Malfunctions of heating boilers. The boiler goes out after switching on. Types of boiler repairs
Gas boilers, like other equipment, tend to fail. The reasons for this may have a different origin - both from power surges, gas and water pressure, and from parameters incorrectly selected by the user. If a malfunction occurs, then it is necessary to understand its essence, diagnose what exactly is faulty, and then choose whether to repair it yourself or call a specialist technician.
It is worth noting that it is important to check that the gas and power supply to the unit have been turned off before starting any repair or service work on the boiler. This will ensure the safety of the troubleshooter.
The most common malfunctions in the operation of gas boilers
Among the malfunctions that occur in Navien boilers, there are frequent failures and problems with the operation of programs. If these occur, then experts advise to check the control panel again, it may be that if it accidentally fell, a small breakdown occurred, which causes the entire system to fail. Also, if there is a problem gas boiler Navien should carry out a detailed adjustment of the boiler in accordance with the manufacturer's rules - the boiler that arrived from the factory may not always be absolutely correctly configured or the necessary settings may go astray during the transportation of the unit to the buyer. This should be reminded to workers during installation to avoid problems in the future.
Troubleshooting a gas boiler
First you need to turn on the boiler. Next, the maximum temperature of hot water supply is set, the indicator of the sensor microswitch should light up. If this does not happen, check the flow sensor signal. If the indicator is in order and lights up, then the pump should start working, water should flow from the main circuit through the secondary hot water heat exchanger. Next, the fan should start to work on maximum speeds. If at any of these stages the work stops, then this indicates the type of breakdown, which is diagnosed further.
Later, the draft sensor should work, the device should ignite a spark, which will ignite the burner. Fire can be observed in the viewing window, hot water begins to flow. When the water tap is closed, the flow sensor should not record the flow hot water. If this does not happen, then the malfunction should be sought in the operation of the sensor, burner and related mechanisms.
Malfunctions of the gas boiler in the heating circuit
Often there are malfunctions of the Navien gas boiler in terms of the operation of the DHW temperature sensor. Otherwise, it must be checked and replaced. Regarding the occurrence of problems in the operation of Ferroli boilers, malfunctions can occur when the gas pressure settings on the burner fail. They should be checked very carefully.
The need for repair in case of a malfunction in the operation of the heating boiler
When diagnosing a malfunction of a gas boiler, you can repair it yourself or call specialists from a service center. On the one hand, calling the masters will cost more, but, on the other hand, it is much safer both in terms of the reliability of repair work, and in terms of the subsequent fire safety of the premises, eliminating the chances of accidents and other emergencies associated with the operation of the boiler.
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2017-05-03 Julia Chizhikova
The device and principle of operation of Proterm boilers
Let us consider in more detail the most popular models of the manufacturer Protherm.
Proterm Gepard 23 MTV (MTV)
This model of a wall-mounted double-circuit boiler belongs to the middle price segment. Equipped with the function of heating liquid for household needs, the power of the device is 23 kW. There are two modifications of the model on the market, natural (MOV) and forced (MTV) removal of the combustion product.
It is possible to control the operation of the boiler using a room thermostat or an outdoor temperature sensor. The design provides for a liquid crystal display, with the help of which the operation of the device is monitored.
Cheetah 23 MTV does not need to be connected to a chimney system, since it has a coaxial smoke exhaust system, which makes it possible to install it in a room without a chimney. The built-in heat exchanger is made of stainless steel, a sensor is provided that controls the pressure in the system.
Boiler Proterm Gepard 23 MTV
Works in two modes winter/summer, power adjustment happens thanks to a modulating torch. Water reaches the set temperature after 3 seconds after opening the tap, the efficiency is 91%.
The function of protection against freezing and overheating of the system is provided. From the pros - very easy to use, does not pollute during operation environment, affordable price.
Proterm Lynx
The installation method is wall-mounted, the boiler is designed for space heating and hot liquid heating. Depending on the area of the room, there are two power options 24 kW and 28 kW. Due to the forced removal of combustion products, it is possible to install it in a room without an equipped chimney, or if it is not technically possible to equip it there.
