End of the heating season. Myths of housing and communal services: Who has the right to start the heating season
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Often consumers are interested in what the schedule is heating season. At what temperature does the heating turn on and off? It often happens that the heat supply is turned on after the apartments become damp and cold, and turned off long before the onset of heat.
When is the start and end of the heating season? To deal with this issue, you first need to analyze a few common opinions.
How is the decision made on the schedule of the heating season
In fact, housing and communal services have nothing to do with starting and stopping heating. This decision is up to the municipal authorities. It is they who give the appropriate order to local thermal power plants and heating networks, and they, in turn, give the command to the housing and communal services.It is believed that turning on and off heating directly depends on the average daily temperature, but this is only a secondary factor. The date is more important - for example, if warm weather sets in in February, the heat supply is not turned off - and so it is clear that there will still be frosts, and starting the system is a laborious and costly process (more: ""). But in this case, the temperature of the batteries during the heating season drops to a minimum.
It should be borne in mind that the bill for the service is billed in full, despite the fact that the radiators were barely warm. This problem can be solved only by installing heat meters on heating appliances as shown in the photo. However, you need to be prepared for the fact that they are not cheap.
To start heating systems, it is not enough just to turn the valves in elevator node. It is also necessary to bleed air from expansion tank or risers (respectively for the upper and lower spill options), as well as solve problems with flooding of apartments and independent shutdowns of risers by residents. The fact is that after replacing the batteries with your own hands, leaks are not uncommon: there are times when several lower apartments suffer from a flood at once.
You can avoid this when replacing radiators: you just need to pressurize new devices or at least fill the riser. By law, even in the summer, heating systems must be filled with water.
The beginning of the heating season, according to the law, begins from October 1 to October 15, but the average daily temperature, as well as the set temperature, also plays an important role. It should be borne in mind that by this time the system is ready to start, but the batteries do not heat up immediately. There is a special schedule for launching houses, thanks to which it is possible to solve emerging problems in a timely manner - for example, leaks. In buildings with a lower spill (risers are connected in pairs on the top floor), heat appears only after the residents of the upper apartments bleed the air on their own or call a plumber for this.
Start and end of the heating season
Now you can move on to what date the heating season starts and when it ends.Heat in houses appears if two conditions are met:
- It's the right time of the year. Usually heating is started in the period from 1 to 15 October.
- The average daily temperature is less than +8 degrees for five days. Of course, a prolonged cold snap can also occur in the summer, but no one will start heating for just a week - this is simply not advisable. But it is also not reasonable to delay the heating season, because if the system freezes, you will have to spend a lot of money and time on emergency recovery work.
- Season. Usually the heating is turned off between April and mid-May, depending on the region.
- Weather forecast. Before deciding to stop heating systems, the weather forecast is being viewed - if a strong cooling is expected in the coming days, then there is no shutdown. In addition, if there are prolonged frosts, the heating is also not turned off.
- To end the heating season - the average daily temperature should be more than +8 degrees. Moreover, this parameter should be observed over the last five days.
Ways to heat your home during the off-season
As can be seen, the timing of the start of the heating season (and its end) is not stable and varies depending on the average daily temperature. It is clear that at +8 degrees in the apartments it is quite cold, and within the necessary five days the housing is completely dry. In addition, before the average daily temperature drops to +8 degrees and below, it can be +10 for more than one week outside, and no one will start the heating system. That is why residents have to look for ways to heat the apartment on their own. What methods are the most popular and safest?Fan heaters allow you to quickly heat even a large area, and at the same time they consume a small amount of electricity. Since they do not take up much space, they are convenient to store when they are not needed, even in a small apartment. However, it should be borne in mind that their use worsens air quality - due to the oxidation of the spiral material and the combustion of dust, the oxygen content decreases (read also: "").
More common are oil heaters and floor or wall heating convectors. They have less effect on the composition of the air, but dry it. The main disadvantage of such heaters is the high consumption of electricity. So, to heat a room with an area of 20 square meters, you will need a heater with a power of about 2 kW.But the most The best way home heating is the use of air conditioners. A conventional device pumps 2.5-5 kW of thermal energy into an apartment from the street, while consuming about 1 kW of electricity. The most economical are inverter air conditioners of the latest generation with rotary compressors. They generate 5 times more heat than they consume electricity.
At the same time, it cannot be said that the temperature at the beginning of the heating season is a priority factor. Nevertheless, the time of the year plays a big role - even if it is still warm in November, the heating will still be turned on.
Heating season schedule on video:
Hello, friends! Heating season in accordance with the "Rules for the technical operation of thermal power plants", clause 11.7. starts when the average daily outside temperature is +8 °C or lower for five consecutive days. The decision to start the heating season, however, as well as to end and turn off the heating, is made by the administration of the settlement, city. Basically, City Hall. The head of the city, settlement signs and issues an order or order on the beginning of the heating season with his signature.
After that, the heating starts. First of all, of course, kindergartens, schools, hospitals. Then the housing stock, apartment buildings, objects of social and cultural life. Here it must be said that the administrations do not strictly adhere to the point on the average daily temperature in the street of +8 C and below. It's more like a recommendation. In fact, the decision to start the heating season is often made for economic and political reasons. For example, the mayor has elections in the fall. Of course, he will not delay the start of the heating season. And for example, elections are not expected, and you can save a little. After all, tariffs for heat are not cheap.
For an ordinary consumer of thermal energy, the heating season begins if he has all the paperwork. Namely, acts of technical and financial readiness. In general, it must be said that every year inspectors of heat supply organizations are becoming more and more strict in the execution and observance of the “PTE TE” in the ITP (heating units) of buildings.
ITP pressure regulator
Therefore, it becomes more difficult to get hands on technical readiness certificates from the TSO inspector every year. If 5-7 years ago, with some remarks (for example, no safety valve in ITP) I could get by with a letter of guarantee, but now this will not work. Required to the fullest extent.
As for the act of financial readiness, we can say that this paper is largely formal. If the consumer of heat energy has no debt, and all current payments according to the heat supply contract are carried out carefully, then you can sleep peacefully. The act of financial readiness will be signed without problems from both sides.
If everything is in order with the acts of technical and financial readiness, it remains to get an order for connecting heat. Moreover, it is not necessary for you to receive the outfit for connecting heat energy in your hands. But you need to know its number and date. This number can usually be obtained from the inspector of the heat supply organization who took over the heating substation of the building from you. Even better, if he takes you a copy of the order to connect the heat. Immediately before connecting the heat, you need to call the control room of the energy supplying organization and inform the dispatcher of the number and date of the order for connecting the heat of the building.
After the dispatcher takes note of your information and gives the go-ahead to connect, you can start the heat directly. About how to start heating, I have a detailed one on the site. In short, I can say that the procedure here is the opposite of what it was when the heat was turned off. That is, the valves are opened first on the return, and then on the supply. After all these procedures and actions, the heating season can be considered begun.
This year, the shutdown of heating in Moscow will begin on May 4.According to the regulations, five days are allotted for the procedure, but usually power engineers cope much earlier.
"The process of turning off the heating in the capital will begin today, such a decision was made on behalf of the mayor of the city, Sergei Sobyanin. According to existing standards, heating in the city is turned off if the average daily air temperature for five days is kept at plus 8 degrees and tends to rise. Process shutdowns will go in stages: first, industrial enterprises, then residential buildings, then social facilities", - said the Deputy Mayor for Housing and Communal Services and Improvement Petr Biryukov.
/ Wednesday 4 May 2016 /According to the official, the heat supply will be stopped in several stages. . . . . .
Work to turn off heating in Moscow will be fully completed on May 6, Petr Biryukov, deputy mayor of the capital for housing and communal services and landscaping, told reporters on Thursday.
He explained that the temperature in the Moscow region for several days has been above the indicators necessary to turn off the heating.
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Moscow. . . . . .
"The weather in the Moscow region has been above the norm for several days, which is necessary to turn off the heating"- said P. Biryukov.
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Biryukov " Interfax ” May 4th.. . . . .
Today in Moscow ends the heating season - the batteries in the houses will be turned off in the coming days. According to Petr Biryukov, Deputy Mayor of the Russian capital for housing and communal services and improvement, at present the temperature of the coolant has already been reduced to a minimum, preparations have begun to turn off the heat.
As expected, batteries will be turned off first at industrial enterprises, then at residential buildings, and then at social facilities - in kindergartens, schools, hospitals and clinics.
Typically, heating in homes, social facilities and businesses is turned off within five days, but often power engineers cope faster.
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In the coming days in the city, weather forecasters predict from 16 to 25 degrees during the day and 6-10 degrees at night.
The heating season is ending in the capital - from today, batteries will be turned off in houses. . . . . .
As the deputy mayor explained, at present the temperature of the coolant has already been reduced to a minimum and preparations have begun to turn off the heat.
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Recall, earlier it was reported that this heating season began in October and passed without failures and accidents. Energy and thermal systems cities have fully withstood the load.
Starting today, heating will be turned off in homes, enterprises and social facilities, according to the mos.ru portal, citing Deputy Mayor for Housing and Communal Services and Improvement Pyotr Biryukov. The corresponding decision was made on behalf of Sergei Sobyanin.
The temperature of the coolant in the heating systems of residential buildings has already been reduced to a minimum, now a complete shutdown of heat will begin. At the same time, MKD will be the last objects where the heating will be turned off - public utilities will start from industrial enterprises.
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The heating season is coming to an end in Moscow - heating began to be turned off in residential buildings from May 4, said Petr Biryukov, Deputy Mayor for Housing and Public Utilities and Improvement.
On behalf of Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin, the heating season ends on May 4 in the capital. The city heating system switches to summer mode. Turning off the heating in the capital's buildings will be completely completed on May 6.
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Heating is turned off after the average daily temperature is above +8 degrees for 5 days.First of all, the heat supply is stopped for industrial enterprises, then in residential buildings. Last but not least, the heating is turned off in the buildings of kindergartens, schools, clinics and hospitals. The heating season went off without a hitch.
Heating season 2017 in Russia will be associated with many changes in the housing sector. Thus, according to the latest decrees of the Ministry of Construction, the regions received expanded powers, which give them the right to individually determine the beginning and end of the heating season, based on the characteristics of the local climate. Thus, the supply of heat to the homes of Russians will directly depend not on the date on the calendar, but on the readings of thermometers.
The authorities also decided to improve the situation in terms of informing citizens about the activities of public utilities and changes regarding utilities. Starting from 2016, public services websites should publish up-to-date information about upcoming events in the housing and communal services sector (repair work, inspections, etc.), the readiness of the region for the heating season, and changes in tariffs.
The issues of increasing the cost of housing and communal services and the fight against non-payers remain topical. The economic crisis had a negative impact on the solvency of citizens - the depreciation of the ruble led to a drop in real incomes of the population, which is why many Russians began to delay payments for communal services.
Start of the heating season in 2017
Previously, public utilities supplied heat to the homes of Russians, provided that for 5 days in a row the thermometer showed no more than +8 degrees, and October 15 had already passed on the calendar. However, this approach could hardly be called rational, given the difference in climatic conditions different regions. So, residents of the northern regions need heating much earlier than October 15, while southerners, on the contrary, may not need hot batteries until almost November.
Thanks to the adopted changes, the regional authorities will be able to decide for themselves when to start the heating season. This innovation will make the life of many Russians more comfortable, and in some cases it will even save on heating, because it will be clearly tied to the air temperature outside.
Some deputies express doubts about the expediency of this initiative. Officials fear that the regional authorities will use the new powers for selfish purposes, which will only harm the well-being of Russians. However, the Ministry of Construction assures that this issue is under strict control and the regions will not be allowed to worsen the living conditions of citizens. So, according to the decision of the department, the minimum temperature threshold of +8 degrees can only be changed upwards.
Civil control of housing and communal services
Thanks to the opening of access to a single information database of housing and communal services, the Russians will be able to control the work of public utilities. Starting from July 2016, associations of apartment owners, building management companies and institutions responsible for water, electricity and heat supply will be required to publish on the website of public services detailed information on tariffs, repair time, readiness of infrastructure for the winter season, etc. d.
This will allow citizens to keep abreast of developments in the housing and communal services sector, monitor the performance of their duties by public utilities and monitor changes in the tariffication of services.
In addition, from January 2017 it will be possible to forget about paper receipts - all payments will be published in electronic form. If the organization ignores this requirement, citizens will have the right not to pay for their services without the risk of penalties.
Will tariffs go up?
This issue remains quite controversial, because with the onset of the crisis, the public's debt for communal services has increased significantly, and raising tariffs can only aggravate this situation. Given this, the government ordered to keep the growth in prices for housing and communal services until 2018 at the level of inflation.
Some deputies announced the need to freeze tariffs until January 2017, since the pace of wage increases for Russians is far behind the rate of rise in prices for communal apartments.
This opinion is supported by many economic experts, stating that public utilities need to work on increasing internal efficiency rather than shouldering rising costs on the shoulders of citizens.
However, from July 1, 2016, the Russians, nevertheless, expect some rise in price of heat and hot water. At the same time, tariffs will grow differently depending on the region and heat suppliers. For example, if in the Novosibirsk region price indexation will be 3.5%, then in Kamchatka it will be as much as 6.5%.
Together with the increase in tariffs, the authorities of some regions plan to toughen the fight against non-payers. Among the measures that will be applied to reduce debts, increase penalties and attract collectors.
Political analysts note that the authorities will try to keep tariffs in check until the elections in 2018, just as in the case of tax increases. Fearing the loss of votes of citizens, the deputies will continue to postpone such unpopular decisions to the last.
What about energy saving
As far back as last year, experts calculated that Russians overpay for utilities by about two times, since housing and communal services include losses caused by depreciation of engineering systems in the cost of their services. The situation could be corrected by a global increase in the degree of energy saving and modernization in the housing and communal services sector. According to experts, only cleaning radiators can reduce energy consumption by 25%, and more serious debugging of engineering systems of houses can save up to 100 billion rubles a year.
However, modernization is hampered by the lack of state support and the reluctance of companies responsible for house management to deal with this issue. The latter act as an intermediary between residents of houses and public utilities, therefore they are not interested in improving energy efficiency, and the public utilities themselves declare that they do not have the funds to carry out such work.
The article was written specifically for the site “2017 Year of the Rooster”: http: // site
Every year, at the same time, many begin to ask two questions - when will they start heating and when will they stop doing it?
It is hardly possible today to live through the winter without additional insulation of apartments, but the summer heat makes warm batteries practically useless. And although some cataclysms, such as cold summers, can affect the supply of heat, in general, the heating season is within strict limits.
What is it and how does it happen
The heating season is a period covering the whole winter and parts of spring and autumn.
At this time, the premises are heated with the help of central heating pipes.
This is necessary to increase the temperature in the rooms on cold days. Previously, stoves were used for this, today central heating is used.
The latter is regulated by the "Construction Norms and Rules" or SNiP. According to its tables, you can find out about the main characteristics of heating networks and ventilation in the building.
Heating can be divided into several types by category:
- Water, air or steam. Water is the most popular, since water retains heat well and can “carry” it far enough. Steam is often used in industrial buildings that require steam. Air allows for both heating and ventilation, but it is quite expensive and rarely used.
- Seasonal or permanent: in the first case, heat enters the apartments only a few days or months a year, in the second case it is constantly maintained.
- Independent or dependent: in the first case, the water serving the building is heated by incoming warm steam or water, that is, there are two systems connected in one place - through the building and from the heat exchanger to the boiler room and back. dependent system is a single unit: the heat supply occurs directly.
- Open and closed: in the first variant, water or steam is heated in a boiler room, in the second, heating takes place in a network heat exchanger.
Heating takes place in several steps:
At the same time, it is logical to assume that on hot summer days, additional heating in apartment building not required: the sun perfectly warms up both the walls and the air, which means that the heating can be turned off. This will help the population save a little on utility bills, and the services themselves - to carry out inspections and repairs. This is considered the heating season - the time when heat enters the apartments.
It is worth noting: all cities have different dates heating seasons: in the northern cities it can exceed 300 days a year, in the south it lasts a couple of months.
When the heat is turned on and off
Previously, the heating season started on October 15 and ended on April 15.
By these days, utilities were completing preparations and repairs and were completely ready for heat supply.
However, this option turned out to be unprofitable: after all, winter could come as early as September, and heat could come in March, which also corrected the heating itself.
In 2006, a law was passed providing for more flexible terms for the heating season, which depended on the temperature regime:
- heating is turned on when the average daily temperature for 5 days did not exceed +8 degrees;
- heating is turned off if this figure exceeds +8 degrees.
To calculate the average daily temperature, observers need to know the highest and low temperature per day.
Neither delaying the start of the season, nor heating buildings for extra days by boiler houses is unprofitable: in the first case, frosts can seriously damage idle networks, which will result in expensive repairs, in the second, the population will have to pay extra for several days when it was already warm enough.
At the same time, various factors are taken into account: the weather, the forecast for the coming days, the degree of readiness of the CHPs themselves. This may slightly move the beginning or end.
Note: decisions to turn on and turn off heating are made by the municipal authorities, not the housing and communal services: the municipality sends an order to the boiler and CHP plants to start or stop, and they already transmit the data to the housing and communal services.
The heating season is the filing time additional heating in apartments and buildings. It is necessary for regular maintenance and reduction of summer payments of the population for "unnecessary" heat.
Watch the video, which, using the example of a particular city, explains the points that affect the beginning and end of the heating season: