only God knows. Partly, the participants of some historical event know this. History is being created before our eyes, and sometimes we cannot understand what is happening, why, in whose favor and by whom it is moving. For example, the story of the rise of Joseph the Beautiful in ancient Egypt was brought to us by God through the prophet Moses. There is no such story in the Egyptian chronicles and everything is written in a completely different way. Why? Because the Egyptians did not want to look bad in the eyes of other peoples and states. And what nation or government or church or group of people wants to look bad? That is why history has always been cleaned up and corrected by those who are interested in it. That is why those who believe in God and the Bible have one story, and those who do not believe in another, different from the biblical one. Most often, it is not the events themselves that are distorted, but their interpretation and motivation. Ultimately, everything is based on the faith and trust of some people (who did not live then and did not participate in the events described in historical books) to other persons, those who recorded these events and their explanation, as their participant or as a listener from the first persons of these events. The reliability of the record of events depends on the honesty of the persons who transmitted these events to the chronicler. In addition to the testimony of eyewitnesses and participants, additional historical sources are various documents, letters, memoirs, notes of various persons, coins, postage stamps, heraldry, weapons, household items, equipment, scientific works, architectural ensembles, temples, cathedrals, palaces, chambers and others. works of architecture, works of art, monuments, chronicles of wars, post-war treaties, later - photographs, audio and video recordings, newsreels and much more.
One of the modern historical myths is the version that Tsar Peter the Great, during his stay in Europe with the Great Embassy, was kidnapped and another person similar to him was put in his place. The very idea of this version and its technical implementation have a place to be. Something like this really could have happened, but it didn't. All the versions of “evidence” offered by the authors are very strained and can only matter to those people who really want to believe in this version. For a thoughtful and impartial view, a number of reasonable objections and questions arise.
So, for the time being, let's take on faith this version of the substitution of Tsar Peter the Great for his double and, based on this fact, we will pose a number of questions:
1. Who ordered this action and who needed it and why?
2. What is the motive for this crime?
3. Tsar Peter was not alone in the Great Embassy. There were many people with him who knew him well. If there was a substitution of the king, then how did these persons not notice this substitution? Or if they noticed, then why were they silent and this mystery waited until the 21st century?
4. In addition to the persons of the Great Embassy, other persons in Russia also knew Tsar Peter. Why, when he (his double) returned to Russia, did they not raise this issue? Is it really such a mundane and unimportant matter to anyone that you can just ignore it? For example, the Old Believers went into schism and to the stake for smaller reasons. The version that False Peter allegedly managed to neutralize all the former environment of Tsar Peter the Great is incredible! The change of one and the same person, and striking, is a very real thing. This has happened and happens often. But it is impossible to explain any change in a person's behavior by replacing it with a double.
5. According to the version, False Peter was a foreigner (i.e. not Russian). Then it is not clear how he could instantly and imperceptibly for others enter into the atmosphere of Tsar Peter? After all, for him it is a foreign country, a foreign people, a foreign culture, foreign customs, etc. How did he navigate the Kremlin and Moscow, and even more so in the affairs of the Russian state? How could he, imperceptibly to the environment, use Peter's objects without giving himself away? How could people not notice the change in speech style, accent, and other features of the double's speech?
6. How could all the changes visible to others be kept in the strictest confidence? Let's say people from Tsar Peter's entourage were afraid death penalty and therefore they were silent. But someone could let it slip before death, at confession, or after moving to another country. Such a secret is very difficult to keep without "leaks" and publicity. Moreover, the False Peter was alone, in a strange environment and had to constantly be afraid of being exposed. He could be blackmailed. He could be manipulated by those who found out that it was not Peter. But nothing of the sort happened.
7. As for the conduct of wars, Peter the Great has never been an outstanding commander. The courage shown by him in Azov is the ardor of youth, and not a manifestation of the genius of the commander. According to the version, the true Tsar Peter allegedly opposed the double and the impostor together with the Swedish king Charles 12. If this were true, then it is not clear why the main incentive and motive for this war - the imposture of False Peter and the authenticity of the true Tsar Peter - were not loudly voiced throughout Russia , all of Europe and the whole world? After all, even genuine impostors to the Russian throne - False Dmitry, Razin, Pugachev - used this motive! And how could the Russian tsar achieve his restoration to the throne with the help of foreign troops, by killing and bloodshed his subjects? This is complete absurdity!
8. What Peter the Great began to do after returning from Europe could only be done by a genuine Russian tsar, for no impostor would have been let down. The impostor would be secretly poisoned or stabbed to death in his sleep, and in the morning his imposture would be revealed!
8. It is known that Tsar Peter, with a large stature, had a small foot size for a man of this height (38). This is known from his shoes, descriptions, and the wax figure of Tsar Peter. It is impossible to fake it for another person, as well as to hide the size of the legs, especially its rare disproportionate combination with height.
