What is the heating season and when does it start? Myths of housing and communal services: Who has the right to start the heating season
In simple words and understandable suggestions about what worries every inhabitant of a modern metropolis - about how and under what circumstances the heating system functions, utilities work, when the heating season begins and ends in 2017, and also what is the average daily air temperature in this period.
AT winter period it happens that it’s cold so that you don’t just wait for heating, like manna from heaven, but also try to use all the opportunities to warm up at least a little. And as soon as the warmer season comes, there is so little air in the apartments that the residents are looking forward to turning off the heating. Firstly, jumps in temperature, pressure and humidity, and secondly, the obvious defects of any modern construction, make us look every day for a schedule for switching on and off heating in 2017. It doesn't matter if it's too cold or too warm, the more precise the clear start and end schedule heating season, the more likely it is not to get sick again due to a mismatch between the temperature on the streets and in the room. In the rarest of cases, temperature anomalies in the summer (too cold) can affect the decision of the authorities and utilities to turn on the heating. In most regions, regardless of the year, the heat supply schedule does not change. Surprise picture heating schedule almost does not offer, regardless of the region.
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Start and end of the heating season
Judging by the feeling on the street and indoors, it's time to start the heating season, but the batteries are as cold as dumplings in the freezer. It is quite logical that both you and your neighbors are interested in who should be given a paw, who and under what conditions makes the decision to turn on the heat in the houses? From a formal point of view, the process of connecting heating is specified in detail. The heating season is launched only and exclusively subject to certain factors.
- The most important reason for turning on the heating is the time of year. In most regions Russian Federation heating is turned on in October.
- Outdoor daytime temperature can be a decisive factor in the supply of heating. The main condition is that it should be not just cold outside, but cold for several days in a row. It is enough that the average daily air temperature outside the room does not rise above 8 degrees Celsius. If within five days temperature regime will be kept at this level, utilities are required to turn on the heating.
Utilities also have an answer to the question why the beginning of the heating season does not fall on a cold summer (when the temperature regime lasts several days at the right level). Officials will tell you that starting the heating season for a week or two off schedule is too expensive from any point of view. And that public utilities do not have the funds for this. In rare cases, however, heating is started. But for this, a miracle must really happen.
Delays in the supply of heating also do not bode well. An unheated heating system is exposed to low temperatures. As a result, the water in the pipes will freeze, and the pipes themselves will burst. Then you will certainly have to spend too many man-hours and money to eliminate the accident.
What are the factors that affect heating?
The beginning of the heating season is prescribed in the legislation, but is the shutdown of heating and the conditions for the end of the heating season stipulated?
The end of the heating season and the shutdown of heating falls (depending on the region of the Russian Federation) in April-May of each year. A prerequisite for the end of the heating season is the weather outside. The average daily air temperature should exceed plus 8 degrees. As in the case of the launch, the heating will be turned off only if the temperature outside stays at the specified level for at least 5 days. Then the local authorities decide to turn off the heating and give appropriate orders to the utilities.
The decision to turn off the heating is made at the level of local authorities. Forecasters must ensure that frost is not expected and residents will not freeze. Only having received assurances that the temperature has stabilized not only for the required five days, but also in the future, the municipal authorities are preparing to turn off the heating in April.
Who makes the decision to turn off the heating?
The decision to turn off the heating is taken by the municipal authorities (city level). State Duma officials set deadlines for switching on and off heating systems. The city lowers its decision to the level of the district, and already the district administration broadcasts the corresponding order to all departments of housing and communal services?
Utilities, of course, are involved in determining the timing of the heating season, but only at the level of execution of district and city orders. The public utilities cannot and do not want to independently decide on the beginning and end of the heating season (or somehow influence it).
Useful advice! The heating season has begun, and the radiators in your room are still barely warm. This situation happens every day, regardless of the year and the resolution. . The heating system can work in different ways, and there are a number of reasons for this. Before you start panicking and calling all authorities, follow these recommendations:
- Despite the fact that the average daily temperature has reached the required level (the thermometer does not rise above +8 degrees Celsius) and the start of the heating season has been officially announced, not all apartments and houses may receive heat through the networks. To get started, contact your housemates and find out how the heating system works in their premises. You will have a formal reason to disturb the management company (housing and communal services) if the neighbors have a similar situation.
