Mother of God what day. What date and how is the feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary celebrated
On Friday, September 21, all Orthodox believers celebrate Christmas Holy Lady Our Mother of God and Ever-Virgin Mary
This twelfth non-passing Mother of God holiday is celebrated as one of the great holidays, considered the day of the beginning of the Russian state, as indicated on the monument to the Millennium of Russia, erected in Novgorod in 1862, during the reign of Emperor Alexander I.
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary: history
When the time approached for the birth of the Savior of the world, in the Galilean city of Nazareth lived a descendant of King David, Joachim, with his wife Anna, pious people and known not for their royal origin, but for humility and mercy. Their whole life was imbued with love for God. They distributed most of their money to the poor, fed and watered the poor, often visited synagogues, which they decorated at their own expense. They lived to a ripe old age, but did not have children, which made them very sad. At that time, every Jew hoped through his offspring to be a participant in the kingdom of the Messiah, and if there were no children, this was considered a great punishment of God for sins.
Once, on a big feast, Joachim went to the temple to make a sacrifice. The priest, having learned that Joachim was childless, did not allow him to do this. The Jews who were here began to laugh at him and insult him. What happened so saddened Joachim that he did not want to return home, but went to the desert, where his flocks were grazing. Here, in prayers to God, he made a promise until then not to eat, not to drink and not to return home until God heard his prayers.
Anna, his wife, stayed at home. Hearing about what had happened, she began to pray to God even more fervently and made a promise to give the child to the service of the Lord, if He was pleased to hear their prayer. During this prayer, an angel appeared to her and said: “Your prayer has been answered, the Lord will send you a daughter, whom you will call Mary.” At the same time, an angel appeared to Joachim and announced the same good news.
For patience great faith and love for God and for each other, the Lord sent this great joy to Joachim and Anna - at the end of their lives they had a daughter. At the direction of the Angel, her parents gave her the name Mary, which means in Hebrew "Lady, Hope." The birth of Mary brought joy not only to Her parents, but to all people, because She was destined by God to be the Mother of the Son of God, the Savior of the world. Parents kept their Blessed Daughter like the apple of their eye and not only loved like a daughter, but also revered, remembering what the Angel said about her. When She was three years old, they brought Mary to the temple, and, according to the promise, dedicated to God. This event is celebrated under the name of the Entry into the Temple Holy Mother of God December 4 (November 21 O.S.).
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary: Traditions
At any divine service, the Blessed Virgin Mary, who has been honored to be the Mother of our Savior Jesus Christ, is praised, and Her parents, Saints Joachim and Anna, are mentioned. Righteous Joachim and Anna, according to popular belief, are the main helpers in marital infertility, they are called Godfathers.
The service in the temple begins before sunrise, all women light candles and leave notes with requests near the icon. During the service, they sincerely pray and ask for health for children and loved ones, harmony in family relationships well-being in the family, healing from ailments and giving the opportunity to give birth to a healthy child.
Also on this day, it was customary to help the poor by giving them food (bread and pastries baked in advance, different types cereals, vegetables and fruits grown by one's own hands).
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary: Traditions
There are many signs associated with this day, which are passed down from generation to generation:
Before the holiday, the Orthodox tried to harvest the entire crop and finish the agricultural season;
Our ancestors noticed that if a woman has time to swim before the first rays of the sun, then her beauty is until old age;
On the day of the Nativity of the Virgin, unmarried girls read prayers for a future happy family life, about the birth of healthy firstborns and glorified the Most Holy Theotokos;
The newlyweds invited their relatives to visit: the young wife tried to surprise them with her culinary skills, and her husband, through housekeeping, in particular, showed his relatives the animals grown in the farmstead during the year.
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary 2017: what not to do on this holiday
On the day of the Nativity of the Virgin, the following actions cannot be performed:
to swear or quarrel with relatives, friends and strangers;
hard work, you need to allow yourself to rest on this day;
throw away crumbs after eating (they must be left to animals);
call someone bad names, or use obscene and angry words.
Customs and Traditions of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary
It has long been considered that this is a holiday for all women and mothers. On this day, they thank the Most Holy Theotokos for the possibility of procreation, for the birth of the Son of God by Her.
What prayer to read before the icon of the Most Holy Theotokos?
The celebration of the Birth of the Virgin Mary is a gratitude to God for salvation and the opportunity to get rid of sin. Believers, putting on their festive clothes, go to church to sing praises to the Lord, thank Him, pray to the Mother of God, put a candle to Her. On this day, you can contact her with your troubles, requests, anxieties. The appeals made to Her on this holiday will be heard. However, the Mother of God on other days never ignores those who pray to Her, rejoicing that people turn to her. Prayers are read before the icon, asking not only for themselves, but also for others.
Prayer to the Mother of God:
“O Holy Mother of God! Look with mercy on the prayers of us, Thy sinful and humble servants, and implore God, Thy Son, may He grant us and all who flow to You, health of the soul and body and all that is necessary for eternal and temporal life, may we forgive any sin of the free and involuntary; may he deliver us from all sorrows and illnesses, and misfortunes, and all evil conditions. To her, our Tsarina Preblagaya, Our hope is indestructible and the Intercessor is invincible! Do not turn Your face away from us, for the multitude of our transgressions; but stretch out to us the hand of Thy motherly mercy and create with us a sign for good. Show us Your rich help and prosper in every good deed; turn us away from every sinful undertaking and evil mind, let us glorify Your Most Honorable Name and worship Your honest image, and magnify God the Father, and His Only Begotten Son, our Lord Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit with all the saints, forever and ever. Amen"
Make a wish in front of the icon of the Mother of God. How to ask the Mother of God for well-being for your family and yourself?
Women asked the Mother of God for well-being for their home, family members. They placed candles for Her, the bottom of which was wrapped in advance with pieces of paper with written wishes. When the candle burned, they looked at which edge would be burned first - the desire written there would come true. The completely burnt paper meant that the Mother of God had heard all the requests. The best gift for the Most Holy Theotokos is the faith of people, the purity of their souls, the ability to love.
Bread from all diseases for the Nativity of the Virgin
On this holiday, housewives bake bread with the first letters of its name - “The Nativity of the Virgin” for each family member. They were kept until the Nativity of Christ under images. When one of the family members fell ill, they were given bread with holy water, which is consecrated on the feast of the Nativity of the Mother of God. Sometimes, for treatment, they were crushed into holy water and given to drink it.
What can you eat on the feast of the birth of the Virgin?
This day falls on a fast, but you can eat fish on a holiday. Cooked dishes were treated to loved ones and, of course, the poor. Women should give alms in the form of food and money so that God would give them children and family well-being. He punishes women who are begging for alms with barrenness.
Tables are laid generously on this day. It is believed that this is gratitude to nature for giving a rich harvest. Bake pies with different fillings, set the table with gifts of the earth. The holiday is celebrated for a long time - from several days to two weeks, depending on how the harvest was - rich or poor.
Is it possible to get married on the Nativity of the Virgin?
The owners of apiaries removed the hives from them so that the bees would not freeze. They were fed with sugar.
Onion week begins with a holiday. The vegetables were removed from the fields and gardens, and the time for gatherings began for the girls. Young people came to them, brought refreshments, sang songs.
From this holiday begins the wedding season. All the summer things are done, you can devote time to the celebration. Nature begins a new round of its life, which means it's time to start a family.
How to ask the Mother of God for the conception and birth of a child?
