Energy saving heating devices. How to choose the right energy-saving oil heaters
All types of electric heaters work on the same principle - they convert electricity into heat. But the only difference is the technology of this transformation.
Power supply rules
When purchasing electrical equipment, you also need to know the basic rules of power supply:
- If there is a need to connect a new electrical installation, applications must be submitted to the organization that supplies electricity to obtain technical specifications;
- All installation of heaters must comply with the project and be selected taking into account the premises and conditions in it;
- All conditions are agreed with the organization and, as a result, they receive technical conditions from it in order to organize the accounting of all electric energy;
- The organization supplying electricity will ensure the development and agree in the prescribed manner all the necessary documentation for the design organization.
As a result, the organization issues conditions in which are prescribed:
- connection areas;
- the level of load and voltage of the object that will need to be connected;
- advice on how to use an electrical appliance;
- protection device requirements.
Overview of energy-saving heaters
In order to be able to compare how efficiently modern electric heaters work for a house, a summer residence and other premises, a small review of them is necessary. To know all useful information about their principle of work and choose a suitable option for yourself.
infrared
This type of heater was previously quite popular due to its simple design and fast heating. The infrared heater has a spiral, which is wound on a ceramic base or placed on a tube, which is made of quartz glass. On the other side of the spiral, a ray reflector is mounted. And to make it safer and protect others, a grate is placed in front of the spiral itself.
The main distinguishing feature of the heater is the heating of not only the air in the room, but also the interior items that are close to it. It is more often used indoors to quickly heat a certain place, while oil and convective ones will take much longer to do this, which will ultimately be very costly in terms of electricity.
One of the disadvantages of an infrared heater is the emission of gases that are poisonous. They are formed on the tube spiral after the dust burns. But if you need to quickly warm up a small room or rooms with drafts, it is ideal.
The features of the infrared heater include:
- prevent the circulation of dust, condensate, mold and the formation of damp walls in the room;
- security for environment;
- ideal for country house, cottages, cottages and balconies.
Infrared Heater Safety
Many buyers treat the infrared heater with extreme caution due to the fact that they can harm their health. If the heater is turned on for a long time, then you can really harm the body. Especially if you do not follow the safety rules and put it very close to your place of residence or warm up the room for a long time without interruption.
To use the infrared heater as safely and efficiently as possible, you need to know:
- if you choose the right power, then the radiation from the heater can even become useful because of the ability to kill microbes;
- if you choose the right approach, then you can increase your metabolism as a result of its use;
Design of an infrared heater
In infrared heaters, glass made of quartz is used for heating, a tungsten filament is placed inside it. This glass is very resistant to sudden changes in temperature. Because of this, such a heater can operate at temperatures up to 95 degrees. Its total weight averages from 5 to 12 kg.
By design, heaters can be divided into two types:
- infrared films;
The films consist of lavsan, foil and aluminum, which are laid on the insulation during repairs.
Heating with infrared film will provide only local heating, in order to create a single source of heat, it is necessary to install ceiling heating.
- infrared panels
Such panels are mainly mounted on the wall or can be installed under the floor covering.
The device is quite resistant to bad weather conditions, so it can also be used outdoors.
Advantages of infrared energy-saving heaters
The advantages of infrared heaters include:
- infrared radiation, which are long-wave and act on almost all objects near the heater and convert radiation into heat
- thanks to such heating, heat is concentrated only where it is needed;
- the absence of moving parts, which in practice break quite quickly;
- the speed of heating the room;
- when using an infrared heater, you can save about 80% of energy when compared with other types of heaters;
- noiselessness of work;
- ideal for temporary heating or additional;
- compactness and ease of use;
- heaters do not affect the humidity of the air in the room and the oxygen content.
Quartz economic heaters
The quartz heater is unique in itself due to the fact that it provides autumn with a fast and accurate supply of heat, the effect is similar to the sun. This heat warms up only people and nearby objects without additional costs for heating the entire room.
The advantages of such a heater include:
- instant heat supply;
- economy, energy consumption is minimal;
- duration of service life;
- practicality;
- safety and ease of use;
- environmentally friendly and harmless to both the environment and humans.
The principle of operation on which quartz works is somewhat similar to the principle of operation of the heat that the sun emits. Sun rays, passing through the space of space, in particular, do not warm it, but the objects that are in it, and when they collide with the earth, it is not the air that warms up in the first place, but only the objects that have come into contact with it.
