How to choose heating radiators made of steel. Advantages and disadvantages of panel radiators
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When arranging own house many of their owners are faced with the problem of choosing radiators for heating structures. A fairly good option are steel radiators. specifications who are impressive. Information on the technical characteristics of heaters helps to make a decision, and more specifically:
- working and pressure testing pressure;
- coolant temperature;
- other parameters that affect the performance of a particular model.
There are two types of steel heating batteries:
- panel;
- tubular.
Steel panel radiators
Features of such devices as steel panel heating radiators are that they combine the properties of a convector and a battery. Usually they are produced in the form of rectangular panels of different thicknesses and dimensions. In the photo you can see how they look.The design that steel heating panel radiators have is simple:
- the base of the device is a panel consisting of two profiled steel plates, which are connected along the perimeter with a welded seam. Inside, vertically arranged elongated channels are formed from steel by stamping. Hot coolant circulates through them in the process of heating the room;
- U-shaped ribs are welded to the panels from the back side, as a result of which more efficient heat transfer is ensured. This element is made for convective heating of a room from cold-rolled steel, only thinner;
- the design of one device can consist of the three panels described above. In the case of connecting several panels into a single system, manufacturers cover them using side casings;
- a steel panel heating radiator can have a variety of dimensions. For most models on the domestic market, the height is from 300 to 900 millimeters, and the width is from 400 to 3000 millimeters. The depth of the panel device depends on the number of steel panels and can reach 170 millimeters.
- with lateral connection;
- with bottom connection;
- with universal connection.
Panel steel radiators have technical characteristics depending on the model:
- working pressure in the range of 6 - 8.5 atmospheres;
- pressure testing does not exceed 13 atmospheres;
- the maximum temperature of the heat carrier is not more than 110 - 120 °C.
Steel tubular heating radiators
This type of steel heating radiators is installed much less frequently than panel appliances. The reason for the lesser popularity is the high cost of tubular devices. The structural solution of such heating radiators is a series of vertical or horizontal steel pipes that are connected to collectors. As a result heater heats up and cools down quickly, and its operation is controlled by an automatic regulator.The design of tubular radiators can be very attractive, they are often made in the form of interior items, as in the photo. They have the following parameters: height 190 - 3000 millimeters, depth - no more than 225 millimeters, length has no restrictions.
Experts recommend: if tubular-type steel radiators are installed under the window, make sure that they are at least 75% of the width of the window opening in length.
These devices have the following settings:
- working pressure is not higher than 12 atmospheres;
- pressure testing up to 25 atmospheres;
- the maximum temperature of the heat carrier is 120 °C.
Flat steel radiators: technical specifications
The steel flat heating radiator is the most popular device in Europe today. Its widespread use is due to its compactness. In addition, they are adapted for automated heating systems, and the technical characteristics of steel heating radiators are simply amazing.Steel lamellar heating radiators have a single-row, two-row and three-row design. Additionally, they are supplied with convective fins.Technical indicators: maximum pressure is up to 10 bar, temperature - up to 140°C. A steel flat radiator is installed in both single-pipe and two-pipe schemes.
To produce steel flat heating radiators, manufacturers use cold-rolled steel, which is durable and resistant to corrosion.
Advantages and disadvantages of stainless steel radiators
When comparing the performance characteristics of steel batteries with devices made of other materials, stainless steel heating radiators have advantages in a number of indicators:- due to the simplicity of the design solution, they have a long working life. high quality heating devices made of thick steel (1.2 - 1.5 mm), which positively affects their strength;
- the presence of different options greatly facilitates the installation of steel radiators on their own. On the website of well-known manufacturers, there is always an instruction that clearly and in detail explains how to connect the device with different schemes. heating structure;
- the design of steel radiators makes them one of the worthy components of the interior of the apartment.
- instability to corrosive processes, since steel radiators do not tolerate moisture well, and if they are left without a coolant for only a couple of weeks, the corrosion rate increases greatly;
- welds are very sensitive to water hammer;
- some devices paintwork is very unstable.
Video about the technical characteristics of steel heating radiators:
Heating appliances, including, first of all, must be selected based on the most important factor - their technical characteristics, such as:
- coolant temperature;
- Operating pressure;
- Crimping pressure;
- Other performance parameters of various models.