On the Nativity of the Mother of God, the childless turn to Her with a prayer, asking for the onset of pregnancy, easy childbirth, and the birth of a healthy baby. They read such a prayer near Her image:
Prayer to the Mother of God for the birth of a baby:
“Oh, Most Pure and Blessed Virgin, asked of God by holy prayers, consecrated to God, beloved by God, and for the sake of purity for the sake of your soul and body by the Mother of the Son of God, our Lord Jesus Christ, chosen. Who will not please You or who will not sing of Your glorious Nativity, for Your Birth is the beginning of our salvation. Accept from us, unworthy, praise to you and do not reject our prayer. We confess your greatness, we fall down to You in tenderness and ask the child-loving and merciful Mother quickly in intercession: ask Your Son and our God to give us sinners, sincere repentance and a pious life, and the opportunity to live pleasing to God and our souls useful. O Most Blessed Virgin Mary, Queen of heaven and earth, look graciously on Your servants who have not yet been able to give birth to offspring and, through Your all-powerful intercession, grant them healing from infertility. O Mother of God and the Nourisher of our life, wake us to help and save the faithful children of the Holy Church, hear our prayers, heal the sick, quench sorrow, direct courage for good. Meanwhile, we humbly resort to You and ask: ask the All-Merciful Lord God for forgiveness of all our sins, voluntary and involuntary, for our suffering fatherland, salvation, peace, silence and piety. And everything that is so necessary for our life and salvation, ask us of Your Son, Christ our God. You are our hope at the hour of death, grant us a Christian death, and the inheritance of the eternal and inexpressible blessings of the Kingdom of Heaven. With all the saints, we tirelessly ask you for intercession and glorify the one True God, worshiped in the Holy Trinity, the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. Amen"
Or this prayer:
Prayer to the Virgin Mary for the birth of a baby:
“O my Most Holy Lady Theotokos, my hope is unshakable, accept these prayers with great hope and faith in Your immeasurable mercy, have mercy on the servant of God (name) and grant me healing from my infertility and the opportunity to conceive a child from my husband”
How to charge your home with good luck and prosperity in the coming year?
The Nativity of the Virgin is celebrated hospitably. It is customary to visit friends and relatives.
A young family invites parents to visit them, treats them with goodies, boasts of their household. Not only parents come - the house is visited by grandfathers, grandmothers, elders. The young hostess should please the guests with a delicious pie, cooked with her own hands. If the dish turned out to be delicious, she is presented with a gift. If not, they give instructions, advice on how to become a good housewife. At the table, the old people tell the young about signs and rituals. If a couple fulfills them and listens to the recommendations of the older generation, their life develops friendly and cloudless. The crumbs left from the eaten pie are scattered around the barn so that the cattle do not get sick, are not destroyed by wandering animals, and the harvest is not spoiled by birds.
Be sure to visit your parents. They go to them in the evening, not empty-handed, but with delicious treats. So that the couple is not afraid of a bad eye, the wife ties a braid with embroidered letters “P” and “B” on her clothes. If she gets untied from her clothes, untied, this is a sign of envy from others.
It is believed that with the birth of the Virgin, a new life begins. In order for the year to be prosperous and successful, the fire was renewed in the old days. Everyone in the hut had a torch that was always on fire. On the Nativity of the Virgin, it was extinguished, and then lit again. It was believed that this would help to leave behind sorrows and illnesses, and in new life take only good health and joy.
Rite of protection of children from diseases and troubles
In the old days, people kindled bonfires and burned worn out shoes and clothes in them. This protected them from damage, disease and adversity. It was customary to pour water on children when they crossed the threshold.
On this day, the Second Autumn and the autumn day of the equinox are celebrated. The holiday is associated with the entry of autumn into its own rights. From early morning, women go to the reservoirs to meet Osenina. They took treats with them - jelly, oatmeal bread. Osenins are dedicated to gratitude to nature for the harvest. In order not to lose beauty to the very gray hairs, women washed themselves before the sun rose. The girls did this so that the groom would marry. Two holidays merge into one, although they have different origins.
0The Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, like the Nativity of Christ, is one of the most important Orthodox holidays. Important traditions are associated with this celebration, which every Orthodox believer must observe.
On September 21, solemn services will be held in many churches of our country in honor of the Birth of the Great Mother of God. It was on this day that the Virgin Mary was born, who later gave the world the Savior - Jesus Christ.
The Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, like other church holidays, has its own traditions. From time immemorial, people have honored and observed them. For believers, this day had a special spiritual power.
Women and girls on September 21 went early in the morning to the river. It was believed that if a woman washes before sunrise, her beauty will last until old age. If an unmarried girl washes before sunrise, then this year she will be betrothed.
The newlyweds invited their parents to visit. It was believed that parents should give advice on the housework to the bride and groom on this day. The young wife prepared a festive cake and treated the guests. If the cake burned, then her husband was given a whip to punish his wife for spoiling the dish. In turn, the groom showed how he runs the household in the yard. If at the end of the holiday the guests were satisfied, they presented gifts to the young and thanked for the hospitality.
It was an obligatory tradition for women on this holiday to attend church in order to light a candle to the Most Holy Theotokos. The candle was wrapped with a piece of paper, on which they wrote their requests in advance. What desires will burn, those will be fulfilled. If all desires were burned, then all requests will be fulfilled.
Signs for the Nativity of the Virgin
In addition to the traditions that had to be observed, many traditions were associated with this holiday. folk signs, most of concerning the weather.
To find out how cold the winter will be, birdwatching was done that day. If they fly low and huddle together, they expected a cold winter, if they flew high in the sky, they expected a warm one.
If Christmas morning is foggy, then the weather will be rainy in autumn, and if the sky is cloudless in the morning, then dry and cold weather should be expected.
It was believed that on the Nativity of the Virgin, the Sun and the Moon play hide and seek. From that time on, the autumnal equinox came, when the length of the day turned out to be equal to the length of the night. The day will get shorter after that.
Women who did not give to those who asked on Christmas could not hope to give birth to children in the coming year. This is due to the special symbolism of the holiday and the significance of the Mother of God in Orthodox culture, which has always been considered the patroness of mothers and motherhood.
Not only did our ancestors pay attention to important church events, but even now people treat Orthodox holidays with respect. On this day in churches and temples you can see many believers who came to pray, ask the Holy Virgin for forgiveness, blessings and, of course, health. Take care of yourself and your loved ones and don't forget to press the buttons and
19.09.2017 04:23
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The feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a very important event in the Orthodox Church. We celebrated this holiday for a week. They prepared a variety of dishes, cleaned the house, waiting for the arrival of dear guests. The work on the land plots was completed, so you could afford to have a good rest.
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin
AT Holy Scripture no mention is made of the birth and life of the Virgin Mary. We learn about her life path from the words of believers, who were passed down from generation to generation. It is from the sacred records that we discover the secrets of the birth of a woman who went through many torments, faithfully served God and gave all of herself for the birth and upbringing of the son of God and the savior of all mankind.
The parents of the Virgin Mary were deeply religious, humble and merciful people. Father - Joachim was of royal origin, and mother - Anna, was brought up in the family of a clergyman, deeply honored all religious traditions, customs and rituals. Parents strictly adhered to the basic commandments of God and often brought gifts to the church.
Despite this, for a long time, they could not have children, which at that time was considered a huge sin, bearing their heavy life cross until a respectable age, never tired of asking God for mercy on their sinful souls.
The father, once again, having come to the temple of God, and having made a sacrifice, was expelled by the clergyman as a childless person. He felt peace and a sincere desire to turn to God with a sincere prayer for a desired, long-awaited child.
Secluded, he tirelessly called out to the Creator of the World, his prayers were so pure and intimate that they were immediately heard, and as a reward for devotional service, he became the chosen one from all people living on Earth, to give birth to a daughter who will save the whole world.