Boiler Proterm Lynx
Despite the low cost, it has a good efficiency of 94%, while fuel consumption is low. It has two modes of operation: economical and comfortable. Thanks to the built-in electronics, automatic ignition occurs, and the burning of the flame is also controlled.
Water heating temperature control is carried out using an NTC sensor, which is installed at the outlet of the secondary heat exchanger. Equipped with a three-stage circulation pump, frost protection is provided when the temperature drops below 5 degrees.
Proterm Skat
By the way! Did you know that a heating boiler from any manufacturer can explode at any moment - "".
The lineup 6kw, 9kw, 12kw, 18kw, electric boiler, has the ability to step power adjustment, runs very quietly, suitable for heating small areas.
Boiler Proterm Skat
The device is single-circuit, designed for space heating, the efficiency is 98%, it is connected to a 220 V network. Due to the large number of functions, there is an excellent possibility of remote control.
Proterm Bear 40 KLOM
But it often happens that if you do not follow our advice and other recommendations, other often more expensive breakdowns may appear, which in some cases can lead to really dangerous emergencies. Therefore, to prevent them, we recommend that you arm yourself with additional information.
This is the most popular model in this line of cast iron gas boilers, just like the Proterm KLOM 20, 30,40,50 models. This model is often used with solid fuel boiler as an additional heating device.
Boiler Proterm Medved 40 KLOM
A definite plus is ease of use, high efficiency of 92%. Also in the Bear series there is a Proterm 40 KLZ line, which is equipped with a built-in 90 l boiler, it is possible to replace individual cast iron sections which significantly reduces repair costs.
Proterm Panther (Panthera)
Designed for heating offices, houses and providing hot water. Modifications with an open combustion chamber or sealed are possible. The throughput of hot water is 13-15 liters, the maximum heated area of \u200b\u200bthe room is up to 260 square meters.
Can operate at low pressure, frost protection heating system, has a high degree of security. Thanks to the display, it is possible to monitor the operation of the boiler.
Boiler Proterm Panther
The design provides for two heat exchangers, one for providing heat in the heating system, the other for hot water. Suitable for systems where it is necessary to maintain a minimum temperature, there is a “comfort” mode, when it is turned on, hot liquid flows from the tap after 2 seconds. There is a self-diagnosis system.
Proterm Jaguar
It belongs to the most inexpensive models of wall-mounted gas boilers, designed for an apartment or residential building. There are two power options 11 and 24 kW, throughput 10 liters per minute, automatic flame modulation, independent operation of two circuits.
Boiler Proterm Jaguar
Basic error codes
You can find out complete information on the selection, operation and maintenance of gas boilers of all manufacturers if you go.
f1
Error F1 (f1). Loss of flame, ignition blocked and gas supply to the gas valve cut off. This happens when the board does not receive a signal about the presence of a flame from the ionization electrode, while the gas valve is open, the protective mechanism is activated and the boiler is turned off.
It could also be due to insufficient gas pressure. To eliminate, press the restart button, and check if the gas valve is open, and it will be useful to check the plug in the socket, turn it over, changing the polarity.
Also, often the error F01 indicates an overheating of the thermostat, to eliminate it, try pressing the restart button on it. This problem very often occurs in the Proterm KLOM model.
f2
In addition, our expert Alexander recommends that you study this problem that occurs with boilers of other companies, models and manufacturers, because when using them, people usually experience various non-standard situations, which may match yours. You can do this on our, another site -.
Error f2 (f2). The temperature sensor of the heating circuit has failed, or the temperature of the coolant has dropped below 3 degrees. The appliance is locked out because ice may form. Often this indicates a failure of the sensor, check it and, if necessary, replace it with a new one.