It is possible to understand complicated, at first glance, technical information and make the process of choosing radiator designs easy if you know the features of various types of steel batteries heating. Therefore, this article will be devoted to the features and types of steel heaters.
Two types of steel radiator structures are produced:
- Panel;
- Tubular.
To calculate heating radiators, you can use the calculator for calculating heating radiators.
Features of panel-type heating radiators.
Panel-type radiators, as a rule, are designed in the form of rectangular panels with different thicknesses and dimensions. Steel heating radiators made in this way combine the properties of a convector and a radiator, and have a fairly simple design:
The basis is a panel of two profiled steel plates, which are connected along the perimeter by a welded seam. The heated coolant circulates through vertical elongated channels located inside the panel and made as a result of plate forging.
To ensure maximum heat transfer, U-shaped ribs are sometimes welded to the back of the panels. Made from thinner cold rolled steel, they contribute to convective space heating.
. Steel radiators heating can have up to three such panels each. Manufacturers often close several panels connected in one system with side casings.
Panel heating radiators of various dimensions are produced, the height of the models ranges from 300 to 900 mm, the width is 400 - 3000 mm. The depth of panel-type radiators reaches 170 mm (depending on the number of panels).
According to the method connections for steel panel radiators to the heating system, models with a lower, side and universal connection are distinguished. Often, bottom-connected radiator designs have a built-in thermostat, so when choosing such models, you should take into account their rather high price. If you have chosen a model that is not equipped with a built-in thermostat, you can connect it using a special thermostatic valve.
Panel heating radiators have the following characteristics depending on the model:
- Working pressure 6-8.5 atmospheres;
- Crimping pressure up to 13 atmospheres;
- The temperature of the coolant is within 110-1200C.
Due to relatively low values withstand crimping pressure, experts often do not advise install steel radiators panel type heating in multi-storey buildings.
Characteristics and features of tubular radiators.
Tubular heaters are installed much less often than panel-type radiators. The reason for the infrequent use of tubular devices lies in their rather high price.
Steel tubular heating radiators are made from vertically or horizontally installed rows steel pipes connected to collectors. This design contributes to the rapid heating and cooling of the radiator under the control of an automatic regulator, which, in turn, allows you to achieve maximum efficiency in the rate of heat transfer.
In addition to high efficiency, tubular heating radiators have an attractive and aesthetic appearance. A successful design move can be called the manufacture of tubular heaters in the form of interior items.
Characteristics of tubular steel batteries:
- Maximum coolant temperature - no more than 1200С;
- Maximum working pressure - 12 atmospheres;
- Crimping pressure - not higher than 25 atmospheres;
- Overall dimensions of the radiator: depth - no more than 225 mm, height - 190 - 3000 mm, length - can have practically unlimited size. However, when installing tubular heating radiators under a window, it is necessary to choose structures whose length is at least ¾ of the width of the window opening.
The above characteristics make tubular-type radiator structures the most suitable option for installation in city apartments, which will withstand quite powerful water hammers during the period of pressure testing of the heating system.
Advantages of steel heating radiators.
In comparison of operational characteristics of steel radiators with indicators of heating batteries from other materials, according to some parameters, stainless steel heaters will look more preferable:
Among the arguments in favor of steel batteries is the simplicity of design, which provides a sufficiently long working life. We must not forget that high-quality steel heating radiators are made from rather thick steel with a thickness of 1.2 - 1.5 mm, which has a positive effect on their strength.
Various design options make it much easier to install heating radiators with my own hands. Moreover, each manufacturer places on its website visual instructions for connecting batteries installed with various designs of the heating system.
The advantages of steel radiators are their design: often such a heater will not only effectively heat your home, but will also become a wonderful decoration.
Steel heating radiators: disadvantages.
The main disadvantage of steel heating radiators is an increased susceptibility to corrosive processes. Moisture renders negative impact on steel heating batteries, and a radiator left literally for a couple of weeks without water will rust many times faster.
Welded seams of steel radiator structures show significant sensitivity to water hammer (most often this situation is observed in panel radiators). During the pressure testing of the system, deformation or rupture of such a radiator may occur.