Joachim and Anna made a promise to fulfill the will of the Creator and raise the child, in all the strictness of religious rites, knowing about her mission and destiny on Earth - to become the Mother of the Savior of mankind.
The Orthodox Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos marked the beginning of a new period in the life of all people on Earth.
Icon "Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary"
The life path of the Mother of God was not easy, she experienced a lot of grief, suffering and torment, seeing how the only, beloved son crucified on Christ, in whom she invested all her knowledge, soul and heart, dies. Not many people can stand this.
Having worthily passed all the trials of life, she did not regret for a moment that she devoted her whole life to God. She treated all people with love and always prayed for the remission of their sins and the granting of God's mercy and forgiveness. With her righteousness, life aspirations and wisdom, as well as her unshakable desire to give herself entirely to the service of God, this woman became the protector of all people living on Earth.
One of the basic life truths of all mankind is the birth of healthy, happy children - the successors of the family. But not every young family is given the opportunity to have children, so many turn to the icon of the Birth of the Mother of God with prayers, with requests for the birth of a new life. After all, conception itself is a miracle that happened to the mother of the Virgin Mary.
The main thing is not to lose hope and believe in the miracles of the Lord. It is in this Great holiday young girls pray for the creation of a new family and the opportunity to have healthy children, mothers - for the health of their children, for the healing of relatives and friends from ailments and diseases.
On the Icon of the Birth of the Most Holy Theotokos, the moment of the birth of the future mother of Jesus Christ is depicted. All those who pray before this icon for the salvation of a sinful soul and repentance for violating the Commandments of God are granted forgiveness.
In Orthodoxy, in honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, the following icons were created:
- The clay icon of the Birth of the Mother of God is known for its miraculous properties, which healed many lost souls. It helps women recover from gynecological diseases and infertility;
- St. Isaac's Icon of the Birth of the Mother of God - was seen by people between the branches of a weeping willow, on the banks of the river. The inhabitants of the nearby village moved it to the temple, and over time, in the place where they found it, they built a new temple, which still exists today. She was the protector of babies and small children;
- The Lukian Icon of the Birth of the Mother of God is named after the monk Lucian, who first saw it, built a new church and created a monastery on this site. It is famous for its miraculous, healing qualities and protects against infantile ailments.
Here is the text of the prayer:
“Hey, our Tsarina Preblagaya, Our hope is indestructible and the Intercessor is invincible! Do not turn Your face away from us, for the multitude of our transgressions; but stretch out to us the hand of Thy motherly mercy, and work with us a sign for good. Show us Your rich help and prosper in every good deed; turn us away from every sinful undertaking and the evil mind.”
Service of the Nativity of the Virgin
September 21 The Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a great Orthodox holiday for all believers. They prepare for it very carefully, adhering to all church rites and canons.
The service in the church begins before sunrise, all women light candles and write requests, placing them near the icon. During the service, they sincerely pray and ask for health for children and loved ones, harmony in family relationships, well-being in the family, a cure for many ailments and the opportunity to give birth to a healthy child.
It was considered for granted that on this day to help vulnerable segments of the population by distributing food (bread and pastries baked in advance, various types of cereals, vegetables and fruits grown by one's own hands).
There are many signs that are passed down from generation to generation:
- Before this holiday, practically on all land plots they tried to harvest the entire grown crop, thus ending the agricultural season;
- Our ancestors noticed that if a woman has time to swim before the first rays of the sun, then beauty will not leave her until old age;
- On the day of the Nativity of the Virgin , girls prepared for weddings, read prayers for a future happy family life, for the birth of healthy first-borns and glorified the Most Holy Theotokos;
- The newlyweds met relatives: the young wife tried to show her best culinary dishes, and her husband showed the animals grown throughout the year.
The Lord is always with you!
September 21 is the day of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary is considered the first in the cycle of the great twelfth holidays. According to church tradition, the pious parents of the Virgin Mary, Joachim, who came from the family of King David, and Anna, from the family of the high priest ... ... Encyclopedia of newsmakers
Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, a Christian holiday, is celebrated on September 8 (21). AT Orthodox Church is one of the Twelve Feasts of the Theotokos (see TWELVE HOLIDAYS), the annual cycle begins with it church holidays.… … encyclopedic Dictionary
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary- the twelfth Feast of the Theotokos, celebrated on September 21 (8). Established by the Church in memory of the birth of the Most Holy Theotokos from childless and elderly, but pious parents Joachim and Anna. Shame and dishonor accompanied the childless ... ... Orthodox Encyclopedia
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary- cf. One of the main Christian church holidays, established according to church doctrine in memory of the birth of the Virgin Mary, mother of Jesus Christ, in Nazareth in Galilee (celebrated by the Orthodox on September 8, old style or September 21 ... ... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Efremova
NATIVITY OF THE HOLY MOTHER OF GOD- the beginning of all Christian holidays. And not only because this is the first twelfth holiday of the new church year (September 1/14, the beginning of the indictment of the church new year), but also the beginning of the fulfillment of the salvation of the human race promised by God from ... ... Russian history
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary- a holiday of the Orthodox Church, one of the twelve, established in memory of the birth of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The Virgin Mary was born in the Galilean city of Nazareth, in the family of the holy righteous Joachim and Anna. Her parents were childless and in advanced years ... Fundamentals of spiritual culture ( encyclopedic Dictionary teacher)
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary- the first in a series of twelve fixed holidays in the annual liturgical cycle; celebrated on 8 (21) September. The holiday was established in the IV century. It is dedicated to the "beginning of our salvation", the birth of the Virgin Mary. The circumstances of this event are not described in ... ... Orthodoxy. Dictionary-reference
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin according to the Orthodox calendar- September 21 (September 8, old style) the Orthodox Church celebrates the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The Nativity of the Mother of God is the first twelfth feast of the church year, which begins on September 14 (September 1, old style) ... Encyclopedia of newsmakers
Glinskaya Nativity of the Mother of God ICON- (holiday Sept. 8, Oct. 23), according to the tradition kept by the monks of Glinskaya in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed. The Mother of God is empty, revealed on a pine tree in the forest, called the "side-hole", during the collection of honey. From under the root of a pine, on which an icon was found, it became ... ... Orthodox Encyclopedia
Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary- This term has other meanings, see Annunciation (meanings) ... Wikipedia
Books
- , Malkov Petr Yurievich. An anthology of patristic creations for the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary includes works from different traditions and eras, by Byzantine, Russian and Serbian authors - from St. Andrew of Crete and ... Buy for 468 rubles
- Nativity of the Blessed Virgin. Anthology of patristic sermons, Malkov P. Yu.
Nativity of Our Most Holy Lady Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary- the first (from the Slavic " twoteen"- twelve) church year. He is the first according to the chronology of events in New Testament history, and according to the church calendar, which starts from september and therefore is called in liturgical hymns " the beginning of our salvation». Birth of the Mother of God was the fulfillment of the prophecies that Christ, the Savior of the world, would soon come to earth. The holiday is celebrated annually by the Church September 21 (September 8 old style), is non-transitory and has 1 day of prefeast and 4 days of afterfeast.
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin. holiday event
From the Gospel we learn only the main, most important events of life Mother of God, but it does not say anything about the circumstances of her birth, nor about her later life. These details are brought to us church tradition, that is, ancient legends, church-historical works, as well as hymnographic liturgical heritage, that is, texts of church services. Parents of the Holy Mother of God,Joachim and Anna, the Church calls " godfathers". Joachim was a descendant of the king David, Anna came from the family of the high priest Aaron. They led a righteous and pious life. Tradition says that for themselves they left only a third of the income - the rest was distributed to the needy and donated to the temple. Having reached old age, the couple remained childless. It should be said that childlessness was considered among the Jewish people punishment for sins and therefore Joachim and Anna endured unjust accusations of secret sins. But they did not despair, but hoped for the mercy of God and believed that the Lord, even in old age, could send them a child, as once to Abraham and Sarah.