Heating circuit temperature sensor
However, this situation can be caused by starting the device in winter time of the year when the temperature in the system is really low. To start the system, raise the temperature in the system.
f3
Error f3 (f3). This error indicates that the boiler has overheated and means that the permissible critical maximum of 95 degrees has been reached, the protection is activated and the boiler automatically turns off.
Wait until the temperature drops below this indicator, the boiler will start on its own. If this situation occurs again, reset the thermal fuse.
f4
Error f4. The DHW sensor is out of order, when this breakdown occurs, the boiler normally works to heat the heating circuit, and the heating of the liquid for domestic needs stops. Often, such a breakdown indicates either that the sensor is out of order and needs to be replaced, or the contacts are oxidized, clean and inspect them.
f5
Error f5. Damage to the external temperature sensor. With such a malfunction, the device works, but the temperature control is carried out by the boiler temperature sensor. To eliminate, check if there is a mechanical break in the boiler-sensor circuit, if there is no break, it needs to be replaced.
Boiler temperature sensor Proterm
f6
Error f6 (f6). Indicates a break in the exhaust gas sensor. Ring the connecting wires between the sensor and the board. Perhaps the board is out of order, take it to a service center for diagnostics, or the sensor itself is faulty. This breakdown can be caused by a faulty ignition transformer, check it.
f7
Error f7. The instructions describe the error as a disconnect. This gap can be anywhere, and means that when connected to the controller, a signal does not come from one of the elements, or there is not enough voltage at the terminal on the control board.
It is necessary to visually inspect all the wires, ring them for a break, check all the connectors. It is also possible that the board itself has failed and needs to be repaired. If nothing can be found, seek qualified help from a specialist.
f8
Error f8 Indicates the opening of the NTC sensor circuit and the grounding of the DHW boiler. Ring this chain of connections, disconnect and reconnect these elements, as the contacts may have come off. If these manipulations do not work, replace the sensor.
f10
Error f10. Indicates a short circuit of the NTC temperature sensor on the supply line.
This fault appears on the display if:
- Happened short circuit in NTC device installed at the input of the OF. In this situation, it needs a complete replacement.
- Also possible if the voltage level in the circuit has decreased up to 0.40 V.
- A short circuit has occurred in the device plug. What to do in this situation? Only its complete replacement, it is not subject to repair.
f15
Error f15. Sensor short circuit reverse thrust. The combustion products controller is located at the top of the boiler, it is connected to the fan pipes.
It is necessary to disassemble, clean all the terminals, remove deposited formations from the tube. If this procedure does not bring results, a replacement with a new device will be required.
f20
Error f20 (f20). The safety temperature limiter has tripped. It is possible that the supply line temperature sensor is connected incorrectly, because of this the temperature has risen above the permissible norm (95 degrees) or an open circuit has occurred.
Temperature limiter for gas boiler
Call her, if you do not find a malfunction, try reconnecting it. Check if the pump is working, bleed air. If you have not been able to solve this problem yourself, seek help from a specialist.
f22
Error 22. This problem indicates low fluid pressure in heating circuit less than 0.3 bar.
Possible reasons for this:
- Fluid pressure sensor failure. Need to be replaced.
- Malfunction or blockage of the pump, or its work is not adjusted. Clean it out and check for proper operation.
Add fluid to the system. Check all elements for leaks, as pressure may drop due to a leak, if it is found, eliminate it.
f23
Error f23. Exceeding the permissible level of the temperature difference between the supply and return lines.
f24
Error f24. Low liquid level in the heating circuit, the temperature rises very rapidly.
Perhaps this happened due to:
- Pump interlocks, or its insufficient performance.
- Happened system airing, and, as a result, the pressure has decreased, blow it out.
- Highway overlap. See if all taps in the system are open.
f25
Error f25. The protection system against the penetration of carbon monoxide into the room has been triggered. Why does the boiler turn off? When this malfunction occurs, the relay contacts open due to a violation of the air flow circulation.
The reason may be:
f28
Error f28 (f28). Extinction of the flame when turned on.
The following causes of this malfunction are possible:
It will also be useful to clean the entire ignition group, including the burners.
f29
Error f29 (f29). Extinction of the flame during the operation of the boiler.
