Do-it-yourself electric reciprocating saw. Homemade nozzle for a drill - a hacksaw for metal
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A drill in the hands of craftsmen often turns into different tools, crafts. Based on it, you can make an electric saw. Any saw is suitable as a cutting element, including a blade that is designed to cut metal.
You do not need to stock up on a large number of materials for crafts. It's easy to make. The main part in it is a bearing, which is attached to the output shaft at an angle. The rotation of the latter is transformed into a reciprocating movement of the two-bearing part of the device and the canvas. By increasing the speed of rotation of the output shaft of the drill, the frequency of saw movements is accelerated, speeding up the cutting process.
The main set of tools required for the manufacture of an electric saw is small: a grinder; file; vise; screwdrivers; cap keys; taps. From the materials you need to prepare: bearing; metal rod; thrust bushings (2 pieces); washers; metal rods of rectangular section; aluminum corners, plates; hacksaw blade.
Engaged in the manufacture of the shaft. Use a steel rod. They clamp him in a vice, arrange grooves in his body with a file. The last two, they are V-shaped, inclined; arranged on different sides of the rod one under the other approximately in its middle; multidirectional.
The bearing is mounted on the shaft in the area of arranged grooves at a certain angle relative to the shaft axis. Its position is fixed on both sides with the help of bushings with ends beveled on one side at the same angle. It is better to make them from an aluminum pipe by cutting off small pieces. Holes are made in the tubes and through them they are fixed with screws on the rod.
The resulting shaft is provided with washers with the appropriate inner diameter on both sides of the installed bushings.
For the shaft, vertical supports are made. Thick aluminum is used, square blanks are cut out, holes are drilled in them in the middle along the diameter of the shaft. They try to make the landing gap as small as possible.
Two mounting holes are drilled at opposite ends of the vertical supports. The supports are connected with an aluminum plate, in which two holes are also drilled along the edges, which coincide in location with those arranged on the supports. Connect parts with bolts.
On the other side of the vertical supports, a movable platform is placed, which will convert the rotation of the bearing into the reciprocating movement of the hacksaw blade.
The platform consists of a piece of a rectangular metal rod sandwiched between two aluminum bars bolted to the support. It is thicker than the latter, therefore it protrudes above them. It also has a longer length, because its end protrudes beyond the vertical supports.
Bolts with nuts are installed on the rod on one side; the distance between them provides the contact arrangement of the bearing. From above, everything is covered with a steel or aluminum plate, attaching it to vertical supports with long screws.
Make a holding head using aluminum plates and corners. They sit it on the end of the rod protruding beyond the vertical supports - they use bolts. In it, through a slot in the front, also with a bolt, a hacksaw blade is fixed. The head is closed for safety with a casing in the form of a corner.
The device is clamped with the end of the shaft in the drill chuck. The shaft transmits rotation to the bearing, which, due to the inclination, moves the rod, and through it the hacksaw blade.
Manufacturers stubbornly prove that any manual labor can be mechanized. Electric drills replaced hand drills, chainsaws replaced saws. What about a hacksaw? Yes, here it is - a network and battery reciprocating saw, both for wood and for aerated concrete, capable of working on concrete, metal and even stone; how to choose it, learn from the article!
Reciprocating saws for metal and not only - electric saws as they are!
Reciprocating saws - this phrase in itself does not always cause understanding even among experts in electrical engineering and its sellers. Surprisingly, in the West this tool is as popular as an electric drill or a chainsaw, everyone knows about it and uses it in every home. It is not clear why such a saw did not please the Slavs, although, most likely, we, due to certain stereotypes and banal economy, simply cannot appreciate the tool.
Perhaps the whole point is that we don’t often have to deal with - the townspeople live in a concrete jungle, where dynamite is more useful than a hacksaw, and in the villages they prefer to work the old fashioned way. But it is to the hacksaw that the reciprocating saw is closest in terms of the principle of operation, but, in fact, it performs its functions, only instead of muscular traction, an electric motor works.
In the tool itself, everything is quite simple - a long body with an easy-to-grip handle in the shape of a familiar pistol, a trigger, several switches, a replaceable working canvas - that's the whole tool, if you don't go into details. Even a person who has never dealt with it will understand the principle of operation of this power tool in a matter of minutes.
How to choose a reciprocating saw - tool functions
In many ways, the “saber” resembles a jigsaw, however, rather the opposite - a jigsaw resembles a reciprocating saw, because it was the first one invented! As in the electric jigsaw, the reciprocating tool reciprocates and gradually cuts the material, in the same way, the pendulum stroke function is also found in the “saber” models, which we will discuss below.