Saints Joachim and Anna. Fresco from the monastery of Dionysias on Mount Athos
On one of the great Jewish holidays, Joachim came to the Temple of Jerosalm, in order, according to the law of Moses, to offer a sacrifice to God. But the high priest did not accept the gifts of Joachim, accusing him of sins, for which the Lord punishes him with childlessness. Saddened, Joachim did not return home, but went into the desert, where his flocks were grazing. Anna, having learned about what happened in the temple, was also saddened. However, they did not murmur against the Lord, but fervently prayed, asking Him for mercy. Their prayer was heard by the Lord. According to legend, an angel appeared to Joachim in the desert, and Anna in the garden with the joyful news that they would have a daughter. Both immediately went to Jerusalem and met at the Golden Gate. In due time they had a daughter, who was named Maria. Joachim and Anna thanked the Lord with joy and promised to dedicate their child to the service of God. The date of the Nativity of the Virgin is exactly 9 months from the date Orthodox holiday Conceptions of Saint Anne(December 22).
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin in history
One of the first mentions of the holiday Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary found in the 5th century in the words Saint Proclus, Archbishop of Constantinople (439-446). The Jacobites and Nestorians, who separated from the Orthodox Church in the 5th century, also have a holiday on September 8 called “ Nativity of the Lady Mary". In the 7th-8th centuries, the Greek Church already celebrated the holiday with great solemnity. The official approval of this holiday in the Byzantine Empire is attributed to Emperor Mauritius.
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Divine Liturgy for the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary
The service of the feast includes the creations of the Reverend John of Damascus(VIII century) - the first canon; saint Andrew of Crete(VII century) - the second canon; Herman, Patriarch of Constantinople(VIII century) - stichera on stikhovna; Anatoly, Bishop of Thessalonica(IX century) - some stichera on lithium; Stefan and Sergius Svyatogradtsev(IX century) - stichera on "Lord cried out" and some on lithium and stikhovna. In verses for the holiday Nativity of the Virgin contains the doctrinal idea that in the person of the Virgin Mary the Lord prepared for Himself the earthly Throne and the Royal Chamber; that the Mother of God surpasses all women in her majesty, because the Son of God was born from her; that, having resolved the infertility of the parents of the Mother of God, the Lord can also resolve our spiritual infertility, i.e. give us the power to do good. At the same time, in the same verses, all people, both Old Testament and New Testament (those present in the temple), are invited to rejoice and glorify the Mother of God, because through Her heaven was united with earth, hell was put to shame, the doors of paradise, i.e. The kingdoms of heaven were opened to people again, we were renewed and " got pissed”, i.e. become partakers of God's grace.
AT proverbs, read on the feast of the Nativity of the Virgin, the first (Gen. XXVIII, 10-17) speaks of Jacob's vision of a ladder, which represented the Mother of God, connecting heaven with earth; the second proverb (Ezek. XLIII, 27; XLIV, 1-4) contains the prophecy of Ezekiel, who called the Mother of God the gates through which the Holy Elder and Holy House-Builder passed; the third (Prov. IX, 1-11) speaks of the House prepared for itself by Hypostatic Wisdom, i.e. Jesus Christ (This House, built by Wisdom - the Mother of God, the Blessed Virgin Mary, into which the Lord has settled).
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Thoughts canon feast close to the thoughts of the verse. The Apostle (Philip II, 5-11) speaks of the self-abasement and humility of the Son of God, who took the form of a servant, humbled Himself to death on the cross, and for this was glorified above every name. The Gospel (Luke X, 38-42. XI, 27-28) speaks of Christ's stay in the house of Martha and Mary. The oldest hymn of the holiday, probably composed in the 5th-7th centuries, is troparion.
Church Slavonic text:
Rzhctvo2 yours, btsde dv7o, joy to proclaim2 the whole universe. and 3z8 you will rise the sun of truth xrt0s bg ours, destroying the class, give bliss. and 3 celebrate death, giving us eternal life.
Russian text:
Your birth, Virgin Mother of God, announced the joy of the whole universe: because the Sun of Truth shone from You - Christ our God, and, breaking the curse, gave a blessing, and, destroying death, gave us eternal life.
Holiday kontakion. Church Slavonic text:
Ї waki1m and 3 vnna reproach of childlessness, y3 adam and 3 є4vva. t aphids2 mortals freedom1stasz, betterz with ™hm chctv0m your1m. then your people celebrate2, guilt2 sinfulness and 3delivered cries of you, unfruitfulness gives birth to bcd and3 the nourisher of our life.
Russian text:
Joachim and Anna were freed from reproach for childlessness, and Adam and Eve were freed from mortal death by Your holy Birth, Most Pure One. It is also celebrated by Your people, who have got rid of the burden of sin, exclaiming loudly to You: the barren woman gives birth to the Mother of God and the nourisher of our Life.
Feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. folk traditions
Holiday Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary also referred to as " Malaya Immaculate», « Aspos day". According to popular tradition, the time closest to this day was called Spozhinki, Spozhinki or Mistresses. The scope of the festive festivities depended on how the harvest turned out in the new year. With a good harvest, the Mistresses celebrated for a whole week: the more fruitful the summer, the longer the holiday. Village "feasting", timed to coincide with the festivities of the church cycle, took place from and to. The feast unfolded according to all the laws of hospitality: they brewed beer according to the number of guests, slaughtered a sheep or a ram, cooked beef dishes, used the bull’s head and legs for jelly, took fish out of pie, and also, despite the fact that the holiday was fast, they baked a pie made from homemade wheat flour with an admixture of purchased grits. A day or two before the holiday, the children called their relatives to the feast, giving preference to those who are ready to pay for the treat at their holiday. An exception was made for sons-in-law, especially young ones: neither father-in-law nor mother-in-law avoided their invitation, even if they themselves did not count on a response. It was very important that there be good relations between the sons-in-law and the father-in-law and mother-in-law of the daughter, as in the proverb: “Not for the son-in-law, but for the dear child.”
The matchmaker and matchmaker of the father-in-law and mother-in-law of their son were the most important guests, who sat down at the table in the front corner, under the very icons. The village fun was wider and more varied in the area where they were Churches in honor of the Nativity of the Virgin, then in these villages there were various fairs dedicated to the holiday.
Nativity of the Virgin. Icons
The oldest images of the holiday Nativity of the Virgin have been known since the 6th century and were widely used in Byzantine and Russian art in the 11th-12th centuries. The main elements of iconography date back to this time: Anna in a red maforia on a high bed, supported by a maid; right or left below - the scene of the washing of the baby. Three women approach Anna with gifts. The Father of the Mother of God, Righteous Joachim, looks out from the window of the ward.
Nativity of the Virgin. Mid 14th century State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow
Nativity of the Virgin. Double sided tablet icon. Late XV - early XVI centuries. Novgorod state. historical, architectural and art museum-reserve
Fragment of the icon of the Nativity of the Virgin. XVI century. Museum. A. Rubleva
Nativity of the Virgin. Nevyansk icon. 1830-1840
Nativity of the Virgin with Life. XVI century. From the local row of the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Virgin in Ustyuzhna
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin. From a festive occasion. Mid 17th century State Museum-Reserve "Rostov Kremlin", Rostov the Great
Nativity of the Virgin. Nevyansk icon. Circle of Bogatyrevs. Second quarter of the 19th century
Temples in the name of the Nativity of the Virgin in Russia
Temples and monasteries in honor of Nativity of the Virgin were built in the XII-XIV centuries throughout Russia. The patronage of the Mother of God in the liberation of Russian lands from the Tatar-Mongol yoke was reflected in the mass construction of temples dedicated to feasts of the Mother of God.