- If your neighbors have turned on the heat, but you don’t have heating in the apartment, you may have a faulty radiator (battery). Perhaps paint was spilled on it, or the radiator failed. In this case, you need to contact the emergency service.
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Often consumers are interested in what is the schedule of the heating season. At what temperature does the heating turn on and off? It often happens that the heat supply is turned on after the apartments become damp and cold, and turned off long before the onset of heat.
When is the start and end of the heating season? To deal with this issue, you first need to analyze a few common opinions.
How is the decision made on the schedule of the heating season
In fact, housing and communal services have nothing to do with starting and stopping heating. This decision is up to the municipal authorities. It is they who give the appropriate order to local thermal power plants and heating networks, and they, in turn, give the command to the housing and communal services.It is believed that turning on and off heating directly depends on the average daily temperature, but this is only a secondary factor. The date is more important - for example, if warm weather sets in in February, the heat supply is not turned off - and so it is clear that there will still be frosts, and starting the system is a laborious and costly process (more: ""). But in this case, the temperature of the batteries during the heating season drops to a minimum.
It should be borne in mind that the bill for the service is billed in full, despite the fact that the radiators were barely warm. This problem can be solved only by installing heat meters on heating appliances as shown in the photo. However, you need to be prepared for the fact that they are not cheap.
To start heating systems, it is not enough just to turn the valves in elevator node. It is also necessary to bleed air from expansion tank or risers (respectively for the upper and lower spill options), as well as solve problems with flooding of apartments and independent shutdowns of risers by residents. The fact is that after replacing the batteries with your own hands, leaks are not uncommon: there are times when several lower apartments suffer from a flood at once.
You can avoid this when replacing radiators: you just need to pressurize new devices or at least fill the riser. By law, even in the summer, heating systems must be filled with water.
The beginning of the heating season, according to the law, begins from October 1 to October 15, but the average daily temperature, as well as the set temperature, also plays an important role. It should be borne in mind that by this time the system is ready to start, but the batteries do not heat up immediately. There is a special schedule for launching houses, thanks to which it is possible to solve emerging problems in a timely manner - for example, leaks. In buildings with a lower spill (risers are connected in pairs on the top floor), heat appears only after the residents of the upper apartments bleed the air on their own or call a plumber for this.
Start and end of the heating season
Now you can move on to what date the heating season starts and when it ends.Heat in houses appears if two conditions are met:
- It's the right time of the year. Usually heating is started in the period from 1 to 15 October.
- The average daily temperature is less than +8 degrees for five days. Of course, a prolonged cold snap can also occur in the summer, but no one will start heating for just a week - this is simply not advisable. But it is also not reasonable to delay the heating season, because if the system freezes, you will have to spend a lot of money and time on emergency recovery work.
- Season. Usually the heating is turned off between April and mid-May, depending on the region.
- Weather forecast. Before deciding to stop the heating systems, the weather forecast is viewed - if a strong cold snap is expected in the coming days, then the shutdown does not occur. In addition, if there are prolonged frosts, the heating is also not turned off.
- To end the heating season - the average daily temperature should be more than +8 degrees. Moreover, this parameter should be observed over the last five days.
Ways to heat your home during the off-season
As can be seen, the timing of the start of the heating season (and its end) is not stable and varies depending on the average daily temperature. It is clear that at +8 degrees in the apartments it is quite cold, and within the necessary five days the housing is completely dry. In addition, before the average daily temperature drops to +8 degrees and below, it can be +10 for more than one week outside, and no one will start the heating system. That is why residents have to look for ways to heat the apartment on their own. What methods are the most popular and safest?Fan heaters allow you to quickly heat even a large area, and at the same time they consume a small amount of electricity. Since they do not take up much space, they are convenient to store when they are not needed, even in a small apartment. However, it should be borne in mind that their use worsens air quality - due to the oxidation of the spiral material and the combustion of dust, the oxygen content decreases (read also: "").