Consider the possible reasons:
- No gas supply to the boiler. Perhaps there is no gas in the line, you need to contact the gas service.
- Check grounding devices, phase, zero.
- The reason may also be burner clogging, to do this, remove the casing from the boiler by unscrewing the two bolts. Next, view the condition of the burner, if necessary, clean it.
f33
Error f33 (f33). The antifreeze protection system in the fan is activated. The contact in the relay does not close.
It is possible for several reasons:
f55
Error f55. Faulty carbon monoxide sensor.
You need to check the following:
- Status of contactors and relays. If sticking is found, then use fine-grained sandpaper to clean and degrease them.
- Maybe, faulty control board and it needs to be replaced.
f62
Error f62. Gas valve defective.
What should be done:
f63
Error f63. Memory board failure.
f72
Error f72. The difference in the readings of the flow and return sensors. Every 24 hours or during startup, the boiler performs a self-diagnosis (system test), this test was not successful. The boiler compares the readings of these sensors.
The reason may lie in the following.
Gas boilers are no exception compared to other equipment in terms of a limited service life as a whole or its individual components. included in the list of routine maintenance in the process of their operation. The reasons may be the natural wear of the material, subject to the rules of operation, but most often malfunctions of wall-mounted gas boilers and others occur when extreme conditions outside the specifications. This may be increased or decreased voltage in the network, pressure interruptions in the gas supply system, high humidity or aggressiveness of the environment in the room.
Diagnosis of malfunction of gas boilers
Troubleshooting gas boilers begins with a search for the causes that influenced the failure. The first step is to make sure that the gas pressure corresponds to the passport data. For natural gas, the operating pressure for most boilers should be 20 bar. Similarly, the real parameters of the electrical network are checked for compliance with the voltage and its drop technical requirements given in the documentation for the boiler.
Possible causes of malfunctions can be malfunctions that cause a pressure mismatch in the coolant circulation system. Water consumption, as a rule, should not be less than 4 liters per minute.
You should also check the correctness of the set modes on the automation devices. In practice, it is easier to determine malfunctions of wall-mounted gas boilers. Access to the nodes of floor stationary boilers is limited in many cases. It is better to entrust the diagnosis of malfunctions to qualified specialists of the service center.
Typical malfunctions of some boiler models
Depending on the design of the boiler, the list of faults is different. Malfunctions of double-circuit gas boilers, for example, involves diagnosing not only the heating system, but also the hot water supply system.
The list of the most common faults includes:
In Navien boilers, failures in the automation program may occur due to incorrect configuration or adjustment of sensors and actuators. At the same time, the factory settings could go astray during transportation;
The weak point of Ferroli units are control boards. Self-repair is not desirable, since some errors can lead to failure of other components. As a result, this will increase the cost of troubleshooting;
Troubleshooting AOGV is usually related to adjusting the normal operation of the injector. The cause may be both the unit itself and problems in the air supply and ventilation systems. Troubleshooting AOGV is best done in conjunction with multidisciplinary specialists;
. malfunctions of double-circuit gas boilers can be caused by both the heating circuit system and the hot water system. Diagnostics should be carried out comprehensively.
What determines the reliability and safety during operation
There are certain factors on which the serviceability of gas boilers depends:
· Pressure surges in the heating system are caused by a lack of expansion tank air. In rare cases, the nipple may fail.
· Deposition of scale in heat exchangers, which occurs due to the rigidity of the coolant, regular replenishment and low circulation of the coolant.
· There is no draft in the chimney channel and the effect of reverse draft in devices with forced smoke removal. AT coaxial chimney blockage occurs due to improper execution of the chimney or its blockage.
· Clogging, contamination and dustiness of the burner and primary heat exchanger. May occur due to the use of boilers in damp and dusty rooms. And also where there is no or there is a lack of air, which is necessary for combustion.