The cathedral was dedicated to the Nativity of the Virgin Bobreneva monastery(1381) near Kolomna and the gate church of the Andronikov Monastery.
Bobrenev Monastery near Kolomna
The widow of Grand Duke Dimitry Donskoy, Princess Euphrosyne, founded in 1392 in the Moscow Kremlin Ascension Monastery and erected a white stone church in honor of the Nativity of the Virgin in the traditions of Vladimir-Suzdal architecture. The church was painted in 1395 by prominent icon painters Theophanes the Greek and Simeon the Black.
Ascension Monastery. 1850-1865
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, the Bogolyubsky Monastery in the Vladimir region was consecrated. The monastery was founded in the 12th century, and the main temple was built between 1158 and 1751. The Cathedral of the Nativity of the Mother of God was decorated with carved reliefs and frescoes, copper and gilding, ceramic floors and stained-glass windows. Round, marbled columns supported the vaults. The ancient cathedral collapsed from dilapidation and inept alterations and in the 18th century. has been replaced with a new one. A belfry tent was built over the staircase tower. The place of the prince's quarters was taken by the private building. In the 19th century the ancient gate with a gate church was replaced by the Assumption gate church with a bell tower, at the same time a huge five-domed cathedral was built. On June 3, 1923, the monastery was closed, and in 1991 the revival of the monastery began.
Cathedral of the Nativity of the Mother of God of the Bogolyubsky Monastery in the Vladimir Region
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Ferapontov Monastery was consecrated in the village. Ferapontovo, Vologda region. The Cathedral of the Nativity of the Virgin was built in 1490. Its volume, set on a high basement, ends with three tiers of kokoshniks and a small elegant drum. The facades are ornamented at the top with belts of balusters and ceramic plates with floral ornaments, at the bottom - with a belt with teratological (animal) and floral ornaments, which is a reminiscence of white stone carvings of Vladimir architecture. Three perspective portals are carved from white limestone. Inside, the cathedral is divided by four square pillars into three naves with elevated arches under the drum. In 1924, the Therapont Monastery was closed. Since 1975 the monastery has been used as a museum. In 2018, the Synod decided to resume monastic life in the monastery.
Cathedral in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin in the village. Ferapontovo, Vologda region
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, a monastery was consecrated in Moscow. The Cathedral of the Nativity of the Mother of God was built in 1501-1505. The building of the cathedral was badly damaged by a fire in 1547, but by 1550 it was completely restored. The four-pillar three-apse temple has one dome. The lower volume is cubic. The corner parts are covered with cross vaults and lowered in relation to the central part, cruciform in plan. Stepped spring arches carry a high drum with a helmet-shaped dome. The end has a pyramidal appearance. Under the drum there are two rows of kokoshniks. In 1676-87. the belfry of the cathedral was dismantled and instead of it, a hipped bell tower was added from the south-west. By the end of the XVIII century. The Cathedral of the Nativity of the Mother of God was rebuilt: the southern annex was lengthened along the entire southern facade, and from the north another volume was erected along the entire length of the facade, which served as a covered porch. In 1835, the hipped bell tower of the cathedral was damaged by a lightning strike and was dismantled. The Monastery of the Nativity of the Mother of God was closed in 1921. In 1960-64. the cathedral of the monastery was partially restored; during the restoration, it returned to its original appearance. In 1991 the buildings of the monastery were returned to the Russian Orthodox Church.
Ensemble of the monastery in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Moscow
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, the Pafnutiev Borovsky Monastery was consecrated in the settlement of Grove, Kaluga Region. Nativity of the Mother of God St. Pafnutiy Borovsky Monastery was founded in 1444 by the Monk Pafnutiy Borovsky. Initially, a small wooden church of the Nativity of the Virgin was cut down here, on the site of which a small white-stone church was soon built. At the beginning of the XVI century. defensive fortifications were erected. In 1511, a stone refectory was built, and in the eighties of the same century, a cathedral was erected on the site of the church. In 1610, the Borovsky Monastery was besieged by the troops of False Dmitry II. The betrayal of two governors allowed the "Tushino thief" to enter the fortress. In a terrible massacre on the territory of the monastery itself, 12,000 people died. The monastery was burnt down, and all the documents of its early history were burned down. After the end of the Troubles, much was restored, new towers and temples were erected. In the middle of the XVII century. the bell tower was built. In the middle of the 17th century, Archpriest Avvakum and the noblewoman Morozova were twice imprisoned in the Pafnutiev Monastery at different times, who died there of starvation in an earthen pit. In 1923, a correctional colony was placed on the territory of the monastery, then an agricultural technical school. Since 1960, restoration work has been carried out. The Pafnutiev Monastery was again handed over to the Church in 1991.
Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary St. Pafnutev Borovsky Monastery
In honor of the Nativity of the Virgin, a church was consecrated in Volokolamsk, Moscow Region. The church served as the cathedral of the Vozmishchensky monastery, known since the 15th century. and abolished in 1764. The building of the church was built in 1535. The brick four-pillar temple was originally three-domed. The two eastern drums were dismantled in 1792, when the mosquito cover was remade into a hipped roof. The walls are divided by shoulder blades into three unequal strands, completed with semicircular zakomaras. Round icon cases are placed in the middle zakomaras. The walls in the middle of the height are surrounded by a cornice, which passes into the cornice of the apses. Of the three portals, the northern perspective portal with a keeled archivolt, ceramic capitals and melons has been preserved. The drum is completed with a helmet-shaped dome with an openwork cross of the 17th century. The stucco decoration of the drum dates back to the middle of the 19th century. A three-tiered bell tower and a two-aisled refectory were built in 1850. During the years of Soviet power, the temple remained active. Only during the Great Patriotic War Divine services were briefly interrupted, but soon resumed.
Church of the Nativity in Volokolamsk
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Medvedev Hermitage was consecrated in the Dmitrovsky district of the Moscow region. The first construction of a wooden church in the Medvedeva Hermitage dates back to 1360. In 1547, construction began on a stone church in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin in the village of Medvedeva Hermitage. A small brick four-pillar one-domed temple with three equal apses belongs to the cross-domed type. The smooth planes of the facades are divided by shoulder blades into three equal strands and decorated at the base of the semicircular zakomara with a terracotta ornamental frieze. Low slit-like windows are spaced apart on two levels. The entrances to the cathedral are punctuated by perspective keeled portals. The covering of the temple has undergone significant changes. Initially, the cathedral ended, in addition to the zakomars, with two rows of kokoshniks located parallel to the facade planes. Their square pedestals are hidden by a later hipped roof. The brick light drum and bulb head are new. In the 16th century, a three-tiered bell tower was also built, rebuilt in 1871. At the same time, from the neighboring Dulov, the Church of the Savior was transported to Medvedev Desert. In the 19th century, the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary was reconstructed. In 1937, the Medvedev Mother of God-Christmas Hermitage was closed, and its property was looted. In 1999, the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church. The current temple complex is slowly being revived.