10. In addition to secular persons, Tsar Peter was well known to representatives of the clergy of the Russian Church. They could not fail to notice the substitution of the king or keep silent about it. For example, I know each of my spiritual children and would immediately notice his substitution even for a very similar person. The spirit, the peculiarity of speech and behavior, and much more that cannot be described cannot be faked. Moreover, the Orthodox tsar, according to the version, stopped attending churches, services, fasting, etc.
11. If, out of fear, ordinary believers or priests would be silent, then the saints of God would not be silent in any way! According to the version, it turns out that there were no saints in Russia at that time, or that the Lord God did not reveal anything to them about the substitution of their king, or that they were afraid for their lives and therefore were hypocritical? Yes, this will not happen! Saint Mitrofan of Voronezh denounced Tsar Peter for the pagan statues on the royal palace in St. Petersburg and even prepared for execution for this. But the king summoned him, talked to him and let him go home. The Monk Seraphim of Sarov spoke of Tsar Peter as a Great Sovereign, but, even with this greatness of the Tsar, God refused him the transfer of the relics of the holy noble Prince Alexander Nevsky to Petersburg.The tomb was made of silver, but there were no relics in it and no. According to the version, it turns out that all Russian saints were deceived and prayed not for the true Tsar Peter, but for a foreign impostor and enemy of Russia. We, faithful to Christ, cannot allow such a situation! The saints of God could not but know about the substitution (if it really existed) and even more treacherously keep silent about it!
This version paints a terrible picture of the state of the Russian people and the Russian kingdom. What kind of kingdom is this and what kind of people are these, if some foreigner could freely seize power and the royal throne by deceit, and fool them all his life, and after his death too! But since someone decided to promote this version to the masses of people, they needed to compose the story of "the true Tsar Peter the Great." Here is an attempt to return the Russian throne by a war with Russia on the side of Sweden, and facts that coincide with the facts from the feature film "Iron Mask", and other unproven fabrications. And, finally, it is enough to look at the results of the reign of the king with the names Peter the Great and Peter the Great. If, according to the version, the Russian throne was really seized by a foreign agent by deceit, then he should have pursued a policy of destroying the country and weakening its state and military power. We find the exact opposite of this! Let's say the church and faith somehow suffered because of Peter's reforms, but that state itself was transformed and became modern, with a strong army and navy. Why was it necessary for a foreign agent and his puppeteers? After all, under False Dmitry, who reigned in intrigues of the Poles in Moscow, Russia in one year came to a catastrophe and its death! And here science has advanced, and the education system has improved, and production has improved, and Russia has access to the seas, and the state has grown stronger, and it has won victories over foreign troops, and built a new capital, Petersburg, which still stands and surprises with its architecture . Why all this to foreign agents, masons and conspirators who only wanted the collapse of Russia? It was after Peter the Great that the enemies of Russia caught on and began to conspire and commit the murders of the tsars - Paul, Alexander II, Nicholas II, and also contributed to the acceleration of the death of Tsar Alexander III! And at the same time, economically and politically, Russia was developing and strengthening all the time, which was what was terrible for her enemies and ill-wishers. And where does serfdom, as well as vodka? Yes, they were bad things in Russia. But serfdom was nevertheless abolished and abolished, and they fought against drunkenness. But he also wrote about the love to drink in Russia Grand Duke Vladimir Kyiv. Peter brought not drunkenness, but alcohol trade, economically beneficial to his court and state. And Lomonosov invented vodka, not Tsar Peter. But the passion for drinking alcohol is a sinful passion inspired by demons, not by people. People can only seduce her and give a reason.
Summing up, we can confidently say that we do not have any serious grounds and evidence for accepting this version. Everything is built on assumptions and assumptions with the help of fitted comparisons of different qualities of the same person. Doubles in history were and are. They were and are being used by the powers that be, but not enough to give them their power. The strong are always insured and hold their doubles in such a way that none of us would like to be in their place. No matter how much anyone likes Tsar Peter the Great, no matter what mistakes he makes, but it was he and he also made them.
Why did they let this supposedly “patriotic” version go for a walk? In fact, this version does not solve the issues of history, does not explain the truly past events and does not restore the gaps in history, but harms the Russian people and the Russian world in general. By allowing such a substitution, the Russian people are placed in a very humiliating and unfavorable position. Solid soil is knocked out of the ground, albeit a combed, but still true story, and in return they are presented with the unsteady sand of conjectures and guesswork, or even intentionally false inventions. This brings confusion into the soul of a person (and any confusion, according to the teaching of the fathers of the Church of Christ, comes from demons), temptation, distrust of anyone, despondency and despair. Hence the fragility of views and the complex of the constant fear of being deceived, skepticism, distrust, chaos and loss. And who needs it? Enemies of salvation!
For some reason, the word "tantra" is strongly associated with sex for many, and moreover, many believe that it is just an abbreviation of the phrase "tantric sex". However, this is by far not the truly remarkable feature of this spiritual trend. It is much more interesting that tantra is a purely elite teaching, especially "sharpened" for power.
