How to fix a gas boiler. Cleaning the burner from soot. Low performance of the DHW circuit and the inability of the boiler to warm up the coolant sufficiently
Despite the reliability of modern gas heating equipment, minor malfunctions occur during its long-term operation. If a breakdown occurs gas boiler, each owner thinks about whether it is possible to fix the boiler on their own, I do not turn to the services of specialists. Indeed, every owner of the heating system can cope with some malfunctions, but there are a number of repairs that should be done exclusively by specialists.
Among the most frequent breakdowns are:
- poor performance of the hood;
- malfunctions in automation.
Before repairing a gas boiler yourself, it is necessary to determine the exact cause of the failure. It is possible that it is simply impossible to do without calling the wizard.
The fact is that each model is individual and differs from other similar models. It is hardly possible to find two identical units that have an identical scheme of working nodes. Some devices have interchangeable working units, others do not.
First of all, you need to study in detail the technical passport of your boiler. Usually, malfunctions that you can deal with yourself are listed in the operating instructions. You will also find ways to fix them.
In this article:
Gas boiler device
According to experts, the operation of the entire system depends on the safety group of the boiler without risks to the life and health of people who are in the house with autonomous system heating.
The failure of even an insignificant link in this chain can lead to the most unpredictable consequences - in particular, to a gas leak.
The gas boiler safety group consists of:
- limit thermostat that controls the boiling of water inside the boiler. If it boils, the sensor will shut off the gas supply to the burner;
- monostat (in turbo boilers), which is responsible for protecting the boiler from the accumulation of smoke inside the combustion chamber. As a rule, this happens in case of clogging of the heat exchanger or chimney;
- blast valve that controls the pressure in the system. When the indicator exceeds 3 bar, the sensor causes the boiler to lower the pressure;
ionization electrode that controls the burner flame. If the boiler is operated without a flame, it will lead to an explosion; - draft sensor, which can be used to determine how the combustion products are selected, whether the chimney system is operating in normal mode, whether the exhaust products are emitted correctly.
It is known that the safety of boiler operation and the quality of fuel combustion directly depend on the draft in the chimney. To the thrust sensor, experts recommend installing an audible gas alarm.
Automation
The modern boiler is automated system requiring periodic inspection and maintenance.
The UPS is a fairly complex device. It should be repaired by a highly specialized specialist using special equipment. Self-repair in the absence of skills and knowledge can lead not only to the final breakdown of the boiler, but also to its explosion.
Control board repair tips.
After the repair, you should not immediately apply full voltage to the board, as it can simply burn out. If this happens, a complete replacement of the burned-out automation will be required, which will cost you a significant amount.
To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to connect all properly functioning boiler sensors. It is also necessary to connect the UPS to prevent power surges in the network.
As you connect the next sensor, you can easily determine where the system "fails".
For example, to check the voltage supply to the gas valve, you should first test the board, and then test the safety group sensors for a broken contact. Only after that it is possible to give a command to ignite the boiler.
What to consider when self-repairing the boiler
Modern gas boilers are complex household appliances. Even the slightest malfunction can lead to an explosive situation. In this regard, it is not recommended to repair gas boilers with your own hands. It is better to call a master specializing in heating equipment.
If there is smoke in the house or there is a clear smell of gas, first of all it is necessary to turn off the boiler and open the doors and windows.
In some cases, a breakdown can be dealt with on its own, and without replacing parts. For example, if the combustion sensor is out of order, it is necessary to completely turn off the boiler, disconnect it from the gas supply, let it cool down, check for draft and restart. If there is no draft, then the boiler is strictly forbidden to turn on and it is recommended to immediately call the master.
The main reason for boiler overheating– contamination of the heat exchanger.
To eliminate this malfunction, it will be enough to clean the heat exchanger, which is the most effective measure. But sometimes the cause of overheating can be improper operation of automation. In this case, calling a specialist is indispensable.
If the fuel supply pipe is clogged, it is enough to disconnect the pipe from the system, clean and rinse it, dry it and reconnect it.
If the flame dies out, which is constantly burning in standby mode, you need to find the instructions for the boiler and, following the recommendations, check the unit for clogging of the column.
