History of the village of Izhma. Map from Ukhta to the village of Izhma
Administrative center: With. Izhma
Square: 18,400 sq. km.
Bordering territories: Ust-Tsilemsky, Usinsky, Pechorsky, Sosnogorsky and Ukhta regions of the Komi Republic.
Population: 17,600 people.
Leading Industries: agriculture, the output of which is dominated by animal husbandry, the production of meat and dairy products, logging, oil production, including gas condensate.
Official site municipal district: http://www.izhma.ru/
The municipal district "Izhemsky" is located in the northwestern part of the Komi Republic. In the south, the district borders on Sosnogorsk and Ukhta, in the east - on Pechora, in the west - on Ust-Tsilemsky district, in the northeast - on Usinsk. Date of formation: July 15, 1929
The population on the banks of the Izhma River and the middle Pechora has lived since ancient times, which is confirmed by archaeological excavations dating back to the 8th-5th centuries. BC. The Komi-Izhemtsy were engaged in hunting, fishing, farming, they took over from the Nenets and put northern reindeer breeding on a commercial basis.
The indigenous inhabitants of the region call themselves "izvatas" or in Russian "Komi-Izhemtsy" and consider themselves a separate nationality. There is every reason for this. It's not even that long living in isolation gave rise to its own dialect of the Komi language. The Komi-Izhemtsy have their own way of life, in contrast to the southern Komi, who live from the land and from fishing, the Izhemtsy are reindeer herders. In spring, they migrate to tundra meadows to the shores of the Kara Sea, and in late autumn they return to their homes.
The uniqueness of the Izhemtsy lies in the fact that it was they who, with centuries of life experience, mastered and developed a completely unique model of reindeer husbandry, combining in their culture the nomadic skills of the Nenets, the everyday culture of Russians, while preserving the ethnic culture - the Komi-Zyryans. Nowhere in the world is there such a “brigade-shift” method of reindeer herding as in Russia, which is based on the experience of the Izhma people, who already two or three centuries ago abandoned the constant nomadic life and learned how to drive herds to winter period to their villages.
Few people know that at the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century, in every village of a small tributary of the Pechora, Izhma, there were millionaires. The Izvatas family clans controlled the vast territories of the Russian north from the Kola Peninsula to the Gulf of Ob. It was the Izhma families who conducted all the small-scale wholesale trade in the European north of Russia. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, suede - deer skin leather - conquered the Parisian fashion.
During the Soviet period, the vast territories of the Izhemtsy were fragmented by administrative boundaries. The beginning of oil production on the tributary of the Izhma Ukhta served as the emergence of the Ukhta region, the construction of the railway divided the Sosnogorsk and Pechora regions, the discovery of gas fields also separated the northern part into an independent administrative unit - the Usinsky region.
Today, the reindeer herds of the Izhemtsy, roaming along the centuries-old grandfather passages, move through "alien" areas, graze in the tundra of the "foreign" territory - the Nenets Autonomous Okrug. But for the nomadic way of life, the borders of the regions do not matter, and this did not affect the way of life of the Izhma reindeer herders. Their seasonal roaming with the obligatory return in autumn to their ancestral homes continues from year to year.
Attractions
Tourism in the Izhma region is represented by event tourism - the traditional holiday of the Komi-Izhma residents "Lud", which takes place on the eve of the beginning of the hay harvest.
The festival includes performances by folklore groups of the entire region, a folk costume competition “Bride Dance”, where young women present not only a folk costume, but also certain knowledge of traditional culture, an impromptu presentation of acquaintances of potential grooms and brides from different villages of the region, as well as from other regions Russian Federation where the Komi-Izhemtsy live. A bright spectacle of the holiday are the demonstration performances of athletes in national sports (sledge jumping, lasso throwing). The holiday is also unusual and is distinguished by horseback riding through water meadows. Riders gather from all over the region.
The holiday was highly appreciated and positive feedback from guests, became popular among the population. The traditional holiday of the Komi-Izhma people "Lud" was included in the list of 11 wonders of the Komi Republic.
