Homemade sandwich chimney. What are smoke sandwich pipes - their features, advantages and disadvantages
Any plant that burns fuel cannot function properly if it does not have a chimney. Today, builders know a lot of various materials from which chimneys can be made. The most popular are modular products, which are supplied in whole sets, called "sandwiches". This article will address the most frequently asked questions regarding the design of such systems, their right choice for everybody specific case. It will also detail how to make a sandwich pipe and install it without the help of professionals.
In principle, making a sandwich is available to every person with at least some building skills. To make sandwich pipes, you must have:
- metal pipe;
- Galvanized steel sheets;
- Stone wool.
The design is an inner pipe, which is closed on all sides with stone wool. From above, the entire structure is wrapped with galvanized sheets. There are no difficulties in such a design. In most cases, the outer shell of the chimney is prefabricated and consists of several parts. Therefore, the joints of structural elements require increased attention.
Fixation of galvanized iron is carried out with special fleas. You can use ordinary screws. The fastening must be complete, that is, not only one sheet is fastened, but all adjacent sheets are fixed to each other.
When a sandwich chimney is made, each craftsman chooses the appropriate material for himself. In this case, the brand of the fuel unit must be taken into account. For example, hot water boilers, produced by our industry, maintain the temperature of the outgoing gases within 120 degrees. For such devices, mineral wool can become the material of thermal insulation. It is ideal for creating such devices.
Things are completely different when it comes to homemade fireplaces or solid fuel boilers. The heating temperature in such heating systems can reach 800 degrees. Here you just can not do without stone wool. Its use is considered mandatory. Basalt wool can be used as a substitute. To prevent rapid burnout of the inner pipe, it must have a large wall thickness.
The ideal material for installing a sandwich pipe is stainless steel. It has special properties that make it possible to operate such a system for many years. Moreover, the inner surface stainless pipe always stays smooth. The gases escaping through the pipes do not affect its inner surface, and this increases the efficiency of the chimney itself.
Good to know! When joining thermal insulation on the long side, some problems may occur. Fastening should be carried out with an overlap, having previously made an undercut equal to half the thickness of the pipe wall and an additional overlap of about 10 cm to create an even geometry.
Let's make a small comparison. A high-quality sandwich 10 meters long can be purchased for 20,000 rubles.
ordinary metal pipe costs 6000 rubles. The cost of insulation will be 2,125 rubles. For galvanized sheets you will have to pay 2500 rubles. The total amount will be 10625 rubles. There is a 50% savings. Of course, unforeseen expenses are also possible, even 6,000 rubles. Savings are visible to the naked eye. In other words, 4,000 rubles remained in your pocket, and a metal pipe with a wall thickness of 3.6 mm is always better than a stainless pipe with a thickness of 0.5 mm. From the above calculation it can be seen that before you start building a chimney, you should think about what material to mount it from.
Of course, if the savings of 4-5 thousand rubles is not significant for you, you can buy all the parts in the store and get a guarantee on them. But if you still want to save money, you can make a sandwich chimney with your own hands.
Suitable materials
If we simply consider sandwich chimneys, without going into the secrets of design, we can conclude that they are all exactly the same. However, this opinion is erroneous. These products are also available in different quality levels. You can not purchase such products, focusing only on their beautiful shine.
It is very important to pay attention to the steel grade and its quality. Is it suitable for building a chimney with your own hands.
If you look at sites dedicated to the construction of a chimney, you can find many photo examples showing a completely burned-out steel structure. Deformation of such a pipe may cause a fire or severe poisoning carbon smoke. Looking at the pictures, one can come to the conclusion that the wrong steel was taken for the pipe, or it was simply not intended to work together with such a heating device.