Church of the Nativity of the Mother of God of the same name Medvedeva Hermitage in the Dmitrovsky district of the Moscow region
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, the Luzhetsky Ferapontov Monastery was consecrated in the city of Mozhaisk, Moscow Region, founded in 1408. The Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary was built in the first half of the 16th century. It was rebuilt in the middle of the 18th century, the galleries surrounding the cathedral were dismantled. In the 1960s of the XX century it was restored. In 1922 the monastery was officially closed and devastated. In 1994, the ROC was returned. The relics of St. Ferapont Belozersky rest in the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Mother of God.
Mozhaysky Luzhetsky Monastery of the Nativity of the Mother of God Ferapontov in Mozhaisk, Moscow Region
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery was consecrated in the city of Zvenigorod, Moscow Region. The monastery was founded in 1398, and the cross-domed four-pillar one-domed cathedral was built in 1405. The facades, the top of the apses and the drum are decorated with white stone carvings. Portals perspective with keeled top. Completion with three tiers of zakomar in the XVIII-XIX centuries. was replaced by a hipped roof. The onion head belongs to the 17th century. In the middle of 1919 the monastery was closed, and in the 1990s. returned to the ROC.
Nativity Cathedral of the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery in Zvenigorod, Moscow Region
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, the Anthony Monastery in Veliky Novgorod was consecrated. The monastery was founded in 1106. The First Novgorod Chronicle notes the laying of the cathedral in honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos in 1117, and in 1119 speaks of the completion of construction. The building was a three-aisled one-domed church with a round stair tower. The cathedral has survived to this day with alterations and restructuring. Instead of narrow windows with semicircular endings, wide windows were pierced. A tented iron roof was built over the vaulted covering. The cupolas received a bulbous shape characteristic of the late period. The porch galleries surrounding the cathedral were also added later. In the composition of the building, the asymmetric arrangement of three domes is interesting, one of which crowns a round tower extended from the general volume. This tower contains a staircase leading to the "platy" - the modern choirs of the cathedral. In 1920, the Anthony Monastery was abolished. Today, the monastery buildings are part of the Novgorod Museum-Reserve. On the territory of the monastery there are a number of faculties of the Novgorod state university named after Yaroslav the Wise.
Cathedral of the Nativity of the Theotokos at the Antoniev Monastery in Veliky Novgorod
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, the Tithes Monastery in Veliky Novgorod was consecrated. The first mention of the monastery dates back to 1327. The stone Church of the Nativity of the Mother of God was built in 1397. Initially, it was a four-pillar, single-dome, single-apse temple. Since 1918, the Novgorod GubChK and the Novgorod department of the OGPU have been located in the Tithes Monastery. The basement of the Nativity Cathedral was adapted for cells for the arrested, the rector's building - for a club of Chekists. In 1929, the cemetery church of All Saints was demolished and the monastery cemetery was destroyed. The Cathedral of the Nativity of the Virgin was seriously damaged during the Great Patriotic War, but retained the dome and in places the walls were destroyed. In the mid-1950s, it was demolished and dismantled into bricks. The monastery has been preserved in fragments. In addition to the monastery bell tower, the buildings of the monastery premises and the ruins of the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin have been preserved.
Tithe monastery before the revolution
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, a church was consecrated in the Peryn Skete near Veliky Novgorod. The Peryn Nativity of the Virgin male skete is a monastery located in the Novgorod tract Peryn and operated from the 14th century to 1764. In the annals it is mentioned for the first time under 1386, when the monastery was burned down by Novgorodians. On Peryn in 995, a wooden church of the Nativity of the Virgin was built, which stood for about two hundred years; practically nothing is known about her. At the same time, the monastery was probably founded, although for the first time in the annals it was mentioned in 1386 in the list of monasteries. The stone construction of the church in honor of the Nativity of the Virgin dates back to the 30s of the XIII century. The church has a three-bladed covering, fragments of fresco painting in the lintels of the trench openings of the drum. Slightly tapering upward walls, shoulder blades, windows, drum of the church enhance the effect of lightness and aspiration upwards. Three spacious entrances lead inside the building. They and wide-spaced slender domed pillars contribute to the fact that even with a small size, the church gives the impression of a spacious, tall building. The basis of the building that has come down to us is the masonry of the pre-Mongolian time - a combination of limestone and thin plinth bricks, laid on lime mortar, with an admixture of brick chips (trout). The cross crowning the church is the so-called “dome cross with a crescent”, a form typical of the pre-Mongolian period, which comes from the “blossomed cross”, or “cross vine". Currently, the monument has been restored in its original form.
Church of the Nativity of the Virgin in the Peryn Skete near Veliky Novgorod
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, the Snetogorsky Monastery in Pskov was consecrated. The monastery was first mentioned in the Pskov chronicle of the late 13th century, according to which on March 4, 1299, the monastery that already existed by that time was burned down during an attack on Pskov by the Livonian knights. AT XIV-XV centuries Snetogorsk Monastery becomes the main spiritual and monastic center of Pskov. The main shrine of the monastery, the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, was built in 1311. The inner space of the cathedral is designed in the form of an equal-ended cross with smaller volumes adjoining it at the corners. In accordance with the internal structure of the interior, the side facades of the temple are asymmetrical. Their eastern whorls are decorated with high arches corresponding to the height of the branches of the cross. Here are the side portals of the temple, above them are placed niche-kiots intended for painting and windows. The western whorls from below are decorated with low arches-niches corresponding to the lower tier of the western corner rooms. The eastern façade, with three apses, has largely retained its original forms. The western façade, originally ending with three zakomaras, is currently closed by the additions to the temple that arose in subsequent centuries. The cathedral is completed by a dome placed in the center of the inner cross, the drum of which is decorated on the outside with an unusual belt of lancet arches, restored during restoration. In the 15th century, the drum of the dome was raised, and the arched belt was replaced by runner and curb ribbons. The shape of the roof has changed many times during the history of the cathedral. Initially, the temple was covered with a zakomar-shaped board, and the head of the dome was covered with a wooden plowshare-scales. In the 16th century, triangular tongs were placed on top of the semicircular zakomara, and the head of the dome was made onion. After 1920, the destruction of the monastery began. The territory of the monastery was occupied by a rest house. In 1934, the Ascension Church-bell tower was partially destroyed. During the Great Patriotic War, the headquarters of Army Group North was located here. The territory and buildings of the monastery were landscaped for the residence of German officers. At the same time, an assembly hall was arranged in the St. Nicholas Church, a wine warehouse and a shooting gallery in the cathedral, and a garage in the ruins of the Ascension Church. In the post-war period, a rest house and a children's sanatorium continued to exist. In 1993, the buildings of the Snetogorsk monastery were transferred to the Pskov diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Snetogorsk Monastery of the Nativity of the Mother of God in Pskov
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Solotchinsky Monastery was consecrated in the village. Solotcha Ryazan region. The monastery was founded in 1390. In the 1570-1580s, the monastery was considered one of the most important in Russia. In 1618, the Solotchinsky Monastery was subjected to a devastating attack by the troops of the Polish prince Vladislav and the Zaporozhian hetman Peter Sahaidachny. The new heyday of the monastery came at the end of the 17th century. In 1917, the monastery was closed by the Soviet authorities, it was a colony for juvenile delinquents. Subsequently, the architectural complex of the monastery became part of the Ryazan Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve. In the 1960s, the restoration of buildings began.
Cathedral of the Nativity of the Mother of God of the Solotchinsky Monastery
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Paleostrovsky Monastery on about. Paley of the Republic of Karelia. Paleostrovsky Nativity of the Theotokos Monastery was founded in the 15th century. In the 17th century the monastery became the place of imprisonment of Bishop Pavel Kolomensky. After the split of the Russian Church, the Old Believers fled to the monastery, finding many sympathizers. In 1928, the Paleostrovsky Monastery was destroyed, the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin was officially closed. A colony for juvenile delinquents was established on the island. The monastery is currently being restored.
The Nativity of the Mother of God Paleostrovsky Monastery in the Republic of Karelia
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin, the Root Hermitage was consecrated in the village. Freedom of the Kursk region. Founded in 1597, in the place where at the root of a tree appeared the miraculous icon of the Sign of the Mother of God, called the Root, or Kursk. In troubled times, the Root Desert was destroyed to the ground. From 1618 to 1764 the hermitage was assigned to the Kursk Znamensky Monastery. In 1792, a hostel was arranged in it. After the revolution, the monastery was looted and closed. The Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary was blown up, the dome of the bell tower was demolished, and an observation deck was set up on it for vacationers in the rest house, which became the Root Hermitage. In 1989, the hermitage was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church.
The Nativity of the Mother of God Root hermitage in the village. Freedom of the Kursk region
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, the Sofronievo-Molchanskaya Pechersk Hermitage was consecrated in the village. Novaya Sloboda, Sumy region, Ukraine. According to legend, in the fall of 1405, on Chudnaya Gora, over the Molche swamp, a miraculous icon of the Most Holy Theotokos appeared. The locals immediately noticed the shrine. On the site of the miraculous find, people erected a small wooden church of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Over time, monks began to settle here, building nearby caves on the slopes of hills for living and constant prayers. Subsequently, a small monastery arose here. It was called the Molchanskaya Nativity of the Virgin Desert. In the 16th century, the hermitage grew and turned into a large monastery-fort, so the monks who lived in it acquired several "siege courtyards", where they erected the church of Saints Florus and Laurus and in the 1580s built the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin in the fort. In 1605, the Sofronievsky Monastery was plundered by the army of False Dmitry I, who was heading to Moscow. The 17th and 18th centuries were the heyday of the Sofronievsky Hermitage. Already in the early 1920s, the Soviet authorities closed the Sofronievsky Monastery. In the first post-war years, the ruins left from the Sofronievsky Monastery began to be dismantled into bricks for pigsties, collective farm buildings and industrial facilities. So, bulldozers leveled the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary with the ground, and in its place a plot for grazing collective farm cattle appeared. The revival of the monastery began in 1999.
The Nativity of the Mother of God Sofroniyevo-Molchanskaya Pechersk Hermitage in the village. New Sloboda of Ukraine
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Molchansky Monastery was consecrated in the city of Putivl, Ukraine. The history of the founding of the Molchansky Monastery is closely connected with the Sofroniy Hermitage. In 1592, the Molchanskaya hermitage was burned by the Tatars, and in 1593 all the monks moved to Putivl, where there were several "sedimentary yards" and turned the monastery courtyard into a new Molchansky monastery. During 1602-1604, stone fortifications were built and the monastery became a real defensive outpost. The monastery served as a powerful fortress, in which the monks of the monastery and locals. From November 18, 1604 to May 26, 1605, False Dmitry I used the monastery as his residence. It was at this time that the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Virgin and other structures were built. Since the cathedral was erected in the middle of a cramped fortified courtyard, built up on all sides, it was necessary to combine in its building a barn - in the basement and in the basement, a refectory and kitchen - in the basement, a cathedral and a warm church - on the second tier, a fighting chamber with loopholes - on the third tier , above the altar. There are three extraordinary features in the architectural plan of the building: the altar is in the form of a square tower, not a semicircular apse; a defensive chamber on the third tier of the altar is crowned with a tent; overlapping the subcell of the nave with a system of cross vaults with a pillar in the middle. In 1605, the Molchanskaya Hermitage was assigned to the Putivl Molchansky Monastery, and a monastery apiary was built on its territory. During civil war During the Time of Troubles, a fire broke out in the monastery, as a result of which the building was badly damaged. In 1653 the ruined monastery was rebuilt. To avoid confusion, the monastery in Putivl began to be called the Big Molchansky, and restored over the Molcha swamp, - the Small Molchanskaya hermitage. Last since late XVII centuries began to be called Sofronieva Hermitage, or Sofronievsky Monastery. From the end of the 17th century, the monastery, like the city of Putivl itself, began to gradually fall into decay. In the post-revolutionary period, the monastery was closed, and the monks were dispersed. Since the 1930s, the territory and buildings of the monastery have been occupied by an orphanage, a vocational school, and a military factory. Since 1960, restoration work has been carried out in the monastery, and after 17 years, the State Historical and Cultural Reserve was created here. In 1991 the monastery was transferred to the UOC.
The Nativity of the Mother of God Molchansky Monastery in Putivl (Ukraine)
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a church was consecrated in Yuryevo (Veliky Novgorod, Vitoslavitsy Children's House). The Church of the Nativity of the Mother of God was built between approximately 1530 and 1540. The church was moved from the village of Peredki. Cross-shaped, three-altar, stands on a high basement and is crowned with a high crowned tent. On five sides: northern, northwestern, western, southwestern and southern, the church is surrounded by a gallery open to the outside, resting on support brackets - logs fired from the main frame. The northwestern and southwestern sides of the gallery do not follow the contours of the church walls, but are straightened. In the west, in front of the gallery, there is a porch. The branches of the log cross are covered with double-pitched roofs, the side altars and the gallery are single-pitched. A striking feature of the church: the side walls of the cross in its plan are not parallel, as was usually done in such cases, but sharply moved away from the middle of the room to the outside.
Church of the Nativity in Yuriev near Veliky Novgorod
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, a cathedral was consecrated in Suzdal, Vladimir Region, built between 1222 and 1225. In 1237, during the invasion of Suzdal by the Batyev horde, the Cathedral of the Virgin was plundered. Later restored. On March 25, 1577, a great fire broke out in Suzdal, from which the cathedral was also badly damaged. In 1635-36, after the invasion of the Poles, the cathedral was restored again. In 1719, a great fire broke out in Suzdal, which destroyed almost all the churches and houses of the townsfolk. The cathedral also suffered in this fire: the roof and domes made of tin melted and the upper tier in the cathedral collapsed. Then the cathedral was renewed. AT Soviet years did not act. In 1991, divine services were held in the cathedral.
Cathedral in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Suzdal, Vladimir Region
In honor of the Nativity of the Virgin, a church was consecrated in the Moscow Kremlin. The church was built on the territory of the Kremlin in 1393-1394. on the site of the ancient wooden church of the Resurrection of the Righteous Lazarus. The Church of the Nativity of the Virgin was located in the female part of the Kremlin and was the home church of the Grand Duchesses. During a fire in 1479, the top of the church collapsed and had to be rebuilt. In 1514, the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin on Senya was also rebuilt. In 1681-1684. The Church of the Nativity of the Virgin on the Seni was again almost completely rebuilt. The new church was single-domed, with a refectory located on the west. Subsequently, the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin on Senya was restored in 1923-1928 and in 1949-1952. An ancient white-stone four-apse building with a main portal has survived to our time, as well as elements of the temple added later.
Church of the Nativity of the Mother of God on Senya in the Moscow Kremlin
In honor of the Nativity of the Virgin, a church was consecrated in Stary Simonov in Moscow, built in 1509 on the site of a wooden church, which was originally erected in 1370. The church is part of the original Simonov Monastery that existed on this site. In the 17th century the monastery was abolished, the temple became a parish. In 1927 the church was closed. In the 1930s beheaded. The building housed the compressor station of the Dynamo plant. In 1932 the bell tower was demolished. In the 1980s the church was transferred to the Historical Museum. In 1989 it was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church.