For some reason, the word "tantra" is strongly associated with sex for many, and moreover, many believe that it is just an abbreviation of the phrase "tantric sex". As a result, almost every specialist on this topic, if he starts writing something popular, is forced to start his text by exposing the fallacy of such an equalization. There is no doubt that Tantrism is indeed imbued with gender symbolism and not only symbolism. However, this is far from being its truly remarkable feature. Gender symbolism, the motive of intercourse and fertilization are characteristic of all cultures and have been developed by them to one degree or another. The fact that Tantrism developed this in particular is not so interesting. Something else is interesting - tantra is a purely elite teaching, in a special way “sharpened” for power.
Many do not associate yoga and spiritual psychotechniques with power. It seems that all yogis simply meditate in the forests and monasteries, only caring about their own enlightenment. However, in the East, the possession of spiritual practices, the possession of spiritual experience and power are almost synonymous. And there is nothing surprising.
What did the eastern rulers always need, who were fed up with hundreds or even thousands of concubines, not to mention everything else? What were they even interested in? They were interested in two things: spirituality as such and what would help them in the business of government. Both were given to them by the sages, and in return, these sages and the traditions to which they, by definition, belonged, gained control over the mind of this or that emperor, or even entire generations of rulers. The sages and their traditions needed power to realize their ideas about the ideal world order. At the same time, it should be noted that such ideas about the ideal world order could sometimes be monstrous.
In the West, philosophy exists as something that seems to be purely secular and mental (although in fact this is also a big question). In the East there is no other philosophy than religious. Therefore, an Eastern sage is always a spiritual guide and preacher, the holder of some spiritual tradition. Actually, these lines of spiritual traditions in a complex way sorted out the relationship both with each other and with the authorities, which was and still is the most important part of political history.
So, tantra is not "tantric sex", but in the strict sense of the word, in general, just a certain type of texts. There are sutras and there are tantras. However, these texts, of course, belong to a certain spiritual and philosophical direction, which can be generally called tantra. Relatively speaking, there is a Hindu tantra and a Buddhist one (it is usually called the Vajrayana). Why conditionally? Here is what the buddhologist Yevgeny Torchinov writes in his classic book Introduction to Buddhology:
“Here it is appropriate to point out one significant difference between Buddhist Tantrism and the Hindu (Shaivist) Tantrism that developed in parallel with it. In Buddhism, the feminine principle is prajna, that is, wisdom, intuition of reality as it is and understanding of the nature of samsara as essentially empty states of consciousness; prajna is passive. In Shaivism, the feminine principle is shakti, that is, strength, energy, unity with which introduces one to the world-creating power of God; shakti is by definition active. The Buddhist-Hindu convergence at the level of yoga, however, has gone so far that in the latest tantras (for example, in the Kalachakra Tantra, the beginning of the 11th century), the concept of “Shakti” appears, which had not been used in the Buddhist tantras before.
That is, not only did both tantrisms develop in parallel, but also in the Kalachakra Tantra we are dealing with their syncretism. Let's add to this, let's say, a very high "elasticity" of everything related to gender identification, which is characteristic of this culture. So, for example, the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara, whose official reincarnation is the Dalai Lama, can be represented in a male guise, but matriarchal features are much stronger in his image. But that's not all. Torchinov writes:
“Just as the sexual symbolism of the Tantras had its prototype in the archaic fertility cults (apparently of Dravidian origin) of ancient India, which were radically rethought by Buddhism and became, in essence, derivatives of archaic cults and images, being included in the context of the Buddhist worldview, Buddhist philosophy and psychology, the Tantric pantheon was also largely rooted in the cults of archaic deities, the veneration of which for the most part was preserved in the lower classes and castes of Indian society, as well as among pariahs (dombi, candala).
As it is easy to see, the Hindu and Buddhist tantras have the same source - the ancient Dravidian (pre-Indo-European) cults. These cults were associated with the worship of various hypostases of the "great mothers", the most famous of which are the goddesses Kali and Durga. Actually, Tantrism is, to put it very roughly, the direction that, as it were, additionally strengthens both in Hinduism and Buddhism the spirit of the ancient dark matriarchy. The strengthening of the influence of this spirit can actually be traced already from the Vedas, and Mircea Eliade called this process the "rise of mothers."
Sri Devi Nrithyalaya
Being within Hinduism and Buddhism, Tantrism occupies a dominant position within their institutions. The fact is that tantra promises to achieve the highest religious goal of liberation already in this life, and not like "ordinary" Buddhism and Hinduism - during many births and deaths. If the "ordinary" orthodox Buddhist or Hindu basically only makes offerings and worships to deities, then the tantrist is engaged in spiritual practices and achieves certain results - personality transformation. What it is is a separate and little-studied question. But the fact that such a devout practice leads to some results and that the adepts who achieve them occupy the highest levels in the spiritual and power hierarchy is beyond doubt.