Some steel heating radiators are covered with a paintwork that does not have the necessary stability, which leads to an unsightly appearance of a low-quality steel battery: the paint peels off after several years of operation.
However, even if these weaknesses are taken into account, after analyzing the comparative characteristics of heating radiators, it can be stated with full responsibility that the operational characteristics of steel heating appliances look quite decent. Having sufficient financial resources and suitable conditions in the house to install these devices, there is no doubt!
When choosing devices for the heating system of a private house or apartment, owners often find themselves in a dead end and get lost when faced with a huge selection of devices. After all, correctly selected elements of the heating system are not only a guarantee of its long-term operation, but also maximum heat transfer.
Panel steel heating radiators are an invention of the late last century, which was promoted by the production of steel sheets, welding, painting in an attempt to create heating radiators that will have higher performance than cast iron batteries.
There is nothing complicated in the production of panel steel heating radiators. Initially, panels are stamped from 1.25 mm thick steel sheets. At the same time, U-shaped steel convectors 0.3-0.5 mm are manufactured. Already finished panels are welded by roller welding, and convectors are already welded to them. Painting takes place at the very end of the production of the product.
heating have hundreds or even thousands of items, require huge storage facilities that only large corporations can afford. In addition, the organization of a dealer and distribution network requires solid financial, material and human resources.
Advantages and disadvantages
Any product, regardless of its purpose, has advantages and disadvantages that are known in comparison. Steel radiators, in contrast, have a one-piece design, which can have a number of advantages over other panel types, but there are also disadvantages.
Advantages:
- Holistic battery design
After the purchase, the panel radiator is already completely ready for operation, and it only needs to be connected to the pipes. As in other radiators, you do not need to add or subtract sections. When buying, you should choose the desired panel size and that's it. The product only needs to be hung on the wall, and everything else, up to connecting to the pipes of the heating system, can be done later. Also, this advantage - integrity - becomes a disadvantage: in the event of a leak, you cannot replace only the section, as in other batteries, but you will have to change the entire panel.
- Aesthetics
Many say that the panel type of batteries is better than modern housing, but this is a matter of taste for everyone. If you paint the product to match the color of the room or curtains, then the panel radiator will become generally inconspicuous. Quite a few steel panel radiators come with a bottom type, which allows you to hide the pipes.
- High level of heat transfer
With a very high thermal conductivity, steel becomes an excellent material for choosing radiators with optimal technical characteristics. And the presence of convectors makes steel radiators for heating generally ideal in terms of heat transfer.
- Saving
Not everyone is suitable for a high-budget heating system for a private house, and in this case, steel panel radiators are a great solution. They keep a small amount of coolant in themselves, giving off its heat to the room as much as possible. Low inertia in conjunction with a radiator thermostat allows you to save up to 40% of energy.
Flaws:
- Corrosion resistant
In case of non-compliance with operating conditions, for example, work with low-quality coolant, steel panel radiators can quickly. The presence of air in the system, the pH value that does not correspond to the norm, the annual coolant drains - in this mode, the radiators will not last long.
- Low water hammer resistance
Water hammer does not occur in closed heating systems in private houses, but only in open - apartment networks. But for safety, if the batteries are installed in the apartment, it is worth securing the devices with some kind of extinguishing device. For example, a pressure reducer.
- Sensitive to transport
Any, even an insignificant steel panel, can lead to breakage and, as a result, leaks, which will entail complete unsuitability for the operation of the entire battery.
Performance characteristics and types
Basically panel radiators have the following specifications:
- operating pressure - up to 10 bar;
- test pressure - 13 bar;
- coolant temperature - up to 110 ° C.
Panel radiators are divided into the following types:
- T 10 - single row, without convector and cladding;
- T 11 - single-row with one convector, without upper grate;
- T 20 - double row, without convector, with air outlet grille;
- T 21 - double-row, with one convector fin and with a closed casing;
- T 22 - double-row with two convector fins and a closed casing;
- T 30 - three-row, without a convector, closed with a grate from above;
- T 33 - three-row with three convectors and a closed casing.
Types 10 and 11, having no convection, are capable of heat transfer solely by heating the air.
Flat or stamped panels, having dimensions in height - 200-900 mm, in length - 400-3000 mm.