To prevent this from happening to you, let's look at the types of stainless steel from which you can independently mount a sandwich chimney:
- AISI 430. It is considered the most inexpensive. It is good to make an outer casing of a sandwich from it. Such steel is completely indifferent to any atmospheric influence. No changes in weather conditions are terrible for her. This steel is not suitable for the manufacture of internal channels, it does not have increased resistance. The metal is poorly welded, so it will be very difficult to get reliable welds;
- AISI 439. This brand differs from the previous one in its composition. It includes titanium additives. As a result, the mechanical strength increased. The metal is no longer afraid of corrosion. Chimney pipes made of such steel can be installed in gas installations, solid fuel furnaces, as well as low power boilers;
- AISI 316. The composition of the steel includes special alloying additives. As a result, the metal acquired anti-corrosion protection. Nickel with molybdenum protect it from highly aggressive acids. The metal received increased heat resistance. Such pipes are suitable for working with any gas boilers, regardless of their power;
- AISI 304. The steel is very similar to "316", but it contains much less alloying components. Its cost in the market is much lower than analogues. The quality of the metal is not high;
- "AISI 316i - AISI 321". These grades are considered the most versatile stainless steels. They are not afraid of corrosion, they are distinguished by high ductility. In addition, these types of steel are able to withstand very high temperatures - 850 degrees.
- AISI 310S. This alloy is considered the most expensive and high quality metal. Steel has high heat resistance. It can withstand temperatures of 1000 degrees. Such properties allow it to be used in chimneys installed on pyrolysis boilers developing great power.
Any high quality sandwich chimney always has technical documentation, which necessarily lists all types of steel grades used to manufacture the system.
When such documentation is missing, there is reason to think. It is very possible that the proposed device is a well-made fake.
There is also another way to define stainless steel. If the steel contains a lot of alloying additives, it ceases to attract a magnet, it simply slides over its surface.
If the magnet is tightly attracted to the surface and does not fall from a vertical plane, then you have an ordinary metal that has nothing to do with stainless steel. This purchase is not worth it.
Choosing the inner diameter of the pipe
The correct choice of this value depends on the parameters of the heating system. To determine the diameter of the pipe, a special calculation method has been developed, which takes as a basis thermal power installation. The calculation formulas are quite complex, so you can simply use the averaged data:
When determining the pipe diameter, it is very important to take into account the dimensions of the layer and the type of thermal insulation. The most suitable and having positive characteristics are heat-insulating materials of the most famous manufacturers in the world:
- "PAROC ROB 80t";
- "MAT 30";
- "ROCKWOOL WIRED MAT 80".
All these brands are basalt wool. This material does not burn, fireproof.
The thickness of the insulation is selected depending on the type of heating system. In this case, the average heating temperature of the exhaust gases is taken into account.
Several averaged data are shown in the table:
Schemes for installing a sandwich chimney
When choosing a chimney installation option, two designs are usually considered:
When the sandwich is located indoors, it is the least exposed to external influences. Therefore, it practically does not form condensate. A similar design is suitable for a stove in a bath. It will be possible to install a tank at the beginning of the pipe, in which water will be heated. A diagram of such a device is shown in the figure. For the installation of a stone oven, a mesh section can be installed.
Whatever the design, an intermediate section must be mounted between the stove and the chimney, without a thermal insulating layer. It is equipped with a special damper, the so-called damper, so that it is possible to regulate the removal of heat entering the chimney. This is very important for stoves installed in the bath.
The main disadvantage of such a device is the high labor intensity and complexity of laying the pipeline.
It is much easier to lay the chimney along the outer wall. In this case, only one hole is made in the wall.
Fastening of parts is carried out using brackets and special support platforms. Such a chimney does not “eat up” the space in the room. The risk of fire or poisoning by combustion products is reduced to zero.
A big disadvantage of laying an external chimney is the strong influence of external conditions on it. Temperature fluctuations, atmospheric phenomena cause the appearance of condensate on a large scale. This must be taken into account when building a chimney.
How to properly install a chimney
Mounting such a sandwich is quite simple. These structures are considered fireproof. For their assembly and subsequent fixation, it is not required to have great building skills.
You need to start installing the chimney from the bottom point. Gradually moving from the stove to the ceiling and then the roof of the house. The outer pipes are put on the inner ones. The installation technology of the chimney installation has several transitions.
Pipe connection
When sandwich pipes are made, some of them have tapering elements. This makes assembly easier. The smaller diameter pipe is easily inserted into the previous flared end pipe. Thanks to this connection, the appearance of soot inside the chimney is practically excluded. If you mount special tees, it will be much easier to remove condensate.
The chimney goes through the wall
To do this, the seats are dismantled, their additional strengthening is carried out. Then the outer bracket is assembled with skids along which the tee will move. The hole in the wall is covered with a 10 mm plywood sheet. For complete safety, it is covered on top with an additional asbestos sheet. The whole structure is covered with galvanized sheet metal.
A square hole is cut at the point of fastening of the feedthrough. The laid layers are reinforced with screws. To save the bracket from rust, it needs to be painted. Then the chimney is passed through the passage.
When making a chimney, do not forget to make “concessions”. It is a gap between the wall and the chimney pipe.
When the chimney pipe must pass through the ceiling, calculations are made for all connecting parts. The pipe joint must be above the opening in the ceiling. Any joint of the chimney pipe is considered the most fire hazardous area. That is why they must all be under visual observation during operation.
Installation of a chimney through the roof
If it is necessary to lay the chimney through the roof, the opening must first be closed from the inside with a galvanized metal sheet. Then, through the hole made in the sheet, the pipe is brought out. After such an operation, the sheet itself is fixed. If necessary, the edges of the sheet can be bent along the border of the roof.
Important! The chimney must rise above the surface of a flat roof by more than one meter. When a high chimney is installed on the roof, and its height exceeds 1.2 meters, it is reinforced with stretch marks and fixed with crimp clamps. They hold the pipe in strong gusts of wind and do not allow it to deviate from the vertical.
Roofs made of flammable materials, such as bitumen, must be protected by additional devices. For this purpose, a special deflector equipped with a fine mesh absorber is installed directly above the roof.
Chimney fixing
Almost all parts of the chimney are pulled together with clamps. If additional difficulties arise, the tee is attached with an additional support bracket. In the case of a high upper part of the chimney, when the height exceeds 1.2 meters, the pipe is additionally reinforced with stretch marks. Pipe fastening should always have the highest reliability. Chimney joints for more high reliability are additionally fixed with special details:
- Pipe connection - with one crimp collar;
- A chimney with tees - with several clamps, and crimping is done on each side of the pipe.
The support bracket is easy to make yourself. To do this, take two metal corners with a wall of 30–50 mm. Holes are drilled in them for bolts with M8-M10 threads.
A little advice! To prevent air leakage when assembling the chimney, you need to use a heat-resistant sealant.
If the tightness is broken, the pipe will weaken, the thrust will begin to disappear. There will be a burning smell in the room.
End of installation
When the assembly of the chimney pipe is completely finished, the remnants of the protective film are removed from the pipe.
With any design of the chimney, its length should not exceed 6 meters. The distance is measured from the beginning of the grate and ends with the head. This value is standardized and must be strictly observed.
All chimney connections must be treated with a special heat-resistant sealant. It has the ability to withstand 1000 degrees.
Sealant application technique
When the assembly work is completed and the boiler is turned on, it is necessary to check the heating of the most dangerous sections of the chimney. In these places, exceeding the permissible heating temperature is strictly prohibited.
To facilitate the maintenance of the chimney and its cleaning, an audit is made. It can be a removable element or a part with an opening door.
To prevent precipitation from entering the chimney, the pipe must be closed with a cap.
Fire safety
To avoid a fire, it is necessary to lay the chimney so that it does not touch the wall or ceiling. Sandwich pipes must be placed in special boxes that limit them from touching other materials.
To obtain higher security, the boxes are equipped with basalt wool. Quite often, a self-mounted chimney is separated from the ceiling with a small metal sheet. The steel sheet becomes a kind of radiator that heats the surrounding air.
Conclusion
From the foregoing, we can conclude that such an event, how to assemble a chimney sandwich, is not a very laborious task. Any homeowner who knows how to handle tools can install such a design.
You just need to make the right calculations, draw a drawing and buy all the necessary materials.
Not only the quality of the removal of fuel combustion products, but also the safety of the home and the people who live in it directly depends on the right choice of chimney. Using a sandwich pipe as a chimney is easy to install, good operational characteristics and resistance to external stimuli. We will consider how to install a chimney sandwich later.
Chimneys sandwich - advantages and disadvantages
The sandwich chimney consists of a pipe, which contains elements in the form of meter sections. They are separated from each other with the help of thermal insulation materials. To provide external protection of the pipe, stainless or galvanized steel is used, so such a chimney is not capable of causing a fire.
The chimney is called a sandwich because it consists of three main layers, the outer one in the form of a pipe, the inner one in the form of a pipe and the intermediate one in the form of a heat-insulating material. In most cases, the insulation in the sandwich chimney is basalt-based mineral wool. It is this material that is resistant to high temperatures, chemical aggressive substances, moisture, in addition, it has excellent sound and heat insulation properties. The thickness of the insulation layer in the sandwich chimney is about 3 cm.
Stainless steel is used for the manufacture of the inner pipe, and brass, copper, steel, etc. are used for the outer pipe.
But, despite this, sandwich chimneys are distinguished by the presence of both advantages and disadvantages. Before deciding to use a sandwich chimney, we recommend that you first study its features. Let's start with the disadvantages:
- the total cost of construction is quite high, compared with alternative chimney options in the form of pipes made of asbestos or concrete;
- the service life of such chimneys is no more than twenty years, since over time, the pipe loses its tightness due to the constant narrowing of its walls.
The advantages of a sandwich chimney are much greater and they cover the above disadvantages:
- ease and simplicity of installation, the installation of this chimney does not require professional equipment and skills to work with it, unlike, for example, a brick chimney;
- pipes are compact and do not take up much space;
- a design of this kind is universal, as it allows the chimney to be led both through the ceiling and through the walls;
- due to the multilayer structure, condensate and soot do not settle on the pipe, so the chimney rarely needs to be cleaned;
- resistance to chemicals, high temperature, aggressive irritants;
- the highest fire safety, in comparison with all existing types chimneys;
- installation of a chimney is possible even on a complex type of truss system.
As can be seen from the above advantages, installing a sandwich chimney is the best combination of practicality and ease of installation. In addition, as a result, it is possible to obtain a safe, durable and hermetic structure for the removal of combustion products from the house.
The main components of the chimney sandwich are elements in the form of:
- anti-corrosion inner coat;
- outer casing;
- thermal insulation layer based on basalt.
Only proper assembly and compliance with the installation technology guarantees the fulfillment of all the advantages that a sandwich chimney has. The minimum protrusion of the pipe beyond the roof surface is half a meter. If the structure is located on the ridge zone, then it should be located half a meter from the highest section of the ridge.
If roofing materials are combustible, then the height of the chimney increases to 150 cm.
To assemble a sandwich chimney with your own hands, you will need:
- accessories that are sold with the chimney;
- a special passage unit, which is installed at the intersection of the chimney with the roof;
- mineral wool;
- metal sheet;
- sandwich meshes;
- screwdriver;
- hacksaws;
- silicone-based sealant;
- metal scissors.
Please note that the chimney must be located at a distance of more than 25 cm from the walls. To complete the assembly of the chimney, follow a series of steps:
1. Prepare technological holes located on the surface of the roof and ceiling. Please note that the interval between the chimney and any object prone to fire should be at least 35 cm, if it is less, then basalt wool is laid on the pipe, and a sheet of metal is placed on top of it.
2. Install a sandwich grid, a starter module, which will significantly increase the efficiency of the heater. Please note that this module is not installed directly on the stove, as this is a violation of fire safety regulations.
3. The beginning of the assembly involves the installation of external pipes through which smoke will circulate and the installation of internal elements to collect condensate. The inner part is installed in the downpipe, and the outer part is installed on the outer part of the lower module, use a silicone-based sealant to seal the joints.
4. If the chimney passes through the surface of the ceiling, then it is necessary to use paper based on asbestos. A hole should be cut in it, the same diameter as the chimney. The box for installation should be covered with crumbs based on foam glass materials or any insulation in loose form.
5. The last node, called the master flush, is used to sandwich the chimney through the roof space. The outer part fixes it with the help of clamps and self-tapping screws, and a special protective umbrella is installed on the upper part, which protects the chimney from getting into it all sorts of debris and precipitation.
Please note that before starting work, you should study the chimney assembly instructions that the manufacturer offers, since each chimney sandwich has its own individual features that must be taken into account during its installation.
Scheme of a sandwich chimney: principle of operation and device
Each of the sandwich chimneys is distinguished by a different thickness of pipes, their characteristics. In addition, chimneys differ in accordance with the modes and load of their operation.
The main requirement for installing a chimney sandwich is to maintain tightness, do not allow fuel combustion products to enter the room, as this will lead to poisoning of the people who live in it.
There are several types of chimney connections - with flanges, cold bridges, etc. Sandwich chimneys, unlike other chimneys, practically do not accumulate soot or condensate on the surface. Therefore, maintenance and cleaning of this chimney is not needed.
Due to the high fire safety, these types of chimneys are recommended for installation in wooden houses or baths.
There are two principles for installing a sandwich chimney:
- with the presence of tees that bring condensate masses out, this type of technology is called smoke;
- the condensate option assumes the absence of tees during the installation of the pipe.
Do-it-yourself sandwich chimney installation
To ensure the correct passage of the chimney in the under-roof space, it is necessary to think over in advance the place of its installation. In order to ensure the passage of the chimney, special pipes should be used.
Before starting the installation of the pipe, take care of its preparation. Install a thin layer of insulating purpose on its walls, in the form of mineral basalt wool mats. Next, insulate all parts of the pipe.
Install the flue pipes in the place where the chimney passes. To do this, make markings on the ceiling in accordance with the diameter of the pipe, cut out the ceiling and install a heater in the form of basalt wool at the junction of the pipe with the ceiling.
This stage completes the preparation of the base for the installation of the chimney itself. Gently guide the pipe through the ceiling. Please note that the pipe must be sized to fully extend into the under-roof space without joints in certain areas. The presence of joints violates the tightness of the pipes.
The presence of an air gap between the pipe and the chimney itself will reduce the thermal stress in the chimney and will have a so-called cooling effect on it.
Next, protective elements are mounted that fix and protect the branch pipe; before that, the pipe should be checked for evenness. We offer you to get acquainted with the features of installing a sandwich chimney in a double-circuit heating system, which involves not only heating the building, but also supplying it with hot water.
In order for the thermal insulation material to receive reliable protection from the ingress of moisture and the accumulation of condensate, an external pipe is put on it. Main function inner pipe - removal of condensate from the inside of the chimney.
In order to increase the reliability of the structure, a sealant is used to seal the seams between pipe joints, please note that its maximum working temperature should be one hundred degrees.
To fix elbows, tees, pipe joints, it is best to use clamps. To fix the tees, support brackets are used to hold the chimney.
Installation of stainless steel sandwich chimneys involves the following recommendations:
- the chimney should not have horizontal sections longer than one meter;
- note that the chimney must not come into contact with gas equipment, pipeline or electrical wiring;
- the installation of insulated pipes in the areas where the chimney passes through the wall is mandatory;
- the presence of an inspection hole will help to easily clean the chimney from dirt or soot, in addition, it is possible to equip an inspection glass.
Do-it-yourself sandwich chimney: manufacturing technology
Before installing a sandwich chimney, its dimensions should be determined, namely:
- the value of the diameter of the transverse part of the chimney;
- overall length of the chimney.
Sandwich chimney dimensions are defined as follows:
- 14x14 cm section for a chimney installed in equipment with a power of up to three and a half kilowatts;
- 14 by 20 cm - thermal power not more than 5.2 kilowatts;
- 14x27 cm - thermal power from 5 to 7 kW.
Determining the size of the pipe section depends on the thermal power of the equipment for which the chimney is intended.
- the minimum height of the sandwich chimney is 5 m;
- the minimum value of the output of the chimney for the ridge is half a meter;
- if there are extensions near the house, then the chimney must exceed them.
If you plan to install a chimney on a flat roof, then it must exceed it by 500 mm. If the distance between the ridge and the chimney is up to 1.5 m, then this rule remains, if the distance is from 1.5 to 3 m, then the pipe should be located on the same level with the ridge.
The installation of the chimney begins from the site where the heating device, gradually moving to the roof. In the process of performing work, use the recommendations:
- on the chimneys there should be no ledges;
- the maximum smoke temperature is 500 degrees Celsius;
- the maximum angle of inclination of the pipes is thirty degrees;
- on inclined sections of pipes there should be no roughness, and their area should have a cross section.
If the material for finishing the roof belongs to the class of combustible substances, and fuel in the form of peat or firewood is used for the furnace, then you should take care of the presence of spark arresters.
In addition, care should be taken to install a device that protects the chimney from atmospheric influences. Umbrellas, deflectors, etc. have such features.
The chimney sandwich assembly procedure consists of the following processes:
1. The arrangement of the chimney should begin from the area where the stove or fireplace is located. The first pipe section must be connected to heating device. The plug will help provide additional sealing of the device.
2. In addition, each of the inner tubes and the outer tube are inserted into each other. Please note that the pipes must be assembled in such a way that their inside is so smooth that the condensate can drain smoothly.
3. First, join the inner pipes, for this, they are pulled 10 cm from the outer pipe, and then join the outer sections.
5. In addition, additional reinforcement will help provide sealant.
New among pipes
The operation of all heating equipment depends on the correct choice of the chimney. Therefore, experts recommend that you carefully consider your own preferences. Great popularity in recent times smoke steel sandwich pipes are used. It is they, as practice has shown, that they withstand high loads associated with internal and external factors.
What are the negative effects of the chimney?
To understand what difficulties the chimney must cope with during operation, it is necessary to understand the features of its functioning.
The main function of such a structural unit is the output of combustion products to the outside. When fuel is burned inside the chimney, a very high temperature is formed. And if this important technical unit is brought outside, then severe cold affects the outer walls in winter. A sharp fluctuation in temperature contributes to the formation of condensate. Its excess can easily disable the entire heating installation. Therefore, it is important to find a solution that will prevent the formation of a large amount of condensate.
Why is condensation dangerous? Under the influence high temperatures it turns into a strong acid, which is capable of completely destroying brickwork in a few weeks. Therefore, it makes sense to choose sandwich pipes made of stainless steel. Such smoke devices minimize the formation of excess moisture. But even if it is formed inside a multilayer structure, the material from which the latter is made is not afraid of acid.
Given the low cost of a sandwich pipe, it becomes clear why such smoke devices are so popular today.
Design features of the described product
What is a sandwich pipe? This is a collapsible chimney, consisting of separate segments. In the process of its manufacture, two methods are used:
- The first option is ordinary pipes made of stainless steel. They are well insulated at the factory, therefore, in general, the design retains high thermal insulation properties. Due to this, the formation of condensate is practically reduced to zero. But keep in mind that this method of manufacturing smoke structures makes them short-lived. Due to the constant exposure to high temperatures, a steel insulated chimney fails very quickly.
- The second option allows the use of chimneys, the service life of which is significantly increased due to special structural elements. It was possible to do this due to the multilayer structure. Very practical sandwich pipes are made as follows. A smaller diameter pipe is inserted into the outer casing, and a small space is formed between them. It is filled with a heater - mineral wool on a basalt basis.
How does a sandwich pipe work?
What did the second method of making a chimney achieve?
Characteristic scheme
- Build good traction. This feature ensures uniform burning of the fuel loaded into the combustion chamber. Therefore, smoke does not accumulate in it and does not burst through the firebox door back into the room, violating the comfort in it.
- Exclusion of the formation of a large amount of condensate. How dangerous it is, has already been mentioned above. The chimney insulated from the inside warms up very quickly. At the same time, the insulation does not allow the cold of the street to reduce the temperature of the inner pipe. Therefore, the existing temperature difference does not affect the operation of the installation as a whole.
Note! Even if the boiler is idle for some time, not working, in the most severe cold, the pipe will not freeze and will not be covered with frost. And all because the insulation will not allow the metal to freeze. After turning on the firebox, draft appears instantly, so with such a chimney it is very difficult to get poisoned with carbon monoxide.
- High guarantees from manufacturers producing sandwich pipes. They are confident that such smoke structures can last for 15 years. And note that they do not require special care. Twice is enough heating season open special pockets and clean the inside of the chimney from soot and burning.
Operational benefits
Chimney device
Summarizing all the above, we can draw certain conclusions. Factory sandwich pipes have a number of operational advantages:
- It is very easy to assemble such a chimney, since the final product is a set of individual elements. The main ones are meter sandwich pipes. Attached are:
- clamps that allow you to connect the joints;
- special cup holders used when cleaning the chimney;
- adapters;
- galvanized plates;
- tips;
- rain umbrellas.
Attached to the product detailed instructions, by which it is easy to independently design in the shortest possible time.
Pipe installation
- Sandwich pipes are available for sale different diameters. Focusing on this technical feature, you can choose the most suitable option for yourself, which, when assembled, does not take up much space. Compactness is another significant advantage of sandwich pipes.
- The whole structure is light weight. One person can work with it, and the versatility allows you to assemble it both outside the building and inside it. Beams, rafters and roofing are not a hindrance. Everything is thought out to the smallest detail. The design includes adapters and technical knots, allowing to secure ceiling and roofing floors.
- If high-quality materials were used to make a sandwich, then the chimney will last quite a long time. And thanks to the maximum reduction in the level of condensate, much less soot is formed inside the pipe. Because of this, maintenance of the installation is greatly simplified.
- As practice has shown, stainless steel calmly endures a sharp temperature drop, is not afraid of external negative impacts and internal chemicals. In addition, the design of the sandwich pipe has proven itself well in terms of fire safety.
- To install this type of chimney, you do not need to build a foundation under it, as when assembling brick pipe. And that helps save money.
Features of the installation of a multilayer structure
To appreciate everything positive traits chimney sandwich, it is important to assemble it correctly. Properly executed installation ensures the normal operation of the boilers. When assembling, it is important to comply with the existing SNiP standards and correlate the power of the furnace, its performance and the required pipe diameter.
Installation steps
An important factor is the temperature at which the chimney will be operated. Experts recommend taking into account the frequency of its use. In some cases, the described element functions year-round, but occasionally - when heating baths or country house used on weekends. In others, all the time. And this also needs to be taken into account.
If sandwich pipes are selected for the assembly of a heating system, the central element of which is a solid fuel boiler, it is necessary to install a chimney made of heat-resistant material.
When assembling structures, the upper element must be put on the lower one, and not vice versa. Only in this case will the condensate be able to find a way out. Otherwise, the acid will be absorbed into the insulation layer. Because of this, the basalt wool will begin to collapse very quickly, and the installation will lose all its operational advantages.
Note! An inspection hatch must be installed at the bottom of the chimney. A few more holes will be needed in order to gain access to the internal parts of the chimney for the purpose of its maintenance and cleaning.
The structure is assembled from below, the elements are joined together and tightened with clamps. In places of overlap, a box is installed - an adapter that allows you to secure the roof structure. After assembly, the chimney looks very attractive on the outside, and stainless steel ensures its long-term operation. This explains the popularity of this product.
Existing deficiencies
Overheating of the inner barrel
When choosing a sandwich pipe, it is necessary to study in detail its shortcomings. Their number is small. However, attention should be paid to some technical features multi-layer chimney installation.
Over time, the insulation layer loses its thermal insulation properties, so the chimney gradually loses its operational advantages. The more often the boiler is turned off, the faster such equipment wears out.
Often, sudden temperature changes lead to the fact that the insulation gradually exfoliates from the casing. But this happens only if, for the sake of economy, cheap sandwich pipes are chosen. The loss of tightness is the main disadvantage of the described installations. Therefore, it is so important to purchase products from trusted manufacturers, whose reputation is beyond doubt. Only in this case, smoke installations will be able to serve for the promised period.
Generalization on the topic
Constituent elements
Standard sandwich pipes have a multi-layer construction. The top casing and inner tube are made of stainless steel sheets, which are rolled to the desired diameter and plasma welded. A non-combustible insulation is laid between them, most often basalt fiber. Its thickness depends on the functionality and scope of the chimney. The thickest layer of insulation is 5 cm.
Traditionally, sandwich pipes are divided into several varieties. When classifying, not only the thickness of the insulation is taken into account, but also the diameter of the pipes. For the normal functioning of solid fuel stoves, chimneys made of special heat-resistant steel are selected. Such products are the most expensive option for a smoke installation.