The difference lies in the size of the hacksaw blade, as well as in some distinctive functions that you can’t do with an electric jigsaw. For example, in the garden it will be much more convenient to work when cutting trees with a “saber”, and it will be difficult to cut metal or aerated concrete with a jigsaw. By and large, the reciprocating unit is “omnivorous” - we changed the blade depending on the need, and we can safely cut wood, steel, stone, plastic, ceramics, glass, foam blocks! Still need to look for this one!
It’s easier to make a list of technical professions that would not need this tool than to list all the professions and crafts that will only be happy with such a unit. It's not even about its functions, which at first glance can be duplicated by other tools, the layout of the products itself decides a lot.
The long blade and the special narrow elongated design of the gearbox allow you to work in places where neither a jigsaw nor a grinder can simply squeeze in, the cut can be made flush with a wall or other surface.
In addition, this tool works quite calmly on weight, regardless of the shape of the part, whether round pipes, square bars. And for pruning trees, such a tool seemed to have been specially invented! Moreover, you can cut both a large branch and small wen. Maneuverability is the second name of a reciprocating saw! She will work as her master's hand leads - if necessary, she will round off an acute angle or cut a part out of curved material.
The tool also shows itself excellently during dismantling work - it cuts the old window frame very quickly, disassembles steel heating. The tool is able to cut even wooden surfaces with metal parts, for example, old nails or self-tapping screws, and this, you see, is beyond the power of any electric jigsaw. And a very important advantage of reciprocating saws is that they are much safer than chain saws, circular saws and grinders, during operation there are no sparks, clouds of dust, scale, there is no overheating of the workpiece.
Reciprocating saw - device features
Manufacturers produce reciprocating saws in different price categories, but in general, two types of devices can be distinguished: professional and amateur (or household). The latest models focus on a short period of continuous operation, 3-4 hours a day. This does not at all indicate a low build quality, they are simply designed differently and need periodic “rest”, while a professional tool will work the entire shift without stopping due to especially durable parts. Of course, household models are sometimes several times cheaper.
- Power is the most important indicator for a tool. The more powerful the engine, the greater the performance, but remember that this in turn increases both the weight and dimensions of the product. Be guided by the rule of the "golden mean": tools from 500 W to 900 W are suitable for household work. Also pay attention to the number of strokes per minute - normal for comfortable work, 2.5-3 thousand strokes / min are considered. The stroke length ranges from 19-23 mm, sometimes this figure can be adjusted.
- Speed adjustment - this function is present in all saws, since for sawing different materials need different speeds. There are several options for implementing this function - in the first case, a stepless method is used, when, using an electronic button, the operator can adjust the degree of speed by pressing the button. The method is good, but it will require some manual dexterity.
A more advanced version allows you to set a special speed mode, and more precise adjustment is carried out by a trigger. This makes it possible, even when the button is fully pressed, to remain at the maximum allowable speed without exceeding it. - The pendulum action is a handy feature that increases sawing speed, reduces blade heat and helps to remove waste from the cutting line. The essence of the pendulum stroke is that the canvas, making the reverse movement, slightly deviates upward. This function is not available in all models, and it is important to note that it is not relevant in all works.
- Support shoe - with the help of the device, the operator can rest the tool on the workpiece and make the cut more evenly and quickly. When choosing, pay attention to how much the emphasis is movable, in what positions it is fixed. The correct shoe has many positions and is set to a convenient one by pressing a button or lever on the body.
- Blade change mechanism modern models allow you to change the reciprocating saw blade without the use of tools, such as a wrench or screwdriver. It is enough to turn the lock lever and move the stopper. In some models, it is possible to fix the blade with the teeth up, which really allows you to cut from the bottom up.
- Smooth start- such a function is present in powerful tools so as not to overload the network when the device starts. A soft start is also useful for the saw itself, since the acceleration of the blade is carried out without jerks. Along with this function, pay attention to the presence of overload protection - when the device overheats, it will turn itself off.
- Electrodynamic brake - when the saw is turned off, the blade stops very quickly, which makes it possible, without waiting for a long time, to put the tool on the floor or table and continue working.
- Double insulation of current-carrying nodes provides the ability to work from a socket without grounding. Plus, it significantly increases tool life. Due to the presence of double insulation, you can work safely even in wet weather.
- Battery - the advantages of battery devices are obvious! This is mobility, and the absence of an interfering wire, a long period of work away from the mains. At the same time, modern battery models are practically in no way inferior to their network counterparts, and the blocks charge very quickly and last longer, and they weigh less.