Vogel Nuth are the only manufacturers of vertical heating products with a width of 500-600 mm and a height of up to 2.6 m, types 10, 20K.
There are two types: side and bottom, with preset thermostatic valve.
Main differences between types 11, 22 and 33
A convector is a steel "coil" located between the panels of the heating device, designed to ensure that the air heated by the heating radiator, passing through the channels, has time to warm up.
The warmer the air, the easier it is. Its exit speed from the radiator increases, and if you bring your hand from above to a properly made radiator, you will feel the movement of air, as if a fan is driving it from inside. For example, battery Type 22 has two convectors.
According to international standards, the designation of the type of heating device (for example, Type 22) is its technical characteristics: the first digit is the number of steel panels, and the second is the number of convectors. Type 11 has one panel and one convector, Type 22 has two panels and two convectors, and Type 33 has three panels and three convectors, respectively.
Type 22 with two panels and two convectors, fins and a closed casing is the most popular and sold out. Since Type 22 is perceived by the consumer as a golden mean and with an optimal level of price / quality ratio.
There are also models VK 11, VK 22, VK 33, which differ in product thickness and power, but by name they correspond to the decoding of types 11, 22 and 33.
Proper operation and selection of the battery for the appropriate heating system will help the device last longer.
The current market for devices designed for space heating is very saturated. You are simply offered great amount different devices that have different qualities will perform a different set of functions. In this article, you will learn what steel panel radiators are, how they work, and why they are good. You will also have the opportunity to understand how to connect such equipment to your heating system.
What is product?
Panel steel radiators are special heating devices that have an average degree of thermal conductivity compared to units made of other materials.
These devices are made of very high quality steel, which is pre-protected with special means against corrosion. Such radiators may or may not have fins. Such devices are used in closed and autonomous heating systems, in which there is a low oxygen content in the coolant.
The design and principle of operation of the device
Panel steel radiators have a fairly simple device. The first layer is stamped steel sheets. They have a small thickness, are strong enough, resistant to corrosion even in case of contact with liquid. Small channels are made in these sheets through which the coolant circulates.
Inside the radiator there is a coolant that circulates through channels connected to each other. It should be said that the coolant is presented in a relatively small amount. This principle of operation allows you to quickly heat the room.
Device advantages
Panel steel radiators have the following advantages:
1. Attractive appearance. Modern designers offer a lot of solutions that will help organically fit these devices into your interior.
2. High degree of heat transfer. The fact is that steel is an excellent conductor of heat.
3. Integrity. It should be noted that after purchasing the device in the store, it should not be additionally assembled. It is already completely ready for installation.
4. Profitability. The fact is that the radiator does not require a large amount of coolant, so it heats up much faster than other devices. In addition, the device is equipped with a thermostat.
5. Light weight. Thanks to this, the walls, the heating system do not experience too much stress.
6. Availability.
7. Great variety.
Panel steel heating radiators are quite efficient devices that can provide Good work in autonomous systems.
Flaws
Unfortunately, these products also have certain disadvantages:
Low degree of corrosion resistance, especially if the steel is scratched.
Since pipes that have been installed for a long time contain some debris and dirt inside, the channels inside the radiator can quickly become clogged.
You should not install such equipment on central heating systems, where it is very large. It can simply "break" the device.
Panel steel radiators must be transported very carefully.
Low resistance to water hammer.
Damaged steel you throw away entirely. You won't be able to replace anything in them.
Specifications
Consideration should be given to the quality of the device manufacturers claim.
So, these devices have the following technical characteristics:
1. Dimensions: height - 30-90 cm, width - 40-300 cm.
2. Heat carrier temperature- up to 110 degrees.
3. Operating pressure- no more than 10 bar.
4. Test pressure- about 13 bar.
Device classification
If you need steel panel radiators (you already know the characteristics), then you also need to understand their types.
Characteristic |
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They consist only of a heating panel. There are no ribs and gratings in this type of device. There is no convection in the apparatus, and, therefore, dust. Such a device is used where cleanliness is very important (hospitals, children's institutions). The radiator is also very easy to clean. |
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Such a product is characterized by one row of panels. However, it has ribs on the back. The top grille is completely missing. The advantage of such a device is fast heating. However, its cleanliness needs to be monitored carefully. |
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This unit has two panels. There are no ribs on it. A grille is provided for air outlet. Two-row models have more power, so they work more efficiently. |
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In this case, there are two panels, between which there is a convector fin. A distinctive feature of such a device is the presence of a casing with which the radiator is closed from above. |
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Such a product is characterized by two panels, to each of which a convector is welded. This type of radiators is considered the most popular. |
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There are three panels without convectors. Such a radiator is closed from above with a grille. |
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Such steel panel radiators RSV2 1 are the most powerful. There are 3 rows of panels, as well as three convectors. From above the device is closed by a casing. Naturally, the device is very demanding in maintenance and cleaning. |
These types of steel panel radiators are the most common.
Features of the choice of the unit
The presented products will work effectively if you choose them correctly. First of all, you should pay attention to the power that must be correctly calculated. For example, single-row steel panel radiators should be used in small rooms. The fact is that they have a minimum power.
Naturally, it is also necessary to take into account the quality of the product. To do this, focus on the reputation of the manufacturer and reviews of other buyers. Kermi steel panel radiators are considered very popular today. In addition, there are such manufacturers: Corado, Demrad. Here's what to consider when choosing a steel panel radiator. Russia produces such devices is still not active enough.
Pay attention to the dimensions of the device. It all depends on the capabilities and dimensions of your room. Naturally, an important selection criterion is the type of connection. Here it is already necessary to take into account the structural features of your heating system.
And the last thing: do not buy heaters in those stores that refuse to provide you with a quality certificate and other supporting documents. Otherwise, you are just wasting your money.
Device connection methods
There are only two of them. There is a side connection of steel panel radiators or bottom. It all depends on your heating system, as well as the model of the heater itself. If you have a device with a side connection, then you will connect it to the pipe on the left or right. Such an installation can be done independently, since it does not cause any difficulties.
As for the lower connection method, it is more preferable if it is necessary to manually adjust the heating of the room. In addition, this type of connection makes it possible to hide the supply pipes. Naturally, the price of a device with a lower connection is higher.
Connection instructions
It consists of several stages:
1. Unpack the steel panel radiator, but do not remove the protective film from it.
2. Make sure that the fasteners are installed at the manufacturer's specified distance from the floor (10 cm), wall (4 cm), window sill (minimum 6 cm). Only in this case it is possible to achieve maximum efficiency.
3. Install the device by screwing it to the supply pipes. To do this, use dowels, nuts with washers, fasteners, a plug and keys to screw the latch and to bleed air.
4. Open the central radiator valve.
5. Turn on heating system and check if the product is getting warmer. If it remains cold, then you need to release all the air from it so that the radiator fills with coolant.
Device manufacturing technology
The production of steel panel radiators consists of several stages:
Pressing and further stamping of panels. Their thickness should not exceed 1.25 mm.
Production of convectors in the shape of the letter "P". Steel is also used for this.
Connection of sheets in the panel by means of roller welding.
Fixing convectors.
Application of paints and varnishes (first the surface is primed, and then painted). And here it is necessary to use such substances that will be safe for humans and will not react to temperature changes.
Features of the device operation
It should be noted that panel steel heating radiators are relatively fragile and tender. Therefore, there are some operating rules that must be followed in order for the product to be effective and work as long as possible. So, follow these requirements:
1. Do not allow the presented devices to hit something, especially during transportation.
2. Do not unpack the brought device before you finish painting the room.
3. Try not to drain the liquid from the radiator. To do this, do not open the taps on the product. This will help you avoid rapid metal corrosion.
4. The operating temperature of the device should not fall below 0 degrees.
5. You should also not cover the device, as this makes it less effective. The fact is that in this case, air circulation worsens.
6. Do not use hard sponges to clean the panels. It is best to use soft cloths and detergent. Scouring powders can damage paint and contribute to metal rusting.
In principle, following this instruction will make it possible not to worry about the integrity and safety of your heater. Naturally, it is additionally worth reading the instructions for use, which is included with the unit. That's all the features of panel steel radiators. Good luck!
The modern market for heating appliances is very diverse. These are cast-iron, aluminum, steel, bimetallic radiators, which are very actively competing with each other.
An important role in the struggle for the buyer is played by the appearance and cost of the device, but the determining factor is the operational and technical qualities of the radiator.
Not every heating device, both domestic and foreign, will withstand the operating conditions, for example, in existing Russian heating systems.
In Russia, the calculated temperature of the coolant in the central system, made one-pipe scheme 105 degrees.
The pressure in multi-storey buildings can be maintained at the level of 10 atmospheres for a long time. Add to this water hammer, which is almost always present when starting pumping equipment in a centralized system, plus poor water quality (high content of salts, iron, alkali, oxygen, etc.).
Most modern heating devices impose requirements on the coolant, the satisfaction of which is almost impossible in a central heating system.
General information, types, technical characteristics
When buying a device for the home, you need to pay attention to several important points. First of all - this specifications steel heating radiators, which include:
The disadvantage of this device is an increased sensitivity to the oxygen contained in the coolant, so it is better to use such a radiator in closed system heating, i.e. in private, suburban buildings.
The steel radiator is subject to corrosion, which increases after it is emptied.
The manufacturer currently offers 3 types of steel radiators:
- sectional;
- tubular;
- panel.
Sectional heating devices
The sections of such a radiator are made of sheet steel by stamping. This device is not particularly popular with the consumer due to its low technical performance. For example, its maximum working pressure is only 6 atmospheres which, of course, is very small.
Tubular heaters
By the name it is already clear that this radiator is made of pipes. This is the most durable of all steel radiators, it has high heat transfer rates. Working pressure - 10-15 atmospheres.
Differs in variety of forms. Due to the fact that the pipe can bend in any direction and take a completely different position, the consumer has a huge choice, and if not a single finished radiator suits the buyer with its appearance, you can always make an exclusive heating device to order.
The parts of the device are connected to each other using a laser, which makes the welding seam almost invisible. The device has high strength, while the thickness of the steel sheet is only 1.5 mm, i.e., there is a significant saving on materials, which, in turn, affects the price of the product.
The dimensions of the tubular radiator are very diverse. The height of the device can reach three meters, the length depends entirely on the whims of the buyer.
Presented on the Russian market 3 types of tubular radiators:
- 2-section;
- 6 section;
- 8 section.
The heat output of each section is 100-120 watts.
This type of radiator is used in central heating systems.
Pros and cons of tubular radiators
Advantages
Flaws
- Tendency to form rust. It is enough for the device to stand empty for 1-2 weeks and the rate of corrosion coating increases tenfold.
- Not always good quality.
- Increased sensitivity to hydraulic shocks, which always occur during pressure testing of a central heating system.
Connection methods
- bottom;
- lateral;
- diagonal.
lower
This type of connection makes the radiator almost invisible, but has one drawback: due to the peculiarities of the passage of the coolant between the inlet and outlet collectors, the heat supply to the room is reduced by 10-15%. This is especially noticeable in apartment buildings with long lines. Therefore, the lower connection of the radiator is recommended to be used only in suburban buildings.
Lateral
The coolant inlet and outlet pipes are located on one side of the device. This is the most economical, highly efficient connection method. Easily and conveniently mounted, which allows you to do without outside help.
Diagonal
The pipe leading from the heat source is connected to the device from above, and the return pipe exits from the other side, from the lower pipe.
Such a connection is considered the most efficient, since the coolant circulates almost throughout the device, thereby ensuring high heat transfer. Among the disadvantages of such a connection can be noted:
- Inconvenient installation;
- the inability to hide communications in a box or wall;
- increase in pipe consumption;
- complex wiring that makes installation difficult.
Technical characteristics of such radiators will be given below. This is a relatively inexpensive, highly efficient heating device. Designed for a working pressure of 8-9 atmospheres and the maximum allowable temperature of the coolant - 110-120 degrees.
The basis of the panel radiator is a panel consisting of steel sheets welded together along the perimeter. Inside the panel, by stamping, channels are formed through which the coolant circulates, completely warming up the device.
Panel radiators differ in marking: 10, 11, 12, 21, 22 and 33rd. The first digit indicates the quantity in the device, the second - the number of steel sheets welded to the panel. For example, the 12th and 21st type consists of two panels and one sheet located between them.
Panels connected to each other are usually covered with a side cover.
Such devices have two types of connection: side and bottom.