Ceramic electric heating panel
The main difference of the ceramic panel, which distinguishes it from all other heaters, is the rapid heating of the entire room, and not just its individual zones.
Ceramic panels do not create an electromagnetic field, thus radiation is safe and creates the most comfortable conditions. ceramic panel famous for its soft flow, IR radiation and good heat transfer.
On average, one such panel has a power of about 375 watts, and if it is installed near the front door or window, then the chances of cold air entering the premises are minimal. It also provides additional energy savings. If ceramic electric heating panels are installed in the house, then there is no need to additionally install another heating system or equip a boiler room.
Their main characteristics:
- simplicity and ease of use;
- high rates of explosiveness;
- work in automatic mode;
- maintaining a comfortable temperature in the room for a long time;
- waterproof;
- fireproof.
Choosing the Right Energy-Saving Heater for Your Home
Before buying a heater, you need to clearly define the necessary requirements and criteria for yourself, namely, you need to heat a small living room or a spacious large garage. About a hundred watts of power will fall for each square meter of the living space. To warm up a medium-sized room, a heater with a power of 800 thousand watts is enough.
The question of whether centralized heating is enough to heat an apartment is rhetorical. Everyone has experienced cold when frost hits, and there is no need to talk about spring and autumn, when it is cold outside, and the batteries do not work due to the average daily temperature being not low enough. For this reason, in every house or apartment there is a device that helps to additionally heat the room.
There are many models of heaters on the market.We offer you an overview of the common types of heating devices that can be used for home and apartment. This information will help you choose economical heaters for the home, and, in spite of the cold weather, enjoy the warmth and comfort. Electric economical heaters not only keep the heat in the room, but also help reduce energy costs during the cold season.
Which heaters are suitable for residential premises
Household heaters for the home operate on different energy sources. Mainly heating devices consume electricity. Heaters that require gas, diesel fuel and other energy resources are not used at home, so we will not consider them.
There are 3 types of electric heaters for the home:
- Oil radiators operating on the principle of radiators.
- Convectors using the principle of convection; inside such a device, the air is heated and mixed with cold air in the room.
- Infrared devices that heat a room using long-wave radiation.
Each type of device has advantages and disadvantages. To figure out which heaters for the house are better, we will consider them separately.
Oil coolers
An oil heater outwardly resembles a heating radiator, but it is powered by electricity and inside, instead of hot water, another coolant is mineral oil.
Oil coolers are silent and economicalThe working surface of these devices is a metal case, which consists of several sections. Inside the case there is a reservoir for the coolant - mineral oil. To heat the coolant, a heating element located inside the device is used.
When the device is turned on, the heating element heats up the oil, which in turn increases the temperature of the metal case of the device. The air in the room is heated according to the principle of convection - warm, heated between the fins, rises to the ceiling, and cold air from the room comes in to replace it. Thus, the heating of the room takes a long time to speed up this process, you can purchase models with a built-in convector.
Oil coolers are popular due to the following advantages:
- affordable price;
- most models are equipped with a thermostat, so they work in automatic mode without turning off for a long time;
- mineral oil cools down for a long time, so the heat remains for some time even after a power outage;
- the device is mobile, it can be moved to heat the required area.
Oil coolers also have disadvantages:
- Long heating time of the device - some models warm up for an hour. If you need to quickly warm up the room, use better convector or infrared heater.
- The large size and weight of the radiator make it difficult to carry; also this device occupies the useful area of the apartment.
- Oil radiators are not economical, their use will immediately be reflected in the form of a large amount for the consumed electricity.
Convectors
Convectors instantly heat the air in the roomConvectors are electric heaters in an apartment that use the principle of convection during operation. Cold air enters the device, heats up and exits through the holes in the upper part of the device.
The main advantage of devices of this type is the uniform heating of the room, due to the mixing of heated and cold air. Heating takes place quickly, because the time to warm up the device is not required, the coolant is the air itself.
The advantages of convectors include a small heating of the case and silent operation, since there are no moving parts inside the devices.
Most heaters of this type are equipped with temperature controllers and automatic on/off sensors, which allows them to be used for continuous heating of the room.