· Exit from the operating state of temperature sensors. Occurs due to the activity of water, poor-quality production of the sensors themselves. Occasionally, it can happen due to overvoltage in the circuit of gas boilers of any type.
Whom to entrust the repair
After identifying the faults, you should be sympathetic to the issue of their elimination. Minor repairs you can do it yourself, which will save time and money. At the same time, it is worth considering the fact that not only indoor comfort, but also fire safety, as well as the possibility of carbon monoxide poisoning, and more, depend on the serviceability of gas boilers. Don't skimp on this system. Only professionals service centers able to provide long and safe operation gas equipment.
When using gas boilers for heating and hot water supply, problems may occur. Boiler malfunctions are caused by improper maintenance, installation errors. If you find any malfunctions, traces of soot, there were cases of flame separation, regular attenuation of the column, you must immediately turn off the equipment and inspect it. In most cases, self-repair is not recommended, it is necessary to call a specialist as soon as possible. In most cases gas boilers heating become faulty due to a violation of traction, an excess of soot. You can fix this problem yourself.
If you notice a malfunction in the gas boiler, you do not need to do repairs yourself, it is better to invite the master.
Symptoms
There is a classification of malfunctions of gas boilers according to a number of criteria:
- intermittent, final faults;
Such situations arise if any parameters simply do not correspond to the working ones, that is, the equipment fails.
- primary, secondary;
The primary failure of the equipment can be called independent, it is observed for the first time. The secondary comes after the primary, when the repair in the first has not been made. This situation can cause a complete failure of the heating equipment, you must immediately take appropriate measures.
- obvious, non-obvious;
This group of faults includes leaks, malfunction of heat exchangers. Finding such breakdowns is often quite difficult; this requires a call from the master.
- sudden, gradual failures.
A malfunction can occur literally out of the blue, that is, there are no visible reasons for this, before that the heating boiler worked clearly and smoothly. The main reason is a sharp change in operating conditions and other moments that cannot be foreseen in advance.
The boiler goes out after switching on
In order to check the draft in the boiler, you need to bring a match to the air duct and observe the flame.
Gas heating boilers can be switched off when the burner is attenuated. There are several reasons for this behaviour:
- a problem with traction, which is either too much or simply absent;
- thermocouple has poor contact;
- equipment draft sensors are faulty and need to be replaced;
- strong thrust that extinguishes flames.
In the first case, it is necessary to check the traction, the problem lies not in the equipment itself, but in the operating conditions. This can be done independently, without the help of a wizard. Traction should be checked immediately.
If the heating boiler starts to go out after it is turned on, then additional draft sensors will have to be used.
Checking the draft yourself is quite simple, you need to bring a lit match to the duct and observe the behavior of the flame. The tongues should be directed inside the body, burn evenly.
Poor contact leads to the fact that the equipment cannot ignite normally, that is, the burner immediately goes out after ignition. At the same time, a soft pop is heard, and the flame goes out. In this case, the repair is quite simple: it is enough to clean the contacts so that the work is carried out correctly.
How to normalize traction?
If, after closing the terminals in the sensor, the boiler does not work, then you need to call the wizard, if it works, then you need to change the sensors.
A failure of the draft sensor causes the equipment to go out after ignition, the boiler cannot be started in any way. Sensor malfunctions lead to a complete failure of the gas equipment. It is easy to determine the malfunction of a gas boiler, for this you need to close the terminals together and try to light the boiler. If the equipment is working and no violations are observed, then the sensor needs to be replaced. If this does not help, you will have to call the wizard, who will conduct a general diagnosis and perform the appropriate repairs. In rare cases, a complete replacement of the boiler is required, but only a specialist can determine whether this is so.
Too much air draft can constantly blow the flame off the burner, causing the boiler to shut down. You can determine that the thrust is too large, you can do it yourself. Please note that when the boiler is operating, a strong, persistent hum is heard, and the color of the flame becomes too light, almost colorless. You can bring a lit match to the air intake, it will go out if the air flow is too strong.
Diagram of the correct location of the boiler and chimney.