Moreover, such an “architecture” (and it is it that interests us here in particular) has been recorded in many countries. Thus, in all the main Tibetan schools (Nyingma, Kadam, Sakya, Kagyu, and Gelug) there are two different initiations: for "ordinary" Buddhists and for Tantric ones. The fact is that tantric practices imply a lot of things that an “ordinary” orthodox Buddhist should not do. Therefore, when initiating into the tantric direction, the adept cannot swear that he will not do what the “ordinary” believer should not do. This state of affairs is fixed in two different "lines" of initiations. As it is easy to see, the “elevator” to the higher hierarchies is precisely the tantric line.
The leading role in Tibet has long been occupied by the Gelug school of “yellow caps”. At its core is the Kalachakra Tantra mentioned above. The Dalai Lama initiates this tantra personally and quite officially. However, the main thing is that the Dalai Lama is not just a spiritual leader, but a theocratic ruler. That is, he is the power. Moreover, a certain syncretism of the Hindu and Buddhist tantras in the person of the Dalai Lama takes place not only because, as Torchinov told us above, that the Kalachakra Tantra inherits the concept of shakti from Hinduism, but also because the Dalai Lama is considered the reincarnation of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara . And the image of Avalokiteshvara has a pre-Buddhist background and refers first to Shaivism, and then to that very Dravidian matriarchy.
The main patron of Nepal, Saint Matsyendranath, who lived around the 10th century, is revered as the incarnation of Avalokiteshvara. However, he was by no means a Buddhist, but a Shaivite. And the cult of Shiva, as more or less already established today, has a pre-Indo-European genesis.
However, if such syncretism can be considered, relatively speaking, natural (after all, one Indian culture), then the connection of Tantra with Confucianism and Japanese Shintoism is hardly. Nevertheless, the penetration of tantra into China and Japan, with many "syncretic" consequences, is an indisputable fact.
As I said above, the tantric tradition was originally "sharpened" for a certain type of interaction with the authorities, being able to respond to its irrevocable requests. Already one of the earliest and most important tantric texts, the Guhyasamaja tantra (“Innermost Cathedral Tantra”) tells the following very revealing story.
There was an Indian king, Indrabodha, who had 500 concubines. And then he sees that someone flies past him. He learns that it is the Buddha along with his five hundred disciples. The Buddha tells him about his teachings, about asceticism and that the whole world is an illusion and is filled with suffering. The king admired the preaching of the Buddha, but noted that, although he was ready to become a Buddhist, he was the ruler and had to fulfill his "earthly" duties, and 500 concubines would be bored without him. After that, he asked the Buddha if it was possible, within the framework of his teaching, to somehow combine the higher and the lower. To which the Buddha replied that it was quite possible, and told the king the Guhyasamaja tantra in detail.
The Chinese and Japanese emperors could not refuse such a thing. What is happening today in modern China and Japan is a separate issue. But the fact that the line of Tantric Buddhism of the Shingon school moved to Japan from China, and having managed to fool the Chinese authorities, is a fact.
It was brought to Japan by the famous monk Kukai in 804. He studied under the monk Hui Guo. Hui Guo was a student of Amoghavajra, and he, in turn, was a student of Vajrabodhi. Both Amoghavajra, and Hui Guo, and many of the disciples of Vajrabodhi (for example, the monk I-Sin) were in one capacity or another under the Chinese emperors. And then they were treated kindly, then they fell into disgrace.
As a result, one way or another, Taoist-Buddhist syncretism developed in China, which on the whole repeated the spiritual and imperious "architecture" that I spoke about above. Only in China did Confucianism play the role of "ordinary" Buddhism and Hinduism.
What worshiped Confucius is still not exactly known. Most likely it was the Tao. The main thing is that Confucius forbade even being interested in metaphysical issues. That is, Confucianism, in principle, is the doctrine of correct performance rituals, but, as it were, without a metaphysical "head".
Regarding this feature of Confucianism, the famous orientalist Alexei Maslov expressed himself bitingly and definitely: “Confucianism is an epistemological “dummy”, an absolute volume that can be filled with almost any content.”
By the time the Tantrics arrived in China, the role of this “content”, the metaphysical “head”, was performed by the Taoists, who then entered into complex relations with the adepts of Tantric Buddhism who came.
A little later, this "construction", in which Tantra is at the top and Confucianism is at the bottom, migrated to Japan along with the teachings of the Shingon school.
In the article "The ritual structure of relations between the emperor and the Buddhist sangha in Japan in the Heian era (X - XII centuries) (on the example of the Buddhist ceremonies Misae and Mishuho)" orientalist Elena Sergeevna Lepekhova writes:
“On the one hand, the emperor symbolically donated his kingdom in the form of his clothes to the Buddha, his teachings and the sangha, on the other hand, during the “empowerment” ritual, he received his robe back and, through the consecration of cintamani scented water, turned from an ordinary ruler into a universal ruler- chakravartin and a member of the universal family of the Tathagata Buddha."