In 2015, the Traditional Folk Festival "Lud" of the Izhma region and its organizers became laureates of the professional award "The Edge of the Theater of the Masses" for 2013-2014 and the winners in the nomination "Best National Holiday".
Another attraction of the Izhma region is the Gulf stones. This attraction is located near the village of Maloe Galovo. Here, on the banks of the Izhma River, there are several dozen large stones of regular spherical shape. The fantastic picture resembles the laying of dinosaur eggs or the remains of an ancient civilization.
A few years ago, “galfedsa vyaz” (this is how the Izhma people call the Malagalovsky stones) were recognized as one of the wonders of the regional scale. It seems that some ancient giant scattered stone balls along the shore. Most of the stones are cracked, and some are even completely broken. But there are also whole ones. The smallest of them are about a meter in diameter, and the largest reached three to four meters. Some are on the shore, others have rolled into the water. At the moment, a tourist route to unusual Malagalovsky stones is being developed.
Sizyabsk
For 11 years, the tourism business has been developing in the village of Sizyabsk. First, a small house appeared on the hill, and then a real reindeer tent. Here guests can try on a malitsa, ride on tubing cheesecakes, take pictures with a real deer. On Bazuya (the so-called hill) has its own museum of history and culture of the XX century. Here are collected the attributes of the pioneers and the Komsomol, a gramophone, a typewriter and other exhibits found in the homes of fellow countrymen. There is a school uniform in the museum Soviet era and slogans. Under the same roof as the "Soviet" museum in the hallway there is a museum of hunting and fishing, which contains ancient tackle and modern trophies: wide hunting skis, an old planer, wooden tongs used in tanning deer skins, in a hut - a bird's tail and an old pistol or shotgun Tourists in Sizyabsk can try venison, fish, shangi, other local delicacies and the main dish of the tourist menu - boiled venison.
where to go
Izhma is a village on the right bank of the Izhma River, the center of the Izhma District, the oldest Komi village on the Izhma River. People lived on Izhma in ancient times; not far from the village of Izhma, archaeologists discovered 2 ancient settlements, one of them dates back to the 8th-3rd centuries. BC e. The village of Izhma arose in 1567 - 1576. Arkhangelsk Governor A.P. Engelhardt mentioned in the book about his trip an old chronicle of the Izhma church; it said that Izhma arose in 1567 (this chronicle has not been preserved). According to another publication of the 19th century, the settlement was founded in 1572 by settlers from Ust-Tsilma, but this is not documented. In the payment book of 1575, which contains a description of all the villages and lands of the lower Pechora and Izhma, this settlement is not mentioned. The first information about its existence dates back to 1576: the surviving archival documents mention Izhemskaya Slobidka - the current village of Izhma. Its founders were the Komi, who moved here with the Vym and the upper Mezen.
Sloboda grew rapidly. Founded later than Ust-Tsilma, after some time it significantly surpassed it in terms of the number of inhabitants. In 1638, there were 37 peasant households in Izhma, and in 1646 - already 65. More detailed information about the population of Izhma refers to 1679. Then in Izhma Slobodka there were 5 courtyards of clergy, 52 peasant and 6 poor households. The Izhemtsy had the following surnames: Smetanin, Filippov, Istomin, Khozyainov, Terentyev, Kuchkasov, Kanev, Anofriev, Vokuev, Durkin, Vityazev, Artemyev, Rodionov, Belyaev, Zagibalov, Pigalin, Pozdeev, Nechaev, Kucheev and others.
The majority of the population were Komi, but representatives of other peoples also lived here. So, Konstantin Markovich and his nephew Fedot Petrovich Rochev were Russians by origin, who received their surname from local Komi residents (“roch” - “Russian”). Gerasim Ananyevich Chuprov with his sons Cyril and Pronya moved to Izhma from Ust-Tsilma in the middle of the 17th century. A peasant Pantelei Ivanovich (his last name is not indicated) came from Pinega to Izhma, and Timofey Matveyevich Kozhevin and Luka Afanasyevich Golubkov came from Pustozersk. Several Nenets (“newly baptized Samoyeds”) also settled in the settlement.
Another 10 peasant households were abandoned during the famine of 1655, 1661-1662 and 1678-1679, caused by severe crop failures, from which the entire North of Russia suffered. In 1661, the Izhemtsy complained that they "would not produce bread, and we are dying for lack of bread, we eat ... grass." In 1678, an eyewitness reported: "Inhabitants ... are melting and dying ... and such a need in this country is everywhere in ... Izhma, Ust-Tsilma and Pustozersky prison." Some of the owners of the empty yards died, others fled from Izhma, to where they hoped to find deliverance from poverty and hunger: A. A. Filippov “descended from hunger to Great Perm”, S.F. Kuzminykh “died, and his children went to Siberia , yes, his son Timoshka is in the archers in the Pustozersky jail”, K.I. Babikov ... “from hunger he went to Kevrola (on Pinega) with his wife and children ...”
The Izhemtsy sowed rye and barley, but they did not have enough of their own bread, they had to buy it at exorbitant prices from visiting merchants. Importance in the economy local residents was fishing. Salmon and salmon caviar were willingly bought by visiting merchants. But a particularly important role was played by hunting, mainly fur hunting. The inhabitants of Izhma hunted sable, arctic fox, ermine, squirrel, etc. They hunted both in the lands on Izhma and in more remote areas - on the Pechora and in the Trans-Urals. Moscow merchants specially came to the Izhma settlement for furs. Later, the Izhemtsy themselves began to go to fairs in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novgorod and other cities. Since the 18th century the inhabitants of Izhma began to engage in reindeer breeding, introduced many rational methods into it, and eventually became the largest reindeer herders in the North. In an 1865 publication it is said that in Izhma "a rare owner has from 500 to 1000 heads of deer." Having brought dairy cattle from Ustyug, the Izhemtsy bred a new breed on its basis, and so successful that in the middle of the 19th century. they even wrote: “Nowhere in the Arkhangelsk province is such delicious milk and butter prepared as in Izhma ... where you can make cheeses no worse than Dutch ones.”
The generally successful development of the economy contributed to the growth of the population of Izhemskaya Slobidka. Until II half. 18th century it was the only settlement on Izhma. Izhma Sloboda (from the 19th century - the village of Izhma) was described as one of the most remarkable villages in the Arkhangelsk province in terms of its population.
In the middle of the XIX century, as a traveler who visited there writes, the village consisted of two parts - the Upper End and the Lower End. At the point of their connection, there were 2 churches (on a quadrangular site). “Between the houses, on both sides of the churches, stretches a straight and rather wide street, with winding alleys joining in different directions. Widely plowed fields from two sides cover the village, and from the third side - a small swamp, on which a bridge was built leading to a dry pine forest.
In 1838-1866. there were unrest of Izhma peasants who protested against the introduction of heavy road construction duty. In 1820, a parochial school was opened in Izhma, which was later transformed into a rural school for boys, at which a craft class was opened in 1871. In 1873 a school for girls appeared. The first Izhma churches were wooden, burned down more than once in fires. One of them, "destroyed most houses and a church”, happened in 1700. In 1806-1828. the stone Church of the Transfiguration was built. In 1862 a new wooden church was also built. In 1873, there were 170 households in the village, 1842 inhabitants. At the end of the XIX century. Izhemtsy moved beyond the Urals (to the Ob), to the Kola Peninsula, where the descendants of the settlers still live. In 1897 there were 2166 inhabitants in the village. In 1905, there were 277 households in Izhma, 2746 inhabitants; in 1918 - 365 households, 2400 inhabitants; in 1926 - 458 households, 2195 residents (941 men, 1251 women). By 1970 the population increased to 3090 people, by 1989 - up to 3595 people (1760 men, 1835 women), of which 79% were Komi.
Izhemsky district of the Komi Republic.
District history. Nature. Attractions. Monuments of history and architecture
Izhma region. Brief reference. Story
Izhemskaya Sloboda
- IZHEMSKAYA SLOBODA, according to some data (the chronicle has not been preserved), was founded in 1567. According to another publication of the 19th century (not documented), the village was founded in 1572 by settlers from Ust-Tsilma. According to the preserved archival data, in 1576 the Izhma settlement was mentioned, founded by the Komi settlers from the Vym and the upper Mezen.
The Izhemtsy sowed rye and barley, but their bread was not enough, they had to buy it at exorbitant prices from visiting merchants. Fishing was of great importance in the economy of the locals. Salmon and salmon caviar were willingly bought by visiting merchants. Hunting, mainly fur, also played a significant role in the life of the Komi-Izhma people. The Izhma hunted sable, ermine, and squirrel. They hunted both in local lands and in remote areas - on the Pechora and further into the Trans-Urals.
In 1820, a parochial school was opened in Izhma, in 1850 it was transformed into a parish school, and in 1869 into a 2-class rural school for boys. March 28, 1873 opened a women's school. In 1862, a rural school was opened in the village of Krasnobor, in 1875 - in Mokhcha. In 1885, a parochial school was opened in Sizyabsk, in 1894 - in Bolshoye Galovo.
In 1927, a vocational school was opened in Izhma to train personnel for the river fleet.
In 1932-1933, the Ukhta-Pechora Mining and Oil College worked in the village, which was transferred in 1933 to Chibyu (Ukhta Mining and Oil College).
In September 1930, a specialized secondary school was opened in Izhma. educational institution People's Commissariat of the RSFSR - Izhma Veterinary College. Over the years of its existence, it has trained 112 livestock specialists and 155 veterinary paramedics, 99 reindeer breeders. In 1949, the technical school became part of the Syktyvkar SHT.On March 1, 1932, the new Izhma power plant was put into operation. It was laid down on November 7, 1927, construction began in 1930.
In 1952, the athlete Alexander Anufriev, a native of the village of Diyur (Izhma district, Krasnoborskaya village), became a silver medalist in the 10,000 m race at the Summer Olympics in Helsinki.
In 1939, the Syktyvkar-Ukhta-Izhma airline was introduced. A collective farm and state farm theater was organized in Izhma.In 1976, at the Olympic Games in Innsbruck, Raisa Smetanina from the village of Mokhcha won two gold medals in 10 km cross-country skiing and a relay race.
In 1980, at the Olympic Games in Lake Placid, Vasily Rochev, a native of the village of Bakur (Izhma district, Sizyabskaya village), became the Olympic champion in the ski relay.
1993-1999 - construction of the Izhma-Irael asphalt road.
Today, there are 6 agricultural enterprises in the Izhma region: SPK Agro-Center, SPK Zarechye, Zarechye LLC (Sizyabsk village), Agro-Sever LLC (Izhma village), MZ Diyursky LLC ( village of Diyur), SPK Borovaya (village of Brykalansk).Farewell to Izhma. The legendary takeoff of the Tu-154 (September 7, 2010, this aircraft landed on an abandoned airfield in the village of Izhma)
The program of resettlement of northerners in the southern regions of the Russian Federation
- In 2002, the State Duma adopted The federal law(No. 212 dated July 17, 2002) “On housing subsidies for citizens leaving the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas” to southern regions with more favorable climatic conditions. There are two schemes for the resettlement of citizens in the Republic of Kazakhstan:
one). resettlement of citizens from settlements (Ust-Tsilemsky, Izhemsky, Troitsko-Pechora regions, etc.) located in the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas at the expense of the federal budget in accordance with Law No. 212 and
2). resettlement of the excess population of the cities of the Far North of Inta and Vorkuta at the expense of state support for the coal industry.
In accordance with this Law No. 212, subsidies are provided to citizens who arrived in these areas for permanent residence before January 1, 1992, who have seniority in the Far North for at least 15 years and who do not have other housing on the territory of the Russian Federation outside the regions of the Far North. One of the conditions for obtaining a Housing Certificate under the resettlement program is the release of previously occupied housing in the North.
For young families who want to move from the Far North and buy an apartment in the southern regions of Russia, for example, in Samara, the best option is Ipoteka. At the same time, the provision of maternity capital funds and other certificates by the state will facilitate obtaining
Izhma became famous on September 7, 2010, when a plane with failed engines landed at its long-closed airport. It was a miracle - but not an accident: all these years, the former airport caretaker Sergei Sotnikov kept the runway in working condition, which ultimately saved several dozen lives.
The center of the Izhma district, the oldest Komi village on the Izhma River. The village of Izhma arose in 1567 - 1576. Its founders were the Komi, who moved here with the Vym and the upper Mezen. At the end of the XIX century. Izhemtsy moved beyond the Urals (to the Ob), to the Kola Peninsula, where the descendants of the settlers still live. by 1989 the population was 3,595 people, of which 79% were Komi.
Having settled between the Nenets and the Russians, the Izhemtsy became a link between the two peoples: to the south they sold suede and fish to deer, to the north - iron, tea and alcohol. For their enterprise they were called "Jews of the North", and in their villages wooden palaces of millionaire peasants were not uncommon. Now there are only 16 thousand Izhma people (and the Komi in general - more than 300 thousand), but in the Republic they occupy a much larger place: from Izhma they are the flower of Komi culture, the best athletes (for example, the legendary skier Raisa Smetanina), many politicians. In the center of Syktyvkar, in the yard of one of the few "district" houses, there is "Izvas-kerka" (Izhemskaya hut) - a cultural center where you can get acquainted with the talent of Izhma artists and musicians with your own eyes.
In Izhma, the houses are painted in bright colors, in the center there is a new brick one, but there is no devastation so characteristic of our North. Rather - a small prosperous town than a village. Izhma is the capital, and with four "suburbs" across the river (Gam, Mokhcha, Bakur, Sizyabsk), half of all Izhma residents live in it. The center of the village is, in its courtyard has not yet been restored (1806-28). On the main street there are several "millionaire's" huts, one is occupied by the local history museum. Young people work there, but because they are interested people who love their land and are happy to have a guest, and you can see both household items of Izhma peasants, reindeer herders and merchants, as well as the work of local artists: for example, Tatyana Popova’s paintings are not drawn, but glued from feathers. Here is the wooden "government quarter" of the Izhma Territory, and a few kilometers from the village, at the crossing, is the same airfield from where the plane took off on September 7, 2010. Sotnikov, for his work, was awarded the "Buran" - in the North, this machine is more valuable than any off-road vehicle.
There are two hotels in Izhma, but it's better to go to Sizyabsk - if you look from the Izhma embankment (and this is the embankment!), This is the village on the far right. The villages across the river are just as well-groomed and spacious, each with a closed church. On the eel at the entrance to Sizyabsk, a tent is visible in the courtyard of the hut - Zinaida Pavlovna Vokueva lives there, who, on her own, created the Voyvyv Sikt (Northern Village) ethnographic museum in Sizyabsk, which is also a guest house where you can have a good rest and taste tundra food - stroganina, venison, Izhma shaneg from two types of flour. Recently, another Vokueva tent has been standing in Syktyvkar, at the Smetanina stadium in the village of Vylgort.
The best time on Izhma is March and April, when it is sunny, warm and very snowy. In winter, many Izhma residents change from cars to sleighs pulled by horses. But by spring, reindeer go to summer pastures near the Black River, in winter they can be seen in the vicinity of Izhma - but reindeer herders are very reserved and cautious, photographing reindeer is an evil eye for them. In the summer, midges get stuck here, but it's worth visiting folk holiday"Lud". But the soft and beautiful Komi language, the Izhma dialect, can be heard here all the time - it is spoken by 4/5 Izhma residents, and not everyone in the villages will understand Russian.
Wiki: en:Izhma (Komi)
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Izhma
Izhma (Izva) - a village on the right bank of the Izhma (the left tributary of the Pechora), the center of the rural administration and the Izhma district, 544 km from Syktyvkar, ancient Komi a village on the Izhma river. Not far from the village of Izhma archaeologists two ancient settlements were discovered, one of them belongs to the VIII-III centuries BC. The village of Izhma arose in 1567- 1576 . Visited here in the late XIX century. Arkhangelsk governor Engelgardt A.P. mentioned in the book about his trip an old chronicle Izhma churches; it said that Izhma arose in 1567 (this chronicle has not been preserved). According to other publications of the XIX century. the village was founded in 1572 settlers from Ust-Tsilma, but this is not documented. In the payment book of 1575, which contains a description of all the villages and lands of the lower Pechora and Izhma, this settlement is not mentioned. The first information about its existence dates back to 1576: Izhemskaya is mentioned in the surviving archival documents. settlement- today's village Izhma.
Its founders were Komi who moved here with Vym and upper Mezen. Sloboda grew rapidly. Founded later than Ust-Tsilma, after some time it significantly surpassed it in terms of the number of inhabitants. In 1638 there were 37 in Izhma peasant households, and in 1646 - already 65. More detailed information about the population of Izhma refers to 1679. Then in the Izhma settlement there were 5 yards of clergy, 52 peasant and 6 poor yards. Izhemtsy had the following surnames: Smetanin, Filippov, Istomin, Khozyainov, Terentyev, Kuchkasov, Kanev, Anofriev, Vokuev, Durkin, Vityazev, Artemyev, Rodionov, Belyaev, Zagibalov, Pigalin, Pozdeev, Nechaev, Kucheev and others. Izhemtsy sowed rye and barley , but they did not have enough of their own bread, they had to buy it at exorbitant prices from visitors merchants. Fishing played an important role in the economy of the locals. Salmon and salmon caviar were willingly bought by visiting merchants. But a particularly important role was played by hunting, mainly fur hunting. The inhabitants of Izhma hunted sable, arctic fox, ermine, squirrel, etc. They hunted both in the lands on Izhma and in more remote areas - on the Pechora and in the Trans-Urals.
Moscow merchants specially came to the Izhma settlement for furs. Later, the Izhemtsy began to ride trade fairs to Moscow, Petersburg, Novgorod and other cities. The majority of the population was Komi, but representatives of other peoples. So, Russians by origin were Konstantin Markovich and his nephew Fedot Petrovich Rochev, who received their surname from local Komi residents ("roch" - "Russian"). Gerasim Ananyevich Chuprov with his sons Cyril and Pronya moved to Izhma from Ust-Tsilma in the 17th century. A peasant Pantelei Ivanovich (his last name is not indicated) came from Pinega to Izhma, and Timofey Matveyevich Kozhevin and Luka Afanasyevich Golubkov came from Pustozersk. Several Nenets ("newly baptized Samoyeds") also settled in the settlement. 10 peasant households were deserted during the famine 1655 , 1661-1662 and 1678-1679 , caused by severe crop failures, from which the entire North of Russia suffered. In 1661, the Izhemtsy complained that they "won't give birth to bread, and we're dying for lack of bread, we eat ... grass." In 1678, an eyewitness reported: "Inhabitants ... are melting and dying ... and such a need in this country is everywhere on ... Izhma, Ust-Tsilma and Pustozersky prison."
Participant of the holiday "Lud"
Some of the owners of the empty yards died, others fled from Izhma, to where they hoped to find deliverance from poverty and hunger: Filippov A.A. "descended from starvation to Perm the Great", Kuzminykh S.F. "die, and his children went to Siberia, but his son Timoshka in the archers in the Pustozersky jail", Babikov K.I. The first wooden Izhma church "in the name of the Transfiguration of the Lord, with a chapel of Elijah the Prophet" was built, according to Tentyukova F.A., in 1678 . She burned down in fires more than once. One of them, "destroying most of the houses and the church," happened in 1700 . AT 1728 a new wooden one-story church was built, which later also burned down. Lepekhin I.I., who visited here in 1772 , noted that the church had a "wooden bell tower ... high and skillfully built." AT petrine era active searches for iron and copper ores were carried out in the Urals and Siberia under promoting local peasants. It was the beginning of the exploration of coal in the suburbs, Donbass, Kuzbass, district Vorkuta, oil fields near Wow and in Western Siberia. In the development of mining and metallurgy in Russia a significant contribution was made by de Gennin G.V., Tatishchev V.N., Bruce Y.V. Undertaken sporadic attempts to establish commercial oil production at the confluence of the Ukhta River with the Izhma.