The cost of convectors is one of the lowest compared to other domestic heaters, but the electricity consumption is high, which makes it impossible to save. It is better to choose such a heater for periodic additional heating.
Attention! Many sellers, offering to purchase a convector or an oil cooler, claim that these devices do not dry the air. But actually it is not. Devices operating on the principle of convection contribute to the drying of the air to a greater or lesser extent.
Infrared heaters
An infrared heater for the home is a modern device that emits long wavelengths invisible to the human eye. Unlike previous types of heating devices, IR emitters do not heat the air, but the objects that are in the room.
Infrared heaters are the most common devices on the market.Infrared devices have appeared recently, but have become popular due to such advantages:
- The principle of convection does not lie in their work, respectively, they do not dry out the air, do not burn out oxygen from it, and do not raise dust.
- Since there are no moving parts in these devices, their operation is silent.
- The space is heated evenly.
- Immediately after switching on, the IR emitter starts to heat the room, while no time is wasted on warming up the device itself.
- These devices can be used not only indoors, but also outdoors, which is important when doing work or relaxing outside in winter.
There are infrared heaters and disadvantages, and the main one is the high cost. These devices are more expensive than other heaters, which is partially offset by their efficiency and versatility.
The second disadvantage of infrared heaters is that they cannot heat the part of the room that is covered by furniture, since objects completely absorb radiation. The way out of this situation will be the purchase of wall and ceiling models of emitters.
The third drawback of these devices is the poor knowledge of the effects of IR radiation on the human body. Emitters have been used for heating recently, so researchers have not yet accumulated enough data to come to an unambiguous conclusion about the benefits or harms of these devices for human health.
And the last minus is that, like another product demanded by the buyer, infrared emitters are often faked. Fakes do not provide high-quality heating of the room, release toxic compounds into the air and can become a source of fire.
Economy Models
One of the selection criteria household appliances- consumed electricity. Moreover, unlike a washing machine or a food processor, heaters work for a long time without turning off, so their use significantly affects electricity bills. In order not to pay impressive amounts monthly, it is better to choose a heater for the house, which will provide heating with minimal electricity consumption.
There is a fan heater in almost every apartment.The most economical and efficient heaters- fan heaters, ceramic and quartz panels.
fan heaters
Fan heater - household electric heater convection type. Heating elements (open coils or ceramic plates) are located inside the body, and air is blown to the heating elements using a propeller.
Advice! Choosing this economical heater for the home, opt for devices from well-known manufacturers, as low-quality devices overheat, quickly fail and become hotbeds of fire.
The advantages of fan heaters are:
- compactness and mobility;
- economical consumption of electricity;
- affordable price.
The disadvantages of fan heaters include:
- noise that occurs when the propeller rotates;
- overdrying of the air and a decrease in the oxygen content in it (which is typical for devices with an open heating coil);
- During operation, these devices heat up, therefore they are not intended for continuous operation.
Monolithic quartz heaters
Monolithic quartz batteries - energy saving heaters for the house, which is a slab of quartz sand, inside which metal heating elements are placed. These devices are economical, due to the complete conversion of electrical energy into heat. The quartz stove warms up for a long time, but is capable of heating the room for a long time after being turned off.
Quartz energy-saving heaters are bulky and heavy due to the materials used in their production. If you additionally equip the device with a thermostat, you can maintain the set temperature in the room for a long time. This option is often used for heating country cottages.
Ceramic heaters
Ceramic heater for the home is a novelty that is quickly gaining popularity. The working element of such devices is a ceramic plate, inside which heating elements are laid.
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These devices are divided into 2 types:
- Ceramic heater for the home, using the principle of convection - a kind of fan heater, in which the heating coil was replaced by a plate.
- Devices that combine the principles of convection and infrared radiation. Such ceramic energy-saving heaters for the home can quickly heat up the room due to infrared waves and maintain the set temperature due to convection.
Everyone is well aware of the extremely slow and sluggishness of our "native" ZhEKs. This is not so bad when it is summer outside, but when the first cold and frost sets in, real problems begin. And then many immediately purchase heaters for the home. Energy-saving models are currently the most relevant.
Reasons for the popularity of heaters
As a rule, this is explained very easily: the temperature inside the living room is only a few degrees higher than outside, and it is very difficult to warm up. But at one point the central heating turns on. Contrary to all expectations, often this does not bring the expected relief, since the utilities are trying to save money in any way, and because of this, the batteries heat up at half power. As a rule, they practically do not care that coolness is kept in apartments and houses instead of comfortable warmth. Therefore, people are forced to think about how to equip additional heating.