Quote from the video of Lepekhov E.S. Classification of Buddhist teachings in the Tendai school and the theory of Lawrence Kohlberg. Save Tibet
That is, the Shingon tantric school dedicated the Japanese emperor to the ideal Buddhist rulers, chakravartins, passing him the pearl of cintamani. What relation after this ceremony did the Japanese emperor have to the national religion of Shinto, and whether he had any at all, would require separate consideration.
As a result, we can say that the spiritual and political construction of power in the East meant that there would be some kind of teaching below, requiring only the performance of rites and rituals, and at the top there was already a “powerful” tier. This tier was usually filled by tantrists. As for the West, such an "architecture" could not fail to attract some part of its elite sooner or later. For me, one of the obvious conductors of such an "architecture" in the West was Dante Alighieri, in whom Roman law began to play the role of Confucianism or "ordinary" Buddhism or Hinduism. However, this issue requires separate consideration ...
Peter I and the whole truth about substitution!
(photo difference 2 years)
Studying historical facts and events that were carefully hushed up and kept secret, one can definitely say that Peter I on the throne was replaced by an impostor. The substitution of the real Peter I and his capture took place during his trip to Amsterdam along with the Great Embassy. I tried, by copying, to put together in this post various sources confirming this tragic fact in the history of Russia.
The embassy is leaving a young man of twenty-six years of age, above average height, solid build, physically healthy, with a mole on his left cheek, with wavy hair, well-educated, loving everything Russian, Orthodox (it would be more correct - orthodox) Christian, who knows the Bible by heart and etc. etc.
Two years later, a man returns who practically does not speak Russian, who hates everything Russian, who until the end of his life never learned to write in Russian, having forgotten everything he could before leaving for the Grand Embassy and miraculously acquired new skills and abilities, without a mole on on the left cheek, with straight hair, a sickly, forty-year-old looking man.
Isn't it true, some unexpected changes happened to the young man during his two years of absence.
Curiously, the papers of the Great Embassy do not mention that Mikhailov (under this surname young Peter went with the embassy) fell ill with a fever, but it was no secret for the embassy who, in fact, “Mikhailov” was.
A man returns from a trip with a chronic fever, with traces of long-term use of mercury preparations, which were then used to treat tropical fever.
For reference, it should be noted that the Grand Embassy went by the northern sea route, while tropical fever can be “earned” in southern waters, and even then, only after visiting the jungle.
In addition, after returning from the Great Embassy, Peter I, during naval battles, demonstrated extensive experience in boarding combat, which has specific features that can only be mastered by experience. Which requires personal participation in many boarding battles.
All this together suggests that the person who returned with the Great Embassy was an experienced sailor who participated in many naval battles and sailed a lot in the southern seas.
Before the trip, Peter I did not take part in naval battles, if only because during his childhood and youth, Muscovy or Moscow Tartaria did not have access to the seas, with the exception of the White Sea, which simply cannot be called tropical. Yes, and on this Peter I was not often, and even then, as an honorary passenger.
During his visit to the Solovetsky Monastery, the boat on which he was miraculously saved during a storm, and he personally makes a memorial cross for the Archangel Cathedral, on the occasion of salvation in a storm.
And if we add to this the fact that he often corresponded with his beloved wife (Tsarina Evdokia), whom he missed, when he was away, upon his return from the Great Embassy, without even seeing her, without explaining the reasons, he sends him to a convent .
In the work of D.S. Merezhkovsky "Antichrist", the author noted a complete change in the appearance, character and psyche of Tsar Peter I after his return from the "German lands", where he went for two weeks, and returned two years later.
The Russian embassy that accompanied the tsar consisted of 20 people, and was headed by A.D. Menshikov. After returning to Russia, this embassy consisted of only the Dutch (including the notorious Lefort), only Menshikov remained the only one from the old composition.
This "embassy" brought a completely different tsar, who spoke Russian poorly, did not recognize his friends and relatives, which immediately betrayed a substitution: This forced Tsarina Sophia, the sister of the real Tsar Peter I, to raise archers against the impostor. As you know, the Streltsy rebellion was brutally suppressed, Sophia was hanged on the Spassky Gates of the Kremlin, the impostor exiled the wife of Peter I to a monastery, where she never reached, and called his own from Holland.
“His” brother Ivan V and “his” little children Alexander, Natalya and Lavrenty False Peter immediately killed, although the official story tells us about this in a completely different way. And he executed the youngest son Alexei as soon as he tried to free his real father from the Bastille.