Church of the Nativity of the Virgin in Stary Simonov in Moscow
In honor of the Nativity of the Virgin, a church was consecrated in Putinki in Moscow. The wooden church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary has been known since 1625. In 1648 the wooden church burned down and then was built in stone. The temple is a narrow, transversely elongated two-light quadrangle, completed with three tents. The belfry is octagonal, hipped, located between the chapel and the temple, stands on the vaults of the refectory. The composition is complemented by a large hipped porch on the western facade of the refectory, placed on Malaya Dmitrovka. In the design of the facades of the church, lancet kokoshniks, columnar keel-shaped architraves and complex unraveled cornices, typical of the 16th century, were used. After the temple was closed in 1938, it housed offices for a long time, then the rehearsal hall of the Moscow directorate "Circus on Stage". Gradually, the temple building came into critical condition, and in 1959-1960. It has undergone a comprehensive restoration. In 1990 the temple was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church.
Church of the Nativity of the Virgin in Putinki in Moscow
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin, a church was consecrated in the village of Murovanka, Republic of Belarus. The temple-fortress was erected in 1524 in the Gothic style. Architecturally, it is a four-pillar one-story building with a high gable roof. The monumental stone building is fixed in the corners with cylindrical defensive towers. The towers are organically connected with the hull. At different times, the temple served not only as a place for worship, but also as a protection for peasants from devastating raids. In 1656 the church was badly damaged, and in 1706 it was shelled by the Swedes during the Great Northern War. In 1928, the church was converted into a church by the Polish authorities and transferred to the local Catholic community. In August 1993, the church was returned to the ROC community.
Church of the Nativity of the Virgin in the village of Murovanka, Republic of Belarus
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, a cathedral was consecrated in Murom, Vladimir Region, built between approximately 1549 and approximately 1557. Initially, the stone cathedral was crowned with three domes, in the middle of the 17th century the cathedral was repaired and crowned with five domes. The relics of Murom wonderworkers Peter and Fevronia rested in the Peter and Paul aisle of the cathedral. In 1934, "with the consent" of the community of believers, the cathedral was leased to one of the regiments stationed in the city. From the mid-1930s, the cathedral square was turned into a football field, and the bell tower became a fire tower and a dressing room for players. In 1939, by order of the City Council, they began to demolish the cathedral and the church near the bell tower. The cathedral was dismantled before the Great Patriotic War, and the bell tower eight years later.
Cathedral in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Murom, Vladimir Region
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the chapel of the church of Spyridon of Trimythia was consecrated, which is on the Goat Swamp in Moscow. The temple has been known since 1627. In 1633-1639, the church was rebuilt in stone and was popularly called not by the main altar in honor of the Nativity of the Virgin, but by the chapel of St. Spyridon. In the XVII-XIX centuries, the church was rebuilt and expanded more than once. The church was seriously damaged in 1812, during the great Moscow fire, and then was rebuilt anew. The ancient core of the church retained the features of ancient Russian architecture. The cubic building of the temple was crowned with a single dome resting on a round drum with an arched-columnar belt. Under the late hipped roof, rows of excellent keeled kokoshniks were preserved, completing all four facade walls. In August 1930, the temple was destroyed.
Spiridonovskaya Church on the Goat Bog in Moscow
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a church was consecrated in the village. Sviyazhsk, Republic of Tatarstan. The Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary was built around 1567. It was destroyed in 1928.
Cathedral of the Nativity of the Mother of God in Sviyazhsk
In honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, a church was consecrated in the village of Listvenka, Leningrad Region. This is one of the oldest clerical churches in the Leningrad region. The church was built in 1599. The building is three-volume: a church, an altar prirub and a refectory. In 1720, the church was rebuilt: a refectory and a new porch were erected. The carved choir and the iconostasis tabla with inscriptions and images of saints have survived unchanged. The church was closed in 1932 and has been operating since 1992.
Church of the Nativity of the Mother of God in the village of Listvenka, Leningrad Region
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a church was consecrated in Pskov. The Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary from Prolom dates back to 1581. The Church of the Intercession of the Virgin "Pokrovsky from the Corner" or "From the Prolom" of the monastery has been known since the 14th century. The monastery stood at the fifth wall in the Roundabout city at the gates to the Great and a huge tower, also named after the monastery - Intercession. Initially, the main temple in the monastery was the temple in the name of the Intercession of the Virgin, to which, after the siege of Pskov in 1581-1582 by the troops of King Stefan Batory, in memory of the miraculous deliverance "from the dashing city-bearers", the newly erected Church of the Nativity of the Virgin was attached. Since then, the temple has been a small architectural miracle: identical, Kletsky, tiny, one-domed, one-apse churches and a belfry symmetrically placed above the narthex on a common wall connects them into one whole. Nowadays, the historical exposition is located in the Church of the Intercession; Church of the Nativity belongs to the Cossack community of Pskov.
Church of the Intercession and Nativity from Prolom in Pskov
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a church was consecrated in the town of Porkhov, Pskov Region. Until the middle of the 18th century, on the site of the modern Church of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, on the southern outskirts of Porkhov, there was a Nativity nunnery, which was abolished in 1764 during the secularization of the monastery lands. After the abolition of the monastery, the parish church was located here until 1930. Before the war, the parish was closed, the Porkhov fire brigade was placed in the building, after the war - a sports society, and in the 1980s - a city disco club. Only in 1991 the church was returned to the ROC community.
Church of the Nativity in Porkhov, Pskov Region
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a church was consecrated in the village. Gorodnya of the Tver region. Presumably the church was built in 1390. During its existence, the church was repeatedly burned and rebuilt. After a fire in 1412, it was restored on the old foundation and repainted. After a fire in 1716, the church was rebuilt. The church was badly damaged during the Great Patriotic War. In 1966 they started overhaul temple. The volume of the temple, rectangular in plan, is crowned with a gilded onion dome. The territory is surrounded by a massive stone fence with three-span arched gates, also crowned with a gilded cupola.
Church of the Nativity in the village Gorodnya, Tver region
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a church was consecrated in the town of Rogatin, Ivano-Frankivsk region of Ukraine. The Church of the Nativity of the Virgin was built in 1421. It is built of stone and red brick with lime mortar, three-nave, one-apse, two-pillar, two-headed. The walls are reinforced with buttresses. At the level of vaults, they are connected by arches, reminiscent of zakomars in ancient Russian churches. The facades are decorated with deep niches, in which lancet windows are recessed, as well as small niches. During the German attack on Galicia in the Second world war bomb hit the temple. As a result of her hit, the roof burned down, leaving only the walls. The church was soon restored. But three years later, in 1944, a high-explosive bomb hit the temple and destroyed the church from the inside. After the war, restoration work began in the temple, which lasted almost 10 years.
Church of the Nativity in Rohatyn, Ukraine
In honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a church was consecrated in the village. Steblivka, Transcarpathian region of Ukraine. Wooden, three-frame, with a tower above the Babinets was built in 1643. The log cabins of the nave and the Babinets are equally wide rectangular in plan, a narrower eastern log cabin with a trihedral eastern part. The church was built of oak beams, covered with plowshares. Unlike many similar structures, the western frame, as well as the eastern one and the nave, is covered with a duct vault. The church was covered with two steep roofs - high above the central frame and low - above the eastern frame. The frame tower-bell tower towered over the western frame and ended with a sub-house, vertically shackled with boards with figured cutting at the bottom and a high conical spire with an apron at the base. The Church of the Nativity was on fire. It is currently in a dilapidated state.
Dvorishchi Masalishskaya, Slizhishskaya in Lithuania.