Since the 18th century the inhabitants of Izhma began to engage in reindeer breeding, introducing many rational methods into it, and over time became the largest reindeer herders in the North. In the publication of 1865 it is said that in Izhma "a rare owner does not have from 500 to 1000 reindeer heads". Having brought dairy cattle from Ustyug, the Izhemtsy bred a new breed on its basis, and so successful that in the 19th century. they even wrote: "Nowhere in the Arkhangelsk province is such tasty milk and butter prepared as in Izhma ... where you can make cheeses no worse than Dutch ones." The generally successful development of the economy contributed to the growth of the population of Izhemskaya Slobidka. Until the first half of the XVIII century. it was the only settlement on Izhma. About the Izhma settlement (since the 19th century - the village of Izhma) they wrote about one of the most remarkable settlements of the Arkhangelsk provinces. In the 19th century, as a traveler who visited there writes, the village consisted of two parts - the Upper End and the Lower End. At the point of their connection, there were 2 churches (on a quadrangular site) "between the houses - on both sides of the churches - there is a straight and rather wide street, with which winding lanes merge in different directions.
Widely plowed fields from two sides cover the village, and from the third - a small swamp, on which a bridge was built leading to a dry pine forest. 1801 permission was obtained for the construction of a stone two-story church with two altars. The stone Church of the Transfiguration was built in 1807-1828 . 29 NY 1821 consecrated the first throne, 22 NY 1828- second. AT 1829 demolished a wooden church (built in 1773 ). AT 1833 and 1848 the stone church was rebuilt, in 1884-1888 a third altar was built. In 1860, another wooden church, which had existed since 1794, was demolished. AT 1862 built a new wooden church. In 1820, a parochial school was opened in Izhma, which in 1850 was transformed into a parochial school, and in 1869 into a two-year rural school of the Ministry of Education for boys, under which a craft class was opened in 1871 (they taught tailoring and shoemaking here). 28 MR 1873 women's school opened 7 JAN 1891- parochial school. AT 1833-1838 there were unrest of Izhma peasants who protested against the introduction of heavy road construction duty. AT 1862 a new wooden church was also built.
In 1873 there were 170 households in the village, 1842 human. In the end of the XIX century. Izhemtsy moved beyond the Urals (to the Ob), to the Kola Peninsula, where the descendants of the settlers live up to the settlement of settlements. In 1897 there were 2166 people in the village. In 1905, there were 277 households in Izhma, 2746 people: in 1918 - 365 households, 2406 people, in 1926 - 458 households, 2192 people. In 1921, Komi made up 97.4% of the people, Russians - 1.4%, Nenets - 1.2%. 19 OK 1927 a vocational school was opened here to train personnel for the river fleet (in 1930 transferred to Shchelyayur). In 1930, the village had regional institutions, a dentist's office, a consultation for women and children, a feldsher-obstetric station, a steamboat stop, a school, hut- a reading room, a peasant's raid, Kindergarten, district central library, people's house, agro point, zoo point, camera people's court, bacteriological institute, procurement center state trade, peasant committee public mutual aid, districtgronomist. At Soviet power Izhma - also a running name camps allocated for independent management from Ukhtpechlag in 1933 . AT 1932-summer 1933 worked in the village Ukhta-Pechorsky mining and oil technical school, transferred to chibiu. In the 1950s, the old wooden Church of the Transfiguration was destroyed. By 1959 the population increased to 2495 people, by 1970 - up to 3090 people, by 1989 - up to 3595 people, of which 79% were Komi; by 1992 - up to 3914 people. In 2000, 3838 people lived in Izhma.
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