The author of the channel "TOKARKA" presents his miniature electric saw, but it can also be used as an electric file. If you fix a needle file instead of a hacksaw blade, everyone can make such an apparatus for working on wood and other material at home. The first thing you need is such a furniture guide, which are sold in furniture fittings stores. This thing is fixed on various countertops or skewers. They serve for smooth extension, it costs a penny.
The future battery compartment, the engine were attached to the wide part of the guide of the electric cutter, and we leave another part for the slider. We'll cut everything else. If you do not have a drill on the farm, you can take a hacksaw for metal. A piece of a hacksaw blade is also suitable, which can be wrapped in a rag and carefully sawn through. We will also cut the inner retractable part together with the plastic separator so that a short section remains inside the guide, it will serve as a slider.
To turn on / off the electric cutter, we will use a microswitch. In order for everything to be soldered well, we apply rosin, and for convenience we clamp the whole thing into tweezers. All main parts will be fixed with hot glue. Now you need a metal corner, you can easily cut it out of the old killed equipment. For example, this is an ancient disk drive. You can use a stainless skewer, but here such a dosing squeegee from a laser printer cartridge will be used. All metal surfaces were carefully sanded, zinc chloride was applied (this is a flux) and tinned. As for tinning the slider and soldering a corner to it, there is a very important nuance: they did all this with a very hot soldering iron and very quickly, so that the plastic separator would not melt.
A fragment of a hacksaw blade for metal will be used as a cutting tool for an electric hacksaw, although it is also possible to tin and solder a plug, for example, then you get an electric file. Soldering is the simplest and most repeatable method of attaching a hacksaw blade to a corner that has been soldered to the slider. The moving part is complete. At the same time, the separator did not melt, and if it did, then there is still exactly the same one, it would just be replaced.
Now you need to make a spike. This part was bent from a steel wire, it will transfer the energy of movement from the engine to the runner. In order for the engine to be securely held in place and not fall off anywhere, they wrapped it with electrical tape and glued it all to the battery container. By the way, the container itself is made of two 20cc syringes that are glued together. Thanks to the pointed tip, it will be possible to make a slot through the hole. A piece of wire, which combined the moving part of a homemade electric saw and the engine, could not withstand the load and broke.
Next, watch from 5 minutes about a device with which sawing a tree with your hands armed with this tool will be a pleasure.
One of the first saws invented by man was the bow saw. It was made by hand, it was simply set up, and it was available to everyone. There would be paintings. One inconvenience - you need to hold it with two hands.
light reciprocating cordless wood saw
Then a hacksaw was invented, which was easily held with one hand. And the second hand held the processed piece of wood. In order not to tire the working hand, the hacksaw was replaced by a reciprocating electric saw.
For a summer residence - simply an indispensable option. And cut branches from trees, and cut firewood, and carpentry work on the site can be done without tiring.
In fact, a reciprocating saw is an electric jigsaw, only the hacksaw blade comes out from the end, like a cartridge for an electric drill. It is much safer to work with than a chainsaw, and cuts can be made with the same precision and accuracy as a circular saw.
What is an electric saw for?
The application is almost unlimited. Using a variety of blades - you can cut firewood, carefully cut a blank for a window frame, saw out an old door frame, cut a brick or asbestos-cement pipe, saw a metal corner.
use of a reciprocating saw in hard-to-reach places | cutting bricks with a reciprocating saw |
The main advantage of this tool is the ease of use and its weight. Compact specimens are easily held with one hand, allowing you to work in uncomfortable positions and reach the most inaccessible places.
How to choose from a variety of models one, universal?
First you need to decide on the application:
- If you have to build a bath or country house- you need a heavy saw with the ability to hold long blades, and designed for continuous work.
- For small carpentry crafts, a versatile lightweight option is suitable, the same saw can be used for pruning a garden or harvesting small firewood for a fireplace or
- If you're a carpenter, you want a saw that can make clean, burr-free cuts, such as an alligator type with two counter-blades.
- For permanent work on metal, you need a powerful copy with good cooling.
First of all, let's deal with the varieties of reciprocating power saws.
According to the energy supply, saws are divided into:
Network
Power supply requires a fixed power supply. Advantages - compactness and the ability to work indefinitely. Engine power is limited only by the total weight of the device.
And since electric saws are lightweight compared to gasoline ones, they are also called light electric saws, then for gardening near the house or in the country, where there is electricity, an electric reciprocating saw is preferable.
She does not smoke and the noise from her work is much less. Flaws- a saw on an electric wire is less mobile than a cordless one. There is no possibility to move freely, in remote places implies the presence of a generator.