Cultural and historical heritage of the village. How to apply sunscreen while swimming
Zhirnov's website, which sells goods via the Internet. Allows users online, in their browser or through mobile app, create a purchase order, select the method of payment and delivery of the order, pay for the order.
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/ Rostov region / Tatsinsky district
Zhirnov
Description
Village Zhirnov is located in the western part of the Tatsinsky district, the distance of the administrative center of the settlement to the regional center is 25 km., the population, today, is 6554 people.
On the territory of Zhirnov settlement there are industrial enterprises: Ruskalk LLC, Karbonat OJSC, Landshaft LLC, Zhirnovsky representative office of the State Unitary Enterprise Volgogdrad- vzryvprom, Zhirnovsky crushed stone plant LLC.
Agricultural organization: OOO "Donskoy Sad"
Zhirnov working settlement gasified.
History reference
In 1820, General Zhirnov came to the Don and settled on the banks of the Bystraya River (formerly the Kayala River). For the construction of the estate, the general hired refugees from Ukraine, who also settled along the river. The settlement began to expand, which was spontaneously named after the general - the Zhirnov farm.
Currently, the estate of the general is medical institution psychiatric field. Our village also got its name from this farm, as in 1905 a large railway station Zhirnov was built.
After the victory of the Great October Socialist Revolution and the establishment of Soviet power in 1919, the Zhirnovsky volost village council was created, the first chairman of the Council was Gusev. Farms entered into administrative subordination: Zhirnov, Marinovka. Lagoda, Provalsky, Nikolaev, Apanaskin, Pavlov, Anthill, Straw.
In 1922, the Zhirnovsky volost village council was transformed into the Zhirnovsky village council. In 1926, the Isaevsky village council was formed with settlements: the farms Isaev, Pulichev, Ust-Khalan, Baigarinka, Krasny.
In 1935, the territory was divided between the districts of the region: Tatsinsky and Belokalitvinsky. In 1956, there was a merger of two Soviets - Isaevsky and Zhirnovsky into a single - Zhirnovsky settlement Council with the center of the village. Zhirnov. It included farms: Zhirnov, Marinovka, Lagoda, Provalsky, Khoroshevsky, Nikolaev, Isaev, Ust-Khalan, Pulichev, Baigarinka; R. p. Zhirnov, pos. Bystrorechensky.
In 1973, Bystrogorsk Settlement Council was allocated with the center of the village. Bystrogorsky and the Zhirnov farm, and in 1992, the Marinovka and Lagoda farms were assigned to the jurisdiction of the Bystrogorsk village administration.
Since 1992, the Zhirnovsky village council has been transformed into the Zhirnovsky village administration, since 2006 - into municipality"Zhirnovsky urban settlement".
The sun is the source of life on the planet. Its rays give the necessary light and warmth. At the same time, ultraviolet radiation from the Sun is detrimental to all living things. To find a compromise between the beneficial and harmful properties of the Sun, meteorologists calculate the ultraviolet radiation index, which characterizes the degree of its danger.
What UV radiation from the sun is
The ultraviolet radiation of the Sun has a wide range and is divided into three regions, two of which reach the Earth.
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UV-A. Longwave radiation range
315–400 nmThe rays pass almost freely through all atmospheric "barriers" and reach the Earth.
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UVB. Medium wave radiation range
280–315 nmThe rays are 90% absorbed by the ozone layer, carbon dioxide and water vapor.
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UVC. Shortwave radiation range
100–280 nmThe most dangerous area. They are completely absorbed by stratospheric ozone without reaching the Earth.
The more ozone, clouds and aerosols in the atmosphere, the less the harmful effect of the Sun. However, these saving factors have a high natural variability. The annual maximum of stratospheric ozone occurs in spring, and the minimum - in autumn. Cloud cover is one of the most variable weather characteristics. The content of carbon dioxide also changes all the time.
At what values of the UV index is there a danger
The UV index gives an estimate of the amount of UV radiation from the Sun on the Earth's surface. UV index values range from safe 0 to extreme 11+.
- 0–2 Low
- 3–5 Moderate
- 6–7 High
- 8–10 Very high
- 11+ Extreme
In mid-latitudes, the UV index approaches unsafe values (6–7) only at the maximum height of the Sun above the horizon (occurs in late June - early July). At the equator, during the year, the UV index reaches 9...11+ points.
What is the benefit of the sun
In small doses, UV radiation from the Sun is essential. The sun's rays synthesize melanin, serotonin, vitamin D, necessary for our health, and prevent rickets.
Melanin creates a kind of protective barrier for skin cells from the harmful effects of the sun. Because of it, our skin darkens and becomes more elastic.
Happiness hormone serotonin affects our well-being: it improves mood and increases overall vitality.
Vitamin D strengthens immune system, stabilizes blood pressure and performs anti-rachitic functions.
Why is the sun dangerous?
When sunbathing, it is important to understand that the line between beneficial and harmful Sun is very thin. Excessive sunburn always borders on a burn. UV radiation damages DNA in skin cells.
The body's defense system cannot cope with such an aggressive impact. This lowers the immune system, damages the retina, causes skin aging and can lead to cancer.
Ultraviolet destroys the DNA strand
How does the sun affect people?
Susceptibility to UV radiation depends on skin type. The most sensitive to the Sun are people of the European race - for them, protection is required already at an index of 3, and 6 is considered dangerous.
At the same time, for Indonesians and African Americans, this threshold is 6 and 8, respectively.
Who is affected the most by the Sun?
people with light
skin tone
People with many moles
Residents of the middle latitudes while relaxing in the south
winter lovers
fishing
Skiers and climbers
People with a family history of skin cancer
In what weather is the sun most dangerous
The fact that the Sun is dangerous only in hot and clear weather is a common misconception. You can also get burned in cool cloudy weather.
Cloudiness, no matter how dense it may be, does not at all reduce the amount of ultraviolet to zero. In mid-latitudes, cloudiness significantly reduces the risk of sunburn, which cannot be said about traditional beach holiday destinations. For example, in the tropics, if in sunny weather you can get burned in 30 minutes, then in cloudy weather - in a couple of hours.
How to protect yourself from the sun
To protect yourself from harmful rays, follow these simple rules:
Get less exposure to the Sun during the midday hours
Wear light-colored clothing, including wide-brimmed hats
Use protective creams
Wear sunglasses
Stay in the shade more on the beach
Which sunscreen to choose
Sunscreen varies in terms of sun protection and is labeled from 2 to 50+. The numbers represent the share solar radiation, which overcomes the protection of the cream and reaches the skin.
For example, when applying a cream labeled 15, only 1/15 (or 7%) of the UV rays will penetrate the protective film. In the case of cream 50, only 1/50, or 2%, affects the skin.
Sunscreen creates a reflective layer on the body. However, it is important to understand that no cream is capable of reflecting 100% of ultraviolet light.
For everyday use, when the time spent under the Sun does not exceed half an hour, a cream with protection 15 is quite suitable. For tanning on the beach, it is better to take 30 and above. However, for fair-skinned people, it is recommended to use a cream labeled 50+.
How to apply sunscreen
The cream should be applied evenly to all exposed skin, including the face, ears and neck. If you plan to sunbathe for a long time, then the cream should be applied twice: 30 minutes before going out and, additionally, before going to the beach.
Please refer to the cream instructions for how much to apply.
How to apply sunscreen while swimming
Sunscreen should be applied every time after bathing. Water washes away the protective film and, reflecting Sun rays, increases the dose of received ultraviolet radiation. Thus, when bathing, the risk of burning increases. However, due to the cooling effect, you may not feel the burn.
Excessive sweating and rubbing with a towel is also a reason to re-protect the skin.
It should be remembered that on the beach, even under an umbrella, the shade does not provide full protection. Sand, water, and even grass reflect up to 20% of UV rays, increasing their impact on the skin.
How to protect your eyes
Sunlight reflecting off water, snow, or sand can cause painful retinal burns. Use sunglasses with an ultraviolet filter to protect your eyes.
Danger for skiers and climbers
In the mountains, the atmospheric "filter" is thinner. For every 100 meters of altitude, the UV index increases by 5%.
Snow reflects up to 85% of UV rays. In addition, up to 80% of the ultraviolet reflected by the snow cover is again reflected by the clouds.
Thus, in the mountains, the Sun is most dangerous. Protecting the face, lower part of the chin and ears is necessary even in cloudy weather.
How to deal with sunburn if you are burned
Treat the body with a damp sponge to wet the burn
Lubricate the burnt areas with anti-burn cream
If the temperature rises, consult a doctor, you may be advised to take an antipyretic
If the burn is severe (skin is very swollen and blisters), seek medical attention.