As such, a wide variety of heating devices that consume electricity, for example, convectors, oil appliances, fan heaters, energy-saving infrared heaters for the home and many others.
Heat fans - an easy way to heat
The most common and popular heating appliances are household heat fans. In all respects, this is the simplest device: a metal spiral or grate heats up under the influence of electricity, and drives air through it. The latter performs two useful functions at once: it prevents the coil from overheating and heats the air in the room.
Energy-saving home heaters such as fan heaters are quite affordable. Many of these models are budget options. However, before purchasing, you need to familiarize yourself with all their advantages and disadvantages.
It is worth noting that the heating of the room is really very fast. This is due to the continuous circulation of air in the interior of the room. But fan heaters have several drawbacks: too low fire safety and oxygen combustion in the room.
Infrared heaters for (wall and floor)
These models are a breakthrough in the manufacturing sector. Such infrared heaters allow even in the most severe frost to feel as if it is the hottest region of the Earth. The principle of operation of such devices is quite simple, and their main advantage lies in the very rapid heating of the air. In the first models, the shortcomings were quite significant. The main one is quite high. They also did not have a sufficient level of fire safety. However, manufacturers have fully worked out these shortcomings in devices of new modifications and have practically eliminated them. Another negative property of them is the ability to create a rather large comfort zone, and not a full-fledged warm space of the entire room.
Advantages of infrared heaters
Considering the advantages of these heaters, we immediately note that these criteria correspond to modern models.
- Infrared is what makes them the most sought after models.
- Even with prolonged operation of the device, the space in the room remains with a sufficient amount of moisture, which indicates that they do not dry out the air at all.
- The spirals of this device heat up instantly, and this, in turn, can save a lot of time.
- Due to the fact that the spirals are covered with special tubes, the combustion of insects and dust is completely excluded. This will prevent the appearance of an unpleasant smell in the room.
- Energy-saving heaters for the home are equipped with an automatic function that independently regulates the humidity in the air.
- Design modern models allows you to install the device even in a beautifully finished living room. They go great with any decorative style.
- During operation of the heater, condensation does not form at all, this completely prevents the formation of fungus, dampness and other bacteria on wall surfaces.
- They have established themselves as reliable, with a long service life of devices. These conclusions can be drawn based on the reviews of people who were lucky enough to purchase such heaters.
Radiators and convectors - energy-saving heaters for the home
Convectors are also considered the most ideal solutions for additional heating of living rooms. They differ from all their competitors in high efficiency and economical power consumption. At the same time, they are equipped with high-quality air temperature control systems. Such energy-saving heaters for the home are able to independently maintain the required air temperature in the room without the need for additional control.
As for fire safety, its level is also quite high. Of course, the requirements of the manufacturers still need to be taken into account. For example, in a convector, it is forbidden to cover the outlet grilles with any material, since its heating elements can easily burn out.
Electric fireplace - a modern solution
The following energy-saving heaters for the home deserve special attention, consumer reviews about them are only positive. Now we will talk about electric fireplaces. At the moment, due to the diverse design and efficient operation, they are quite popular among the population, both standard apartments and country houses.
Their working principle is quite simple. In fact, they are an ordinary convector with a redesigned and supplemented external design. An electric fireplace is able to warm up any room well and at the same time give it special comfort and coziness.
During the winter cold, especially if centralized or autonomous heating not enough for the house, it is convenient to use various heating devices. Energy-saving ones are very effective in this regard, which help to create the most comfortable microclimate in the room.
Such heating devices can be used in city apartments, private houses, dachas or cottages. They create cosiness, warm not only in winter, but also in transitional autumn-winter and spring periods, and even in cool summers. Among the whole variety of heating devices are quite popular oil heaters. Such radiators, powered by electric current, combine high power with good mobility of movement, which allows them to be rearranged in any room necessary for heating. There are floor and.
Principle of operation and energy consumption
The general principle of operation of this type of radiator is convection, i.e. heating air with its subsequent distribution from the hot surface of this installation.
You can find out how much the heater can consume energy or use the functions of switching heating modes using a special control panel on which:
- There are light indicators for the operation of the electrical device.