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Peter the impostor did such transformations with Russia that we are still echoing around. He began to act like an ordinary conqueror:
He defeated the Russian self-government - "zemstvo" and replaced it with the bureaucratic apparatus of foreigners who brought theft, debauchery and drunkenness to Russia and vigorously planted it here;
He transferred the peasants to the property of the nobles, which turned them into slaves (to whiten the image of the impostor, this “event” falls on Ivan IV);
He defeated the merchants and began to plant industrialists, which led to the destruction of the former universality of people;
He defeated the clergy - the carriers of Russian culture and destroyed Orthodoxy, bringing it closer to Catholicism, which inevitably gave rise to atheism;
Introduced smoking, drinking alcohol and coffee;
He destroyed the ancient Russian calendar, rejuvenating our civilization by 5503 years;
He ordered all Russian chronicles to be brought to Petersburg, and then, like Filaret, he ordered them to be burned. He called on the German "professors" to write a completely different Russian history;
Under the guise of a struggle with the old faith, he destroyed all the elders who lived for more than three hundred years;
He forbade the cultivation of amaranth and the use of amaranth bread, which was the main food of the Russian people, which destroyed the longevity on Earth, which then remained in Russia;
He abolished natural measures: a fathom, a finger, an elbow, an inch, which were present in clothes, utensils and architecture, making them fixed in the Western manner. This led to the destruction of ancient Russian architecture and art, to the disappearance of the beauty of everyday life. As a result, people ceased to be beautiful, since divine and vital proportions disappeared in their structure;
He replaced the Russian title system with the European one, which turned the peasants into an estate. Although the "peasant" is a title, higher than the king, about which there is more than one evidence;
Destroyed the Russian script, which consisted of 151 characters, and introduced 43 characters of the Cyril and Methodius script;
He disarmed the Russian army, exterminating the archers as a caste with their miraculous abilities and magical weapons, and introduced primitive firearms and stabbing weapons in a European manner, dressing the army first in French and then in German uniforms, although the Russian military uniform was itself a weapon. Among the people, the new regiments were called "amusing".
But his main crime is the destruction of Russian education (image + sculpture), the essence of which was to create three subtle bodies in a person, which he does not receive from birth, and if they are not formed, then the consciousness will not have a connection with the consciousnesses of past lives. If in Russian educational institutions a generalist was made from a person who could, starting from bast shoes and ending with a spaceship, do everything himself, then Peter introduced a specialization that made him dependent on others.
Before Peter the Pretender, people in Russia did not know what wine was, he ordered barrels of wine to be rolled out onto the square and the townspeople to drink for free. This was done to ward off the memory of a past life. During the period of Peter, the persecution of babies who were born, remembering their past lives and able to speak, continued. Their persecution began with John IV. The mass destruction of infants with past life memories cast a curse on all incarnations of such children. It is no coincidence that today, when a talking child is born, he lives no more than two hours.
After all these deeds, the invaders themselves did not dare to call Peter the Great for a long time. And only in the 19th century, when the horrors of Peter the Great had already been forgotten, did a version arose about Peter the innovator, who did so much useful for Russia, even brought potatoes and tomatoes from Europe, allegedly brought there from America. Solanaceae (potatoes, tomatoes) were widely represented in Europe even before Peter. Their endemic and very ancient presence on this continent is confirmed by a large species diversity, which took more than one thousand years. On the contrary, it is known that it was during the time of Peter that a campaign was launched against witchcraft, in other words, food culture (today the word "witchcraft" is used in a sharply negative sense). Before Peter there were 108 types of nuts, 108 types of vegetables, 108 types of fruits, 108 types of berries, 108 types of root nodules, 108 types of cereals, 108 spices and 108 types of fruits *, corresponding to 108 - Russian gods.
After Peter, there were units of sacred species used for food, which a person can see for himself. In Europe, this was done even earlier. Cereals, fruits and nodules were especially destroyed, since they were associated with the reincarnation of a person. The only thing that Peter the impostor did was allowed to cultivate potatoes (Orthodox Old Believers do not use them for food), sweet potato and earthen pear, which today are poorly eaten. The destruction of sacred plants consumed at a certain time led to the loss of complex divine reactions of the body (remember the Russian proverb “every vegetable has its own time”). Moreover, the mixing of food caused putrefactive processes in the body, and now people exude stench instead of fragrance. Adoptogenic plants have almost disappeared, only weakly active ones remain: the “root of life”, lemongrass, zamaniha, golden root. They contributed to the adaptation of a person to difficult conditions and kept a person young and healthy. There are absolutely no metamorphizing plants left that contribute to various metamorphoses of the body and appearance, about 20 years ago, the “Sacred Coil” was found in the mountains of Tibet, and even that has disappeared today.
* Today, the word “fruit” is understood as a unifying concept, which includes fruits, nuts, berries, which used to be called simply gifts, while gifts of herbs and shrubs were called fruits. An example of fruits are peas, beans (pods), peppers, i.e. peculiar unsweetened fruits of herbs.
The campaign to impoverish our diet continues and at present, Kalega and sorghum have almost disappeared from consumption, it is forbidden to grow poppies. From many sacred gifts, only the names remain, which are given to us today as synonyms for famous fruits. For example: pruhva, kaliva, bukhma, landushka, which are passed off as rutabaga, or armud, kvit, pigwa, gutey, gun - disappeared gifts that are passed off as quince. Kukish and dulya in the 19th century denoted a pear, although these were completely different gifts, today these words are used to call the image of a fig (also, by the way, a gift). A fist with an inserted thumb, used to denote the mudra of the heart, today it is used as a negative sign. Dulya, figs and figs were no longer grown, because they were sacred plants among the Khazars and Varangians. Already recently, proska has been called “millet”, barley - barley, and millet and barley cereals have disappeared forever from the humankind of agriculture.
What happened to the real Peter I? He was captured by the Jesuits and placed in a Swedish fortress. He managed to convey the letter to Charles XII, King of Sweden, and he rescued him from captivity. Together they organized a campaign against the impostor, but the entire Jesuit-Masonic fraternity of Europe, called to fight, together with the Russian troops (whose relatives were taken hostage in case the troops decide to go over to the side of Charles), won at Poltava. The real Russian Tsar Peter I was again captured and placed away from Russia - in the Bastille, where he later died. An iron mask was put on his face, which caused a lot of talk in France and Europe. The Swedish king Charles XII fled to Turkey, from where he tried again to organize a campaign against the impostor.
It would seem, kill the real Peter, and there would be no trouble. But the fact of the matter is, the invaders of the Earth needed a conflict, and without a living king behind bars, neither the Russian-Swedish war nor the Russian-Turkish war would have succeeded, which in fact were civil wars that led to the formation of two new states : Turkey and Sweden, and then a few more. But the real intrigue was not only in the creation of new states. In the 18th century, all of Russia knew and talked about the fact that Peter I was not a real tsar, but an impostor. And against this background, the “great Russian historians” who arrived from the German lands: Miller, Bayer, Schlozer and Kuhn, who completely distorted the history of Russia, no longer presented any particular difficulty in declaring all the Dmitriev tsars False Dmitrys and impostors who did not have the right to the throne, and who did not managed to groan, they changed the royal surname to - Rurik.
The genius of Satanism is Roman law, which is the basis of the constitutions of modern states. It was created contrary to all ancient canons and ideas about a society based on self-government (autocracy).
For the first time, judicial power was transferred from the hands of the priests to the hands of people who did not have a spiritual dignity, i.e. the power of the best was replaced by the power of anyone.
Roman law is presented to us as the “crown” of human achievement, in reality it is the pinnacle of disorder and irresponsibility. State laws under Roman law are based on prohibitions and punishments, i.e. on negative emotions, which, as you know, can only destroy. This leads to a general lack of interest in the implementation of laws and to opposition of officials to the people. Even in the circus, work with animals is based not only on a whip, but also on a carrot, but a person on our planet is rated lower than animals by conquerors.
In contrast to Roman law, the Russian state was built not on prohibitive laws, but on the conscience of citizens, which strikes a balance between encouragement and prohibition. Let us recall how the Byzantine historian Procopius of Caesarea wrote about the Slavs: "They had all the laws in their heads." Relations in ancient society were regulated by the principles of horse, from which the words “canon” (ancient - konon), “from time immemorial”, “chambers” (i.e. according to horse) have come down to us. Guided by the principles of the horse, a person avoided mistakes and could incarnate again in this life. The principle is always above the law, because it contains more possibilities than the law, just as a sentence contains more information than one word. The very word "law" means "beyond the horse." If a society lives according to the principles of the horse, and not according to the laws, it is more vital. Commandments contain more than a horse, and therefore surpass it, just as a story contains more than a sentence. The commandments can improve human organization and thinking, which in turn can improve the principles of the horse.
As the remarkable Russian thinker I.L. Solonevich, who knew from his own experience the charms of Western democracy, in addition to the long-lived Russian monarchy, based on popular representation (zemstvo), merchants and clergy (meaning pre-Petrine times), democracy and dictatorship were invented, replacing each other in 20-30 years. However, let us give him the floor himself: “Professor Whipper is not entirely right when he writes that the modern humanities are only “theological scholasticism and nothing more”; it is something much worse: it is deceit. This is a whole collection of deceptive travel signals, beckoning us to the mass graves of famine and executions, typhus and wars, internal ruin and external destruction.
The “science” of Diderot, Rousseau, D’Alembert and others has already completed its cycle: there was famine, there was terror, there were wars, and there was the external defeat of France in 1814, in 1871, in 1940. The science of Hegel, Mommsen, Nietzsche and Rosenberg also ended its cycle: there was terror, there were wars, there was famine and there was defeat in 1918 and 1945. The science of the Chernyshevskys, Lavrovs, Mikhailovskys, Milyukovs and Lenins has not yet gone through the whole cycle: there is hunger, there is terror, there were wars, both internal and external, but the defeat will still come: inevitable and inevitable, one more payment for the verbiage of two hundred years, for swamp lights lit by our masters of thoughts over the most rotten places of a real historical swamp.
Not always the philosophers listed by Solonevich themselves came up with ideas that could destroy society: they were often prompted to them.
V.A. Shemshuk "Return of Paradise to Earth"
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“With other European peoples, you can achieve the goal in philanthropic ways, but not so with the Russians ... I am not dealing with people, but with animals that I want to turn into people” - such a documented phrase of Peter 1 very clearly conveys his attitude towards the Russian people.
It is hard to believe that these same "animals", in gratitude for this, called him the Great.
Russophobes will immediately try to explain everything by the fact that yes, he made people out of animals, and only because of this Russia became Great and the “animals” that became people thankfully called him the Great.
Or maybe this is the gratitude of the owners of the Romanovs for the perfectly fulfilled obligations to destroy precisely the traces of the greatness of the Russian People, which haunted those who wanted to create a Great History for themselves, the ruling circles of states that until recently were provincial outlying provinces?
And it was this very Greatness of the Russian People that did not allow them to create it?
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One can talk a lot and interestingly about Peter I. For example, today it is already known that his short but intense reign actually cost the Russian people more than 20 million lives (read the article by N.V. Levashov “Visible and invisible genocide” about this). Maybe that's why the man who is called today Peter I is now declared "great"?
Anyone interested in this topic can also watch the video:
The film "Peter and Peter" is just a few answers to hundreds of questions about the real deeds of the one who today is called "the great" Peter. This is an attempt to raise the most necessary questions and search for truthful answers to them, and not the stupidity and obvious lies that our historians and politicians give. The film is based on the materials of Academician N.V. Levashova, E.T. Byda and some other authors...
Peter the Great was born on May 30 (June 9), 1672 in Moscow. In the biography of Peter 1, it is important to note that he was the youngest son of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich from his second marriage to Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina. From one year he was brought up by nannies. And after the death of his father, at the age of four, Peter's half-brother and new Tsar Fyodor Alekseevich became Peter's guardian.
From the age of 5, little Peter began to learn the alphabet. The clerk N. M. Zotov gave him lessons. However, the future king received a poor education and was not distinguished by literacy.
Rise to power
In 1682, after the death of Fyodor Alekseevich, 10-year-old Peter and his brother Ivan were proclaimed kings. But in fact, their elder sister, Princess Sofya Alekseevna, took over the management.
At this time, Peter and his mother were forced to move away from the court and move to the village of Preobrazhenskoye. Here, Peter 1 becomes interested in military activities, he creates "amusing" regiments, which later became the basis of the Russian army. He is fond of firearms, shipbuilding. He spends a lot of time in the German Quarter, becomes a fan of European life, makes friends.
In 1689, Sophia was removed from the throne, and power passed to Peter I, and the government of the country was entrusted to his mother and uncle L.K. Naryshkin.
King's reign
Peter continued the war with the Crimea, took the fortress of Azov. Further actions of Peter I were aimed at creating a powerful fleet. The foreign policy of Peter I of that time was focused on finding allies in the war with the Ottoman Empire. For this purpose, Peter went to Europe.
At this time, the activities of Peter I consisted only in the creation of political unions. He studies shipbuilding, device, culture of other countries. He returned to Russia after the news of the Streltsy rebellion. As a result of the trip, he wanted to change Russia, for which several innovations were made. For example, the Julian calendar was introduced.
For the development of trade, access to the Baltic Sea was required. So the next stage of the reign of Peter I was the war with Sweden. Having made peace with Turkey, he captured the fortress of Noteburg, Nienschanz. In May 1703, the construction of St. Petersburg began. The following year, Narva and Dorpat were taken. In June 1709, Sweden was defeated in the Battle of Poltava. Shortly after the death of Charles XII, peace was concluded between Russia and Sweden. New lands joined Russia, access to the Baltic Sea was obtained.
Reforming Russia
In October 1721, the title of emperor was adopted in the biography of Peter the Great.
Also during his reign, Kamchatka was annexed, the coast of the Caspian Sea was conquered.
Peter I carried out military reform several times. Basically, it concerned the collection of money for the maintenance of the army and navy. It was carried out, in short, by force.
Further reforms of Peter I accelerated the technical and economic development of Russia. He spent church reform, financial, transformations in industry, culture, trade. In education, he also carried out a number of reforms aimed at mass education: many schools for children and the first gymnasium in Russia (1705) were opened.
Death and legacy
Before his death, Peter I was very ill, but continued to rule the state. Peter the Great died on January 28 (February 8), 1725 from inflammation of the bladder. The throne passed to his wife, Empress Catherine I.
The strong personality of Peter I, who sought to change not only the state, but also the people, played a crucial role in the history of Russia.
Cities were named after the Great Emperor after his death.
Monuments to Peter I were erected not only in Russia, but also in many European countries. One of the most famous is the Bronze Horseman in St. Petersburg.
Other biography options
- Contemporaries and historians note that Peter I was tall, more than two meters, beautiful, lively features and noble posture. Despite the formidable dimensions, the king still could not be called a hero - 39 shoe size and 48 clothing size. Such disproportion was observed literally in everything: for his gigantic growth, shoulders, small arms and head were too narrow. His frequent swiftness and fast walking did not save the situation. Those around him did not feel strength and power in him. He conquered others.
- see all