More common are oil heaters and floor or wall heating convectors. They have less effect on the composition of the air, but dry it. The main disadvantage of such heaters is the high consumption of electricity. So, to heat a room with an area of 20 square meters, you will need a heater with a power of about 2 kW.But the most The best way home heating is the use of air conditioners. A conventional device pumps 2.5-5 kW of thermal energy into an apartment from the street, while consuming about 1 kW of electricity. The most economical are inverter air conditioners of the latest generation with rotary compressors. They generate 5 times more heat than they consume electricity.
At the same time, it cannot be said that the temperature at the beginning of the heating season is a priority factor. Nevertheless, the time of the year plays a big role - even if it is still warm in November, the heating will still be turned on.
Heating season schedule on video:
The usual shutdown time for heat supply is the end of April or the beginning of May. But this does not mean at all that the batteries in your apartment will become cold from May 1 or May 15. The average daily temperature should stay at +8°C for at least three days for at least three days, while those responsible for the life support of the settlement should be confident that there will be no more sharp drops this season.
How does this happen?
The heat supply company cannot voluntarily supply or disconnect heat. The management of the enterprise must receive an appropriate instruction from the district or municipal administration. After the average daily temperature exceeds the required threshold of 8 ° C, the head of the administration issues a corresponding decree. It must be published. The decree specifies from what date the heating is turned off and in what order. The head of the administration issues the same resolution on the beginning of the heating season.Where to find the document
According to the legislation on local self-government, all decisions of the administration must be published on the official website of the municipality. Unfortunately, not everyone has such sites yet. municipalities. Therefore, the resolution is published in parallel in the city newspaper, which is the official printed organ of local government structures. You can learn about its existence from the news on local radio and television. Fully read text electronic means mass media are not required, but the date of the heat shutdown will certainly be reported.Where to call?
You can also get the information you need from the local administration. The department or committee on management of housing and communal services deals with this issue. It is his employees who usually prepare the relevant resolution for the head of administration, so you have all the necessary information. As for the heat supply company itself, in the absence of a resolution, the end date of the heating season is unlikely to be reported to you there. But they are obliged to notify, for example, about upcoming hydraulic tests heating networks. If in your locality the end of the heating season is accompanied by a shutdown hot water, you should be informed about this by all possible means. Management Company is obliged to place relevant information on its website, post an announcement at the entrance, place an announcement on the radio,A selection of the most important documents on request Start of the heating season (regulations, forms, articles, expert advice and much more).
Regulations: Start of the heating season
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 06.05.2011 N 354
(as amended on 06/27/2017)
"On the provision of public services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings"
(together with the "Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings") 5. If thermal energy for the needs of space heating is supplied to in-house engineering systems through centralized networks of engineering and technical support, then the contractor starts and ends heating period within the time limits set by the authorized body. The heating period must begin no later than and end no earlier than the day following the day of the end of the 5-day period, during which, respectively, the average daily outdoor temperature is below 8 degrees Celsius or the average daily outdoor temperature is above 8 degrees Celsius.
Articles, comments, answers to questions: Start of the heating season
3) utilities Heating is provided using a district heating system apartment building around the clock during the heating period, the beginning and end of which is determined by the local government.
The document is available:
It should be noted that carrying out checks according to the specified algorithm makes it possible to identify many related violations, as well as circumstances that jeopardize the timely start of the heating season. Thus, in 2016, on the facts of violations related to the failure to take measures to pay off debts by housing fund managers, resource supply organizations to resource suppliers, city and district prosecutors of the territories of the region made 77 submissions, based on the results of consideration, 26 persons were brought to disciplinary responsibility (a significant part of the acts response is under review), 24 warnings have been issued. As a result of the measures taken, the debt in the amount of 453,250 thousand rubles was repaid.
The document is available: in the commercial version ConsultantPlus