To check for draft in the chimney, be sure to check that the room does not smell of gas. Then hold a thin strip of newspaper up to the chimney. If there is no traction, the newspaper will remain stationary.
Device description for , use cases.
Within the framework, we will not touch on issues related to the choice gas equipment. We will assume that such a choice has already been made and we need to calculate the flow liquefied gas and its cost for a particular boiler.
Experts will solve all problems
When purchasing a gas boiler, we most often think about the advantages of using it - the possibility of rationalizing heating and year-round hot water supply. Meanwhile, a gas boiler is a complex household appliance that works simultaneously with two energy carriers - electricity and gas. Moreover, the latter, in the event of a malfunction of the boiler or gas pipeline, poses a considerable danger both to the life and health of the owners of the house, and to property. This is why regular maintenance of gas boilers is so important. Periodic inspection allows you to identify emerging problems and not bring the equipment to a state where its use can lead to sad consequences.
What is meant by maintenance of a gas boiler
What should include the capacious concept of "service" to ensure the safety and serviceability of the gas boiler? The answer to this question largely depends on the complexity of the device and on what functions it performs - only heating, only hot water supply, or both. It also matters what protection systems and additional functions are included in the design.
A complete list of necessary checks and the frequency of their conduct are usually indicated in the operating instructions for specific boiler models. It is this document that should be followed when concluding service contracts with a service organization. Be prepared for the fact that not everything indicated in the instructions fits into the narrow framework of mandatory “free” procedures. Cunning operators perform some checks in the form additional services at extra charge. Don't be stingy. Ask them to also include in the list of the contract. After all, not only the “weather in the house”, but also the health of the people living in it depends on the health of the boiler.
Sample list of maintenance work
In the most general case, the maintenance of gas wall-mounted boilers should include:
- Burner cleaning, during which special attention must be paid to the details that determine the intensity, composition and direction of the flame:
- retaining washer - a device that regulates the position of the burner flame and the degree of its contact with the heat exchanger
- the branch pipe supplying gas to the burner - it must be removed, disassembled, blown through and cleaned of all parts, if necessary, replace failed filters and reinstall
- flame sensor and igniter electrodes
- air sensor responsible for the parameters of the preparation of the gas-air mixture
- Cleaning the combustion chamber, during which all parts of the boiler that are exposed to an open flame during operation are freed from dirt.
- Checking the integrity of the structure, correct operation and, if necessary, adjusting the built-in hot water boiler (in storage models).
- Cleaning of gas inlet and outlet channels inside the boiler.
- Checking the pollution of the chimney, which is usually done for a fee.
- Checking the built-in electronic devices serving the operation of the boiler.
- Adjustment of all adjustable units of the unit to set the parameters recommended by the manufacturer.
- Checking the composition of the gas in the combustion chamber. This is necessary to assess the compliance of the burner settings with the composition of the supplied gas, the completeness of its combustion and the amount of carbon monoxide emitted.
- Checking the serviceability of the circuit breakers. During this test, various emergency situations are simulated and the operation of the corresponding devices is checked.
- Checking the tightness of the shut-off valve - the most important of the safety machines.
- Checking the integrity of the supply gas pipeline throughout the entire area located in an apartment or house and on a farmstead (in a private house) in order to identify and prevent damage to the gas pipeline. Particular attention is paid to the outer sections of pipes and their joints.
Don't experiment on your own
Don't Do Your Own Repairs
There is nothing difficult in the above list. And at first glance it may seem that anyone can cope with such work. But this impression is deceptive. From the eyes and nose of an inexperienced person, the first signs of non-compliance of the boiler and gas pipeline with certain requirements may escape. And in the event of unforeseen situations, not everyone is able to quickly and correctly respond without allowing irreparable consequences.
At the same time, the technician is not only trained to troubleshoot. He is also personally responsible for the quality of the audit. This confirms his signature in the certification documents of the boiler, which must be requested from him upon completion of work.
We remind you that the service life and the health of your family depend on how well the service is carried out, and even more so.
Gas boilers are widespread heating equipment, which is not at all surprising - they are inexpensive, and the price of fuel is low. For safety reasons, maintenance and repair of gas boilers must be carried out exclusively by specialists. But in remote settlements, the arrival of masters can be expected for a long time. Of course, in winter, the house will get cold in a day, so a week-long wait for specialists cannot please. In such cases, this article will help you do the repair of a gas boiler with your own hands.