The boiler can be faulty if the equipment is not properly located, like the chimney. The wind clogs the air flow, causes excessive pressure, separation of the flames. Therefore, when planning the location of the boiler, it is necessary to immediately determine which winds are observed in the region, their direction. It is recommended to invite a specialist to participate in this process, who will help to place the boiler correctly and in accordance with the requirements, to lead the chimney for it in the direction provided for by the standards.
The equipment starts to smoke
Scheme of operation of a gas boiler.
A malfunction can also be observed when soot appears when the column is turned on. Why is this happening? During the operation of the equipment, gas is constantly burned. For 1 m³ of a gas mixture, approximately 10 m³ of air is needed, and if there is not enough air volume, then all the gas does not have time to burn out and soot forms. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to adjust the volume of air sucked in by the gas boiler burner.
This is done as follows:
- first you need to find a washer for the damper of the equipment. It will allow you to adjust the incoming flow of air masses;
- when the burner is lit, the air flow is regulated. You should watch for a while how the flame burns. It is recommended to use a small mirror if it is not possible to look inside the boiler body. If the gas boiler has an excess of air masses, a rumble is heard, there is a separation of the flame from the burner, then this is fraught with shutdown of the equipment. The flame is usually blue in color, some of its parts acquire a greenish tint, burning is noisy. If there is a lack of air, but the flame is red with yellowish patches, then such a lack of air also leads to a shutdown. In any case, it is necessary to adjust the flow so that the heating equipment can be used normally. During normal combustion, there are almost no traces of soot, the flame itself is grayish.
The appearance of soot is also accompanied by an excess of dust that is in the air, and during the operation of the heating boiler it is simply sucked along with the flow into the burner. With this negative phenomenon, all air channels are clogged, that is, soot appears, which settles not only on the walls of the equipment, but also on the burner itself, causing various malfunctions.
Why does the flame break off at the igniter?
Scheme of work gas burner in the boiler.
Sometimes when turned on, the flame breaks off. There may be several reasons for this, but the main one is a problem with traction. During operation of the gas boiler most of of all problems is connected precisely with poor, insufficient draft, when the burner is simply not able to work normally. For a gas boiler, too strong or too little draft causes flames to break off the burner, and this leads to the fact that the boiler stops heating up, that is, it turns off. That is why there is a need for constant monitoring of the level of thrust; for this, special sensors are used.
It is not always the thrust of a gas boiler that causes the flames to break off. Violation of the integrity of the nozzle holes can also provoke separation. In this case, a complete replacement of the burner nozzles is required. How could this happen? Most likely, the burner nozzle was damaged during cleaning. Therefore, the maintenance of a gas boiler must be carried out carefully, in full accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer.
Another significant cause of flame separation can be excessive pressure in the gas pipeline. Then you will have to immediately call the gas workers who will be able to adjust the gas supply. It is not worth trying to solve the problem on your own, as it is too dangerous.
The boiler goes out in hot weather: troubleshooting
In rare cases, there is such a situation when the gas boiler starts to go out in the summer. The reason is the lack of draft for the burner to work. It is in the warm season that the draft noticeably worsens, so many experts do not recommend turning on the boiler for permanent operation this season, it is better to do this periodically, for example, to get hot water. During the night, the chimney cools down, its internal temperature becomes lower than its level on the street, which is why there are such problems with the performance of the equipment.
In order to eliminate the malfunction, it is necessary to warm up the chimney, that is, to insulate it. But there is another reason - shutdown of equipment in warm weather. It is possible that the draft sensor is faulty, which can work normally in winter, but in summer it constantly turns off the equipment. Repairing the boiler in this case is useless, only its complete replacement is necessary.
Any equipment requires appropriate maintenance and preventive inspection. This reduces the likelihood of breakdowns and malfunctions to a minimum. But if the gas boiler starts to work incorrectly, its burner constantly goes out or soot appears when turned on, then an immediate inspection, preventive maintenance or repair is required.
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