- There are thermostat controls - to adjust the temperature level of heating.
- Some models have built-in timers to turn them on according to specified time parameters.
- On-off toggle switches, etc.
During operation of the heating device, the oil inside its body heats up, transferring heat to the surface itself, as well as to the heat exchange elements of the air heater. It is no coincidence that oil performs the function of a heat exchanger - it has a large heat capacity, cools very slowly and retains heat for a long time.
Before turning on the oil heater for the first time (after delivery from the store or summer storage in the pantry), it must be left at room temperature at least 3 hours. The time of its first use should last at least an hour in a well-ventilated room.
Pros and cons
An oil heater is often referred to as energy saving, because, no matter how much electricity it consumes during heating, the heat remains in the room for a long time after the device is turned off from the network. When purchasing such heating devices for a house or apartment, you need to consider both their disadvantages and advantages. But, despite the fact that the devices heat up slowly and are somewhat bulky, they are still in great demand.
When comparing oil energy-saving installations with heaters of other types, one can note their advantages such as:
- Relatively low cost.
- Complete set (not at all models).
- Design reliability.
- Noiseless at work.
- Ease and simplicity of operation.
- Availability electronic system shutdowns.
- The ability to keep warm for a long time.
- Mobility of movement.
- Availability of special protective equipment for safe use.
It must be remembered that all electrical appliances are accompanied by instructions for their proper operation. It is necessary to carefully study it and adhere to all these rules and recommendations.
No matter how easy these heaters are to operate, it is still necessary to remember the necessary precautions, namely:
- Do not touch the hot surfaces of the air heater (it is advisable to purchase radiators equipped with a special protective cover).
- Do not use in wet areas (bathroom, for example).
- If possible, do not use such heaters in rooms where there are children.
When using the appliance, make sure that it is always in an upright position. In the case of storing it in a lying position, before turning it on, it is necessary that it stand upright for about 20 minutes - so that the oil inside it glass down.
What to consider when buying
When purchasing an oil heater, you need to pay attention to some important nuances:
- On his power: the larger the area of the heated room, the higher the power should be.
- On the thickness, number of sections(the narrower they are, the faster they heat up and less electricity is wasted).
- For availability power regulator and an emergency shutdown thermostat that will turn off the device if it overheats.
- Of great importance is the size heater, depending on the number of sections (with more of them, the power of the device will be higher, therefore, it will heat a large area).
Knowing the following ratio will help you choose an oil heater of the required power: a power of 1 kW contributes to heating a room of 10 m 2.
Conclusion
Some heaters of this type, except for models with a built-in fan heater, may have. By filling the room with aerons, it can significantly reduce the harmful effects of electromagnetic radiation. There are also devices with built-in humidifiers. All this makes oil-based energy-saving heaters quite attractive and safe for use as an alternative source of heat in apartments or private houses.
Electric heaters for home
In winter, when severe frosts crackle outside the windows, there may be a need for additional heat sources to help the central system maintain a comfortable microclimate. The way out of this situation is to use electric heaters for the home, which do an excellent job of this task.
What is the range of similar products on the market today? And what are the advantages and disadvantages of the most popular models?
Types of heating devices
The existing range can be classified into several groups:
- Fan heaters.
- Oil coolers.
- Convectors.
What is a fan heater?
The principle of operation of the device is as follows. The fan heater sucks in air and drives it through the heating coil, after which it throws it back out.
The main advantage of fan heaters is that they redistribute warm air well throughout the room and at the same time are inexpensive. The devices are very practical, but they have one significant drawback - they reduce the level of oxygen in the air and make a lot of noise during operation.
Oil radiator
This is a design that looks like a battery. It also consists of several sections, but inside it is filled not with water, but with oil. Heating up with the help of an electric heating element, the oil evenly gives off its heat. As a rule, the design of the battery has temperature control sensors. They allow you to turn off the device when the air in the room heats up to a certain level.
There are many benefits to oil coolers. This is noiseless operation, and the ability to use the device around the clock, and excellent appearance, well fitting into any style of interior design.
The only drawback is the very high surface temperature. Therefore, experts do not recommend choosing oil radiators for heating children's rooms in order to avoid burns in children.