If necessary, you can repair the gas boiler with your own hands, if it does not concern the gas pipe and automation.
The device of gas boilers
Gas heating equipment is a complex system. Control over the work is carried out by a complex of devices, the features of which you need to know before proceeding with the repair. How gas boilers look like, you can see in the photo.The main elements of the security system:
- Traction sensors (designed for a temperature of 75 degrees). With the help of this device, it is possible to monitor the condition of the chimney. If the smoke is removed normally, the air temperature rises and the sensor is triggered. In addition to the draft sensor, a gas alarm is purchased.
- The manostat is used to protect turbocharged gas appliances from insufficient removal of combustion products, which occurs when the heat exchanger or chimney is clogged.
- The flame control electrode switches off the heating boiler if no fire is detected.
- The limit thermostat is used to control the temperature of the coolant in the heating system. The overheating sensor turns off the boiler when the water boils.
- A blast valve is needed to control the pressure. If it exceeds the allowable value, there is a batch release of excess coolant.
If gas heating boilers do not work correctly or do not work at all, repairs can be made only if the breakdown is not related to safety automation.
Independent repair of gas boilers
Before you start repairing a gas boiler with your own hands, it is necessary to identify the cause of the breakdown. Various elements of heating equipment can fail. Most often, the causes of breakdowns are: violation of operating requirements, poor quality of parts, shocks.Volatile boilers often fail due to reset. Therefore, the repair of the heat unit must begin with checking the settings and the presence of open contacts. Performing troubleshooting, the device is turned on at full power in the "Winter" mode. Repair of heating gas boilers begins with this step.
Trouble-shooting:
- If the pump does not work, then it may be necessary: either to replace the cable or the device itself (read also: "").
- If gas does not flow to the burner, then you need to make sure that the gas pipeline is not clogged, the gas cock is open, and everything is in order with the voltage supply. If everything is fine, but the problem persists, then most likely you will have to change the electronic board.
- In severe frost, parallel boilers can be turned off due to ice on the chimney. As a result of ice build-up and problems with the gas outlet, the device automatically turns off and cannot be turned on again. In this case, it is necessary to remove ice from the smoke grate.
Repair gas heating on your own is not always possible, and only if the malfunctions are simple and noticeable. Only specialists can deal with complex breakdowns. Also, do not forget that gas boilers are dangerous equipment, so you need to handle them carefully, and in no case try to repair it yourself. gas pipe and security elements.
Video about repairing a gas boiler with your own hands:
In what cases can you repair a gas boiler yourself? Often in the process of operation of this equipment problems arise - non-compliance temperature regime water heating, pump or fan failure. Some of these defects can be eliminated with your own hands, but first you need to know what to do. on their own forbidden.
What can you repair yourself
Modern gas boilers are reliable devices that provide efficient heating of the coolant. Their design can be divided into 3 main parts - a burner, safety blocks and a heat exchange unit with additional elements ( circulation pump, expansion tank, fan). If the breakdown occurred in the first two, you need to call a specialist.
Self-repair of gas boilers is possible only in that part of the equipment in which the gas supply is not involved. Any intervention or change in the design (configuration) can lead to a serious emergency. It is possible to single out the main types of restoration work that can be done at home without the involvement of specialists.
- Washing the heat exchanger. It is carried out using special pumps or manually. For the latter, the dismantling of the block is necessary.
- Traction problems. Often the cause is a clogged chimney.
- Failure of the fan, expansion tank, pump.
First of all, you should read the instruction manual for the boiler. In addition to recommendations for preventive work, it provides detailed description designs. If this document is missing, you can get the necessary documentation on the manufacturer's website.
Cleaning the heat exchanger
A large scale layer on the inner walls of the heat exchanger can cause uneven water heating. This is due to a significant decrease in the thermal conductivity. As soon as the water heats up to the desired temperature, the boiler automation switches off (reduces) the burner power. But due to the high inertia, the next "batch" of the coolant will heat up much more slowly. As a result, the alternation of flows with different temperature indicators. This phenomenon brings the greatest discomfort during the use of hot water supply.
To remove scale, clean the heat exchanger. It is best to dismantle the structure - this way you can make sure of its integrity and at the same time. The order of work is as follows:
- Turn off the power supply and shut off the gas supply.
- Close the taps for water supply and distribution through the heating and hot water system.
- Remove the front cover of the boiler.
- Dumping of residual water. For domestic hot water - open the valve with hot water; for heating - a special valve inside the structure.
- Dismantling the heat exchanger. It is important to remember the order of its attachment.
For washing, you can use special formulations or make a solution yourself. The main ingredients are vinegar and lemon acid. Having previously cleaned the surface of rust, the heat exchanger is placed in a container with a cleaning compound. The exposure time depends on the level of clogging. Usually 1.5-2 hours is enough for a complete cleaning.
Lack of traction
Intermittent shutdown of the burner can be caused by poor draft in the chimney. The sensor signals a large amount of CO² and the boiler switches off automatically. For cleaning, you first need to check the condition of the chimney.
Most often, problems occur in winter period. They may be associated with the formation of ice on the outer part of the structure. As a result, the useful diameter of the chimney decreases, which directly affects the draft parameters. To minimize this factor, it is recommended to make external insulation or install a chimney with a layer of basalt wool.
A large amount of soot is a rare occurrence for gas boilers. However, with a long service life, it can occur. To resolve, follow these steps.
- Disconnect the pipe from the boiler and completely dismantle it.
- Using a special brush, clean the inside of the chimney.
- Using a household vacuum cleaner, blow through the structure.
If the gas boiler is connected to a stationary pipe (made of bricks), you need to use special tools to remove soot. They are brushes fixed on a steel rope. After cleaning most of soot gets into the boiler. Therefore, it should be washed thoroughly.
Hardware problems
If individual modules (expansion tank, pump or fan) are out of order, it is recommended to invite specialists to replace them. Qualified repair of gas boilers is possible only if you have a set of tools and a certain practice for performing these works.
The main problem lies in the diagnosis of failure. To do this, experts use devices that determine the faulty node. Based on the information received, a plan for further repairs is drawn up.
In order to avoid emergency situations with a gas boiler, it is recommended to follow the rules for operating the equipment. This will significantly increase the maintenance-free service life of the device.
In a private house, among household appliances, the main place is heating boilers . There comes a time when wall boiler, like another similar technical product, suddenly stops working. The question for the owner is where and how to repair. Logic suggests that it is better and with a guarantee that such work will be done in a specialized certified service.
But the emotions of the customers prevail. Trying to save leads to private master, where an inexperienced repairman acts as a kind of ace. Even worse, invite a scammer home. Such “savings” on the service always result in additional costs and wall boiler repair adds up to a big sum.
Nothing portends the option when the desperate owner, not finding a suitable service that repairs boilers, decides to fix the breakdown on his own. Ends independent wall boiler repair deplorable. At best, to no avail. At worst, the device is already not repairable and have to raise money to buy a new one. We recommend not to tempt fate, and at the first manifestation of a malfunction, contact the masters.
Repair of a wall-mounted gas boiler in the company "GazService"
The GazService company will help residents of Moscow and the Moscow region to solve problems in the operation of heating and will repair the wall-mounted boiler at the professional level. We are available by phone every day without holidays and weekends.
The company's specialized services employ trained engineers who have received specialized education and pass annual advanced training exams. Special diagnostic equipment is available. We install new official spare parts. with the departure of the master at the installation site. The warranty period for the repaired part is 12 months.
Boilers are produced with design differences and dimensions. These are portable wall-mounted devices or stationary monsters, stuffed with the most sophisticated electronics. Sometimes even an experienced craftsman who has special knowledge and experience in such a matter finds it difficult to determine a breakdown on the go. We offer repair of wall-mounted boilers with a professional approach:
- Visual inspection with determination of the cost at the installation site;
- Troubleshooting with a guarantee for work;
- Details from official dealers of the manufacturer;
- Free re-call through the fault of the master.
Don't take things to the extreme. It's best to call the nearest boiler repair service and sign contract for Maintenance necessary appliances. The master periodically pays a visit, and checks the status. This approach and the conclusion of an annual contract will relieve you of the constant search for masters.