Convectors
Electric heater (convector)
Convectors are panel-like appliances with numerous slots in the top. Cold air, getting inside, passes through the heating element and expands. As a result, already hot air rises, going out through the marked slots. In addition to the fact that the air actively circulates around the room, the front surface of the convector also heats the room.
The advantages of such devices are many. They are:
- They don't burn oxygen.
- They work absolutely silently.
- The original design allows the front surface not to heat up much and give off heat well.
- Such devices can be installed in rooms with high humidity.
Electric convectors are more profitable and more convenient than many other devices:
- First, they are safe to use. Accidentally touching them, it is difficult to get burned. And this is true where small children grow up. The external panel heats up no more than 60 degrees, and this convectors are superior to oil radiators.
- Secondly, electric convectors help save energy. Almost all models are equipped with automatic thermostats that control the set temperature with an accuracy of 0.4 seconds. Other models control the temperature with an accuracy of 1-5 seconds, which increases the loss of electricity by 5%.
- Thirdly, only electric convectors have versatility. They can be chosen both as an additional heat source and as the main one. In any situation, the device copes with the tasks assigned to it by 100%. It can be mounted on the wall with very simple fixings. Convectors are easy to use, mobile and practical.
Note! Having decided on the design of the device, it is necessary to thoroughly study its technical parameters. Even in one model range there may be several lines that are radically different from each other.
Basic requirements for models
Requirements for heaters
A large number of heating devices are on sale, which differ from each other both in design and in the principle of the device. But state standards impose general requirements on all of them.
When choosing a particular model, it is necessary to pay attention to several technical parameters at once - the power of the device, its surface temperature, safety of use and cost. Let's consider each criterion separately.
Power
Electric heater 2-heater
In order for an electric heater for a home to be effective, it is necessary to correlate the power of the device and the area of \u200b\u200bthe heated room. If the heater is to be used as a supplement to central heating, its power is calculated at the rate of 40 W per square meter living area. If, in addition to the heater, no other heat sources are provided, then the indicators increase several times, and you should choose devices that produce 100 W per sq.m.
Note! With proper modern insulation, the heater power can be reduced by 30-50%.
The ideal choice is a model in which the described indicator can be adjusted by setting different modes power. It’s good when the design has thermostats that allow you to automatically maintain the set heating temperature.
Air temperature and surface heating
It is noticed that more favorable conditions in the room are created by the movement of warm air. But few people know that the most powerful convectors provide the lowest air speed. And this, in turn, helps to give high temperature and heat the room efficiently. From this position, the model is chosen individually, taking into account personal preferences. After all, someone feels good in a very heated room, while others do not like the high temperature.
Note! Passive thermal convectors, the lowest - fan heaters and infrared heaters.
It is necessary to carefully study such a parameter as surface temperature when choosing oil coolers. Batteries that are too hot can burn the surface of the skin if not handled carefully. Irreparable can happen in case of depressurization of the battery. Hot oil is dangerous even for human life. Therefore, if small children grow up in the house, it is better to choose not radiators, but convectors. Although the heating element is located close to the body, it is difficult to get burned on it.
Safety of use
Electric heaters Vect
Not for home. Indeed, in this case, the reduction in the cost of the device is often carried out by reducing the safety of its use. Any such device is connected to the mains. Therefore, it will not be superfluous to choose models equipped with overheat protection sensors and emergency fire sensors, which exclude the possibility of human contact with the heating element.
The safest in this regard is a thermal convector, the design of which involves the use of all the above regulators. However, the choice is yours.
Price
If you compare the cost of a variety of heaters, then it can differ at times, or even more. Therefore, it is important to learn one rule here. High-quality electric heaters cannot be cheap, since when they are created, not only heating issues are solved, but also safety.
Almost all budget models have an open spiral, which, when heated, actively destroys oxygen and living organic matter. Therefore, a dry microclimate is established in the rooms, and an unpleasant smell appears. They lack almost all modern protection functions, and the service life is very low. That's why right choice obvious.
Generalization on the topic
For those who are planning to buy electric heaters for the home, we advise you to listen to our recommendations. A properly selected model will help create more comfortable living conditions without risk to health.
Experts recommend paying attention to electric convectors - a profitable and practical option for a family with children. If such a device is used as a supplement to central heating, then for one room it is enough to choose a device with a power of 700 W. If central heating no